Transcript Document

VIETNAM CULTURE AND
SOCIETY
Huyen Nguyen
Jan 2012
Vietnam
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Au Lac – “country”
An Nam
Nam Viet
Vietnam – the Viets of the South
69.3%
• Population: 90,549,390
• Annual population growth rate
(2011): 1.077%
• Area: 331,698 km2
• Density: 259/km2
• 2nd in GMS; 3rd in ASEAN; 13th
in the World
Median age
total: 27.8 years
male: 26.8 years
female: 28.9 years (2011 est.)
Source: http://www.indexmundi.com/vietnam/demographics_profile.html
25.2%
5.5%
0-14 years
15-64 years
65 years and over
• 63 provinces and cities
• 54 ethnic minority groups
• Dominant culture: Kinh
• The largest ethnic minority groups include
the Hmong, Dao, Tay, Thai, and Nung
• Red river in the
north: 1149km,
starts from China, in
Vietnam 510 km
• Mekong river in the
south meet the
south china sea: 2
rivers and 220-250
km each – Hau
Giang & Tien Giang
Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam
Motto: Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc
"Independence – Freedom – Happiness"
Party flag
National flag
Emblem
• Capital: Hanoi
• Largest city: Ho Chi Minh City
• Official language: Vietnamese
• Official script: Vietnamese Alphabet
• Independence: September 2, 1945.
• New constitution: April 15, 1992
• Government structure:
– Single-party constitutional republic
(Communist Party).
• Communist government with a capitalist
economy
Political system
The Communist
Party of Vietnam
National Assembly
Government
Mass Organisations
CPV Province
Provincial People’s
Council
Provincial People’s
Committee
MO Province
CPV District
District People’s Council
District People’s
Committee
MO District
CPV Commune
Commune People’s
Council
Commune People’s
Committee
MO Commune
CPV Village
MO Village
CPV Hamlet
MO Hamlet
•Fatherland Front
•Labour Confederation
•Women’s Association
•Youth’s Union
•Red Cross
•Farmer’s Association
•Veterans’ Association
• Currency: VND Dong
• GDP (2010): $102 billion.
• Real growth rate (2010): 6.8%
• Per capita income (2010): $1,168
Source: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htm
38.33%
20.58%
41.09%
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
Industry and construction
Services
Source: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htm
*Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
rice, coffee, cashews, maize, pepper, sweet potato, pork,
peanut, cotton, & seafood products
Industry and construction
• mining and quarrying
• manufacturing
• electricity, gas, water
supply
• cement, phosphate
• steel
Source: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htm
Services
• Tourism
• wholesale and retail
• repair of vehicles
and personal goods
• hotel and restaurant
• transport storage
• telecommunications
Source: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htm
Trade (2010)
$ 84 billion
$71.6 billion
Exports
Principal exports
• crude oil
• garments/textiles
• Footwear
• fishery and seafood products
• rice, pepper, coffee & rubber
• wood products & handicrafts
Im port
Major export partners
•U.S
•EU
•ASEAN
•Japan
•China
•South Korea.
Major import partners
•China
•ASEAN
•Japan
•Taiwan
•South Korea
•EU
Source: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/4130.htm
Principal imports
• machinery
• oil and gas
• iron and steel
• garment materials
• plastics
• two World Natural Heritage sites: Halong
Bay and Phong Nha-Ke Bang National
Park
• six World biosphere reserves including:
Can Gio Mangrove Forest, Cat Tien, Cat
Ba, Kien Giang, Red River Delta, Western
Nghe An
The Kissing Rocks
around 1,553 km2
• Legend:
Lac Long Quan and Au Co
History
• The early days: earliest human habitation of
northern vietnam was about 500,000 years ago
• 1000 years of chinese domination: the chinese
conquered the red river delta in the 2nd century
BC (impose a centralised state system on the
vietnamese). Chinese rule ended in AD 938
• The coming of the europeans: the first
portuguese sailors came in 1516
• The French takeover: the France’s military in
Vietnam began in 1847
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Independence: 2 September 1945
Franco-Viet Minh war: 1946-1954
End of colonial rule: 7 May 1954
American War: 1960
Reunification: 1975
1986 Doi Moi (Economic reform), the first step
towards re-engaging with the West, is launched
• 2006: Join WTO
Beliefs
Land of many gods
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Buddhism
Taoism
Confucianism
Cao Dai
Hoa Hao Buddism
Catholics, Christians and Muslims
Ancestor worship
Cao Daism
• Founded in the early 1920s
• a fusion of various religious beliefs-one of
the world’s most unusual religions
• Two million followers
• Headquarter: Tay Ninh, 96km northwest of
HCMC
Hoa Hao Buddhism
• Founded in the Mekong Delta in 1939
• A reformed Buddhism
• Based on the common people and
embodied in personal faith rather than
elaborate rituals
• Approximately 1.5 millions
Ancestor worship
• Before the arrival of Confucianism or
Buddism
• Based on the belief that soul lives on after
death and becomes the protector of its
descendants.
• The vietnamese worship and honour the
spirits of their ancestors regularly,
especially on the anniversary of their
death
Wedding
Funeral
Family relationships
• Three generations
• Extended family
• Strong sense of collective responsibility
and mutual obligation
Tet
• Tet Nguyen Dan – Lunar New Year
• The most significant date in the Vietnamese
calendar. It’s a time when families reunite;
ancestral spirits are welcomed into the family
home
• The festival falls sometime between 19 January
and 20 February, same dates as Chinese new
year. The first three days after new year’s day
are the official holidays
Lunar calendar
12 zodiacal
animals –
represent one
year in a 12
year cycle
Public Holiday
• New Year’s Day
• Jan 1st - 1 day
• Lunar New Year’s
Days
• Anniversary of the
death of Hung
Vuong’s King
• 4 days
• Victory’s Day and
Labour’s Day
• Independence Day
• April 12th – 1 day
• April 30 and May 2 –
2 days
• Sept 2nd – 1 day
Rat (Ty)
Generous, social, insecure, idle
1984
Buffalo (Suu)
2001
2013
2002
2014
2003
2015
2004
2016
2005
2017
2006
2018
2007
2019
Humble, responsible, patient
1994
Pig (Hoi)
2012
Diligent, imaginative, needs attention
1993
Dog (Tuat)
2000
Confident, humorous, fickle
1992
Rooster (Dau)
2011
Charming, good with money, indecisive
1991
Monkey (Than)
1999
Emotional, clever, quick thinker
1990
Goat (Mui)
2010
Luxury seeking, secretive, friendly
1989
Horse (Ngo)
1998
Egotistical, strong, intelligent
1988
Snake (Ty)
2009
Timid, affectionate, amicable
1987
Dragon (Thin)
1997
Creative, brave, over bearing
1986
Cat (Mao)
2008
Stubborn, conservative, patient
1985
Tiger (Dan)
1996
Materialistic, Loyal and Honest
1995
Source: Lonely planet – Vietnam-9th Edition. Published Aug 2007 by Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd
Mid-Autumn Festival (Trung Thu)
• Fifteenth day of
the eighth
moon
• Moon cake:
lotus seeds,
watermelon
seeds, peanuts,
and duck eggs
Weather
• Winter monsoon: comes from the
northeast between October and March,
bringing damp and chilly winters to the
north and dry and warm temperatures to
the south
• Summer monsoon: From April or May to
October; hot, humid weather
• May, June and September are usually the
quietest months
Lake of the Returned Sword- Ho Guom
HO CHI MINH MAUSOLEUM
Ho Chi Minh – Uncle Ho
Ancient Capital
Terraces
Sand dune – Phan Thiet
Champa
Nha Trang