Transcript Bio 10: Intro to Biology Instructor: Paul Nagami Laney College

Large Molecules and
Living Things, pt. 1
Bio 10: Intro to Biology
Instructor: Paul Nagami
Laney College
Sept. 4, 2013
Agenda
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Administrative Stuff
Review: What Makes a Tree?
Review: Carbon Structures
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Wrap-up
Essay Outline
• Don’t forget that your essay outline is due
in a week!
• Useful sources for articles on relevant
research:
• http://www.sciencedaily.com/
• http://www.sciencemag.org/
• http://www.nature.com/
• If you have questions, please ask sooner
than later!
What Are Trees Made Of?
Every year, the
General Sherman
sequoia adds on over a
cubic meter of wood –
enough to make a new
15-meter (50-foot) tall
tree!
Where does all of this
dry mass come from?
Take a guess:
Most of the General Sherman tree’s
dry mass is derived from….
A) Water and minerals from the soil.
B) Organic matter from the soil.
C) Energy from the sun.
D) Gas from the air.
Carbon (C)
Covalent bond
Carbon Skeletons
• Macromolecules are based on hydrocarbon skeletons.
Macromolecule
(large) +
molecule
Hydrocarbon
gen +
Monomers and dimers
• Macromolecules are often made of repeating pieces.
• Each piece is a monomer. Sticking two monomers together
makes a dimer.
Monomer
one + piece
Glucose
Functional Group
Hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Dimer
two + pieces
Polymers
Dehydration builds polymers.
Hydrolysis breaks polymers.
water + breaking
Lactose Intolerance
Disaccharide
Monosaccharide
Polysaccharides
Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose
Lipids
Lipids made
from “fat”
Lipids made
from cholesterol
Triglycerides
This fat is unsaturated.
Saturated, Unsaturated, and Trans Fats
Steroid Hormones
Cholesterol
Ovarian Cycle