Transcript CCS in China - Germanwatch

Carbon Dioxide Capture
and Storage (CCS) in China
Scale of Emission Reduction Challenge
• China is world's largest CO2 emitter
• China accounts for 24% of global energy related CO2
emissions, US for 21%, EU-15 for 12%
Importance of Coal for China
• Coal accounts for nearly 70% of China's energy
needs
• China has the second largest domestic coal reserves
in the world
• Rapid growth in power sector and industrial sector
such as steel are the main drivers of increasing coal
use
Total Primary Energy Demand in China
Current Efforts to reduce dependence on
coal in China
• Focus is on improving energy efficiency and
promoting renewables and other alternative
technologies
• Key targets and requirements determined by Chinese
Government:
– target to reduce coal in energy mix below 60%
– requirement that 15% of total energy should come from renewables
by 2020 (including Renewable Energy Law)
– target of 40 GW of nuclear power by 2020 (up from 6.6 GW in
2005)
– requirement that all new large power plants use high efficiency
super-critical coal-fired technology
– expected improvement in coal power generation efficiency – from
32% in 2000 to 39% in 2030
Coal based Power Generation
Technology in China
Technology
Efficiency
Cost ($ per
kW)
Status
Subcritical
30-36%
500-600
Main base of China's
current generating fleet
Supercritical
41%*
600-900
About half of current
new orders
Ultrasupercritical
43%*
600-900
Two 1000 MW plants in
operation
IGCC (precombustion)
45-55%
1100-1400
Twelve units waiting for
approval by NRDC
* Indicates current efficiency. Improvements are expected in the future
→ current power Generation is based on the
least efficient, cheapest technology
Source: IEA analysis based
on data obtained from
industry experts
Potential role of energy efficiency + renewables
in reducing China's emissions from Coal
Even with strong policy incentives for energy efficiency, renewables and other low carbon
technologies, coal will remain a major part of China's energy mix until at least 2030:
Source: IEA World Energy
Outlook 2007
Current activity on CCS in China
• Ministry of Science and Technology is developing a
long-term CCS R&D strategy
• Current activities are focused on small, standalone
demonstration projects, focus on pre-combustion
(IGCC) options
• International cooperation projects with USA, Australia,
Japan, Canada and EU
Three broad strategic options for future
EU-China CCS cooperation
• Option 1: A stand alone demonstration plant
• Option 2: large-scale project closely aligned with EU
demonstration programme
• Option 3: Broader CCS initiative covering other
industrial applications and wider infrastructure
investment
Key factors with
significant influence
on the future of CCS
1. Location and adequacy
of CO2 storage sites
(see map)
2. Development of a
regulatory framework
for CCS in China
3. Intellectual Property
Rights (IPR) framework
for CCS initiatives
Source: APEC (2005) Assessment of Geological Storage
Potential of Carbon Dioxide in the APEC Region - Phase 1
Opportunities for Progress
• UNFCCC and multilateral financing mechanisms
• Other European financing possibilities
• Possible G8 CCS Initiative
Further information
This presentation is based on the briefing paper "CCS in China"
prepared by E3G:
www.germanwatch.org/klima/ccs-china
Further information on CCS (in German):
www.germanwatch.org/klima/ccs
Further information on climate protection (in English):
www.germanwatch.org/klima/en
Imprint:
Published by: Germanwatch
Edited by: Anne Koch, Qian Cheng, Dr. Gerold Kier, Dr. Manfred Treber
With financial support from:
Responsibility for the contents of this publication rests with Germanwatch
May 2009