Multimedia Web Pages

Download Report

Transcript Multimedia Web Pages

Multimedia Web Pages

http://www.netskills.ac.uk/

© Netskills, Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle Netskills is a trademark of Netskills, University of Newcastle.

Partly funded by the 1 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

Topics

 What is multimedia?

 Multimedia formats and technologies  Audio  Video  Streaming media  SMIL  VRML 2 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

Multimedia Web Pages

 What is multimedia?

 Any combination of:  Text  Graphics  Animation  Audio  Video  Virtual Reality  Example: www.destination360.com/tikal/guide.htm

3 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

Viewing Multimedia: Plug-ins

 Browsers limited to displaying text and images   Plug-ins enable browsers to handle other media Video, animation…  Plug-ins are usually freely distributed  Software to generate files viewed by plug-in are usually commercial  Newer browsers have pre-installed plug-ins  Plug-in resources available at: https://pfs.mozilla.org/plugins/ 4 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

Examples of Plug-ins

 Flash, Real Player and QuickTime  Support animation, audio, video, interaction and virtual reality  Can provide user controls:  Zoom, fast forward, rewind…  Examples: www.macromedia.com

www.shrek.com

5 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

Multimedia in Web Pages

 Media files included in a web page using:  tag in Internet Explorer  tag in Netscape browsers  Can use both tags to increase compatibility <

object

classid="clsid:02BF25D5-8C17-4B23-BC80-D3488ABDDC6B" codebase="http://www.apple.com/qtactivex/qtplugin.cab"> <

embed

src="

tune.wav

" pluginspage="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/">

 Range of attributes can also be used  Autoplay, height, width, loop…  Repeat for both and 6 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

Audio Formats

 There are many audio formats, including: .wav

 .aiff

Microsoft's sound format  .au Originally for Mac, now also for PCs  Audio format developed by Sun .ra

 .midi

RealAudio, increasingly popular commercial format  Musical Instrument Digital Interface 7 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

MP3 Format

 Format for efficient compression of digital audio  'Near CD' quality audio with small file sizes   Non-proprietary format (open standard) Files can be distributed via the internet  Using MP3  Create MP3s from CDs using encoding software  Download (not always legal!) www.mp3.com

 Playback requires MP3 player - e.g. Winamp www.winamp.com

 Causing radical changes in the music industry  Record companies selling MP3 albums via the web 8 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

Video Formats

 Usually include both audio and video  Can be very large files  Slow to download  Common formats include: .avi

- Audio Video Interleave  Developed by Microsoft .mov

- QuickTime movie format  Developed by Apple, but now cross-platform  Also supports QuickTime 3D or VR .mpg

- Moving Pictures Experts Group  ISO standard for audio and video compression 9 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

Streaming Media

 Streaming media can be played whilst downloading  Less time waiting for playback to begin  Streamable media  Audio, video, s lides…   Different media can be streamed simultaneously Can be pre-recorded or live  Quality of playback is bandwidth dependent  Buffering used to smooth network delays  Examples of streaming media: video.ldc.lu.se/terena.htm

www.bbc.co.uk/fivelive news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/newsnight/default.stm

10 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

Products for Streaming

 RealNetworks  RealProducer  Creation of files in 'rm' format   RealServer  Streamed delivery of files RealPlayer  Playback of rm files (free)  Apple QuickTime  QuickTime player  Macromedia Director (Shockwave)  Shockwave files are streamed  Integrates with RealAudio/RealVideo uk.real.com www.apple.com

www.macromedia.com

11 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

SMIL

 Synchronised Multimedia Integration Language   HTML-like language for choreographing multimedia A udio, video, images, animation, text…  SMIL file instructs client to:  Retrieve media files from server(s)  Synchronise playback  Requires plug-in/player  QuickTime (SMIL 1.0)  Real Player (SMIL 2.0)  IE5.5 (+) supports a Microsoft implementation of SMIL  W3C recommendation www.w3.org/AudioVideo 12 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

VRML

 Virtual Reality Modelling Language  Three-dimensional (3D) imaging format  Object properties specified using text-based language Cube {depth 1 height 1 width 1}  VRML player controls allow users to manipulate view of object  Pan, zoom, rotate, fly, etc.

 Examples of VRML: www.web3d.org

www.bath.ac.uk/casa/completed www.agocg.ac.uk/reports/virtual/vrart/examples.htm

13 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

Accessibility

 Legal requirement for materials to be accessible  Regardless of users ability/disability  Disability Discrimination Act (1995)  Special Educational Needs and Disability Act (2002)  Multimedia accessibility issues  Large file size can slow content delivery   Playback typically requires plug-ins Media may be inaccessible to:  Users with disabilities (deaf, blind…)  Assistive technologies (e.g. screenreaders)  Only use multimedia where justified  Provide appropriate alternatives  Text transcripts, captioned video, audio descriptions...

14 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle

Summary

 Web pages can include a range of media  Audio, video, animation, VRML…  Formats for each media may have different characteristics  Quality, compression, file size, streaming…  Select appropriate format for each media  Media playback typically requires plug-ins  Will these be available to your users?

 Streaming improves delivery of large media files over the web 15 © Netskills Quality Internet Training, University of Newcastle