Public Acceptance of Nuclear Power

Ms Tellervo Taipale Programme Manager, Communication WANO Paris Centre Responsible energy Seminario ”Retos energéticos en el siglo XXI: la energia nuclear como paerte de la solucion” Santander, 22 July 2005 Teollisuuden Voima Oy

Ms Tellervo Taipale

Finnish Public Information Manager TVO, Olkiluoto NPP, for 7 years Communication Manager WANO Paris Centre since May 2004.

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World Association of Nuclear Operators Responsible energy Teollisuuden Voima Oy

Why did WANO begin?

After the accident at the Chernobyl NPP in 1986, nuclear operators world-wide realised that international cooperation was needed to ensure that such an accident can never happen again.

WANO was formed in 1989 by nuclear operators world-wide. Responsible energy Teollisuuden Voima Oy

The WANO Mission To maximise the safety and reliability of the operation of nuclear power plants by exchanging information and encouraging communication, comparison and emulation amongst its members.

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Introduction to the Finnish Nuclear Industry Responsible energy Teollisuuden Voima Oy

Nuclear Power Plants in Finland Olkiluoto NPP, TVO OL1 BWR 840 MW, 1978 OL2 BWR 840 MW, 1980 Both Westinghouse Atom Loviisa NPP, Fortum LO1 PWR 488 MW, 1977 LO2 PWR 488 MW, 1979 Responsible energy Olkiluoto

Helsinki

Loviisa Teollisuuden Voima Oy

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Teollisuuden Voima Oy, TVO TVO • Privately owned generating company • Personnel about 600 • Revenue some EUR 200 mill.

• Sells electricity only to the shareholders at cost basis • Two existing NPP units (OL1 and OL2, total annual output about 14 TWh) • Third NPP unit under construction (OL3).

Subsidiaries • Posiva Oy for Nuclear waste management • TVO Nuclear Services Oy for know-how consulting.

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Electric Power Supply in Finland 2004* Coal 18.2 % Oil 2.1 % Net imports 5.6 % Hydro 17.0 % Wind 0.1 % Peat 7.5 % Natural gas 11.6 % Biomass 11.7 % Waste 1.1 % *by energy sources.

In total 86.8 TWh.

Responsible energy Nuclear 25.1 % Teollisuuden Voima Oy

80 60 40 TWh 120 100 20 0 1930 Electricity Consumption in Finland 40 50 60 70 Statistic 80 90 Forecast 96 TWh 20 2000 2010 2020 0 80 60 40 TWh 120 106 TWh 100 Responsible energy Teollisuuden Voima Oy

Nuclear Waste Management

Government

Regulations

Teollisuuden Fortum Power Voima and Heat Ministry of Trade and Industry

Licensing

POSIVA STUK- Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority

Supervision

Research Institutes Universities Consultants, Contractors

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Current Nuclear Waste Management Nuclear waste  Low Level Waste (LLW)  Intermediate Level Waste (ILW)   Spent fuel Funds collected for future costs.

LLW and ILW  Underground repositories at the NPP sites.

Spent fuel  Interim storages at the NPP sites  Construction of the underground site started.

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Repository for LLW and ILW at Olkiluoto

Control building Transport tunnel Research tunnel Shaft Silo for LLW

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Excavation tunnel Silo for ILW

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Responsible energy How is a new NPP unit possible?

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Arguments for the new NPP Unit • Covers partly the additional electricity demand and replaces old power plants • Enables, together with renewables, the fulfilment of the Kyoto commitments • Secures stable and predictable electricity price • Reduces the dependence on electricity import Responsible energy Teollisuuden Voima Oy

Nuclear Licensing Process in Finland

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Ministry of Trade and Industry DECISION IN PRINCIPLE Government Parliament CONSTRUCTION PERMIT Government

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OPERATING LICENSE Government

Interest groups: • politicians • authorities and regulators • trade unions • public etc.

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Circulation of newspapers per 1,000 persons in different countries in 2001 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Finnish people are 3 rd in the world and 1 st in EU in reading newspapers.

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Number of mediahits Nov 2000 - July 2002 Number

6,000 5,000 5323 4,000 3681 3888 3,000 2,000 1,000 1884 1035 336 793 1260 898 780 702 294 346 494 383 532 375 1587 1983 1039 387 0 N ov em D be ec r em be Ja r nu ar Fe y br ua ry M ar ch A pr il M ay Ju ne Ju ly A ug S us ep t te m be O r ct ob N er ov em D be ec r em be Ja r nu ar Fe y br ua ry M ar ch A pr il M ay Ju ne Ju ly

Responsible energy Total number of mediahits 28,000 Lähde: Observer Teollisuuden Voima Oy

Milestones of the OL3 Project 2000-2009 • Application for Decision in Principle – Nov 2000, decision and ratification - May 2002 • Investment decision and plant contract – Dec 2003 • Start-up of site preparation – Dec 2003 • Construction licence – Feb 2005 • Start-up of civil construction – Spring 2005 • Start-up of installation – Autumn 2006 • Start-up of operation – Spring 2009.

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Acceptance of Nuclear Power 1982 - 2004

% 60 50 40 positive 46% 30 20 negative 25 % 10 0 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 19992000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Responsible energy Source: Suomen Gallup Oy / TNS Gallup Oy Finnish Energy Industries Federation Teollisuuden Voima Oy

Attitudes Towards the Use of Various Energy Forms in Electricity Generation in 2003

Wind power Wood/bioenergy Hydro power Natural gas Peat Nuclear power Coal Oil 6 5 0 % 66 46 43 21 40 37 11 86 82 7 28 29 32 63 5 52 9 3 2 28 12 4 3 3 4 9 11 16 15 26 20 % 40 % 60 % 80 % 100 %

Responsible energy Source: Finnish energy attitudes 2003

Increase Suitable Don't know Decrease

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Responsible energy Olkiluoto in 2009 Teollisuuden Voima Oy

Olkiluoto 3 unit • Supplier: Consortium Framatome ANP and Siemens • Reactor type: EPR (PWR) • Net electrical output 1,600 MW • Estimated annual production 13 TWh • Operating personnel 150 • Investment cost EUR 3 billion.

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Nuclear Waste Management in the future Responsible energy Teollisuuden Voima Oy

Final Disposal for Spent Fuel after 2020 Responsible energy Teollisuuden Voima Oy

Process for Final Disposal of Spent Fuel The application submitted to the Government in May 1999 • general hearing • statements requested Statements in November 1999 – January 2000 • about 20 statements of authorities and municipalities • statement of STUK • statement of the Eurajoki municipality (votes 20-7) Decisions • • decision of the Government in December 2000 ratification by the Parliament in May 2001 (votes 159-3).

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”It is safe to dispose of nuclear waste in the Finnish bedrock” – Opinions in the Whole Country

100 % 90 % 80 % 70 % 60 % % 50 % 40 % 30 % 20 % 10 % 0 % 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 disagree don't know agree

Responsible energy Teollisuuden Voima Oy

% 100 % 90 % 80 % 70 % 60 % 50 % 40 % 30 % 20 % 10 % 0 %

Responsible energy ”It is safe to dispose of nuclear waste in the Finnish bedrock” – Opinions at Eurajoki

disagree don't know agree

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Responsible energy Conclusions Teollisuuden Voima Oy

Tools for communication • • • • • Tools for communication Clear messages from different directions Keep it simple “Open doors policy” for visitors Information available for those who are interested Publications, Press Conferences and Press Releases, www sites etc.

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For Public Acceptance • • • • • • Public acceptance needs Trust Transparency Long term work Proper arguments, clear messages No accidents “Together for nuclear safety”, one of WANO slogans.

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Responsible energy Thank you for your attention Teollisuuden Voima Oy