Transcript The Historical Forms of Church Government

The Historical Forms of
Church Government
Forms of Church Government
• There are only three forms, with many
variations with each.
–Episcopal
–Presbyterian
–Congregational
Episcopalian
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Archbishop
Bishop
Rector
Congregation
Episcopalian Denominations
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Orthodox
Anglican
Roman Catholic
Methodist
Episcopalian: The Defense
• Church history
• The position and authority of
James in Acts 15
• Titus and Timothy’s role over
several churches
• It is not forbidden in the New
Testament
The Arguments Against
Episcopalianism
• In the New Testament, bishop is
not a distinct office but a synonym
for elder.
• There is no New Testament
evidence that bishops were
designed to replace the apostles.
Presbyterian
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General Assembly
Synod
Presbytery
Session/Consistory
Congregation
Presbyterian: The Denominations
• Presbyterians (PCA, OPC,
RPCNA, PCUSA, ARP, Split P,
etc.)
• Miscellaneous Reformed
Churches (RCA, CRC, etc.)
Presbyterian: The Defense
• The opportunity for gifted men to serve
beyond their local church
• A demonstration of the unity of the
Body of Christ
• The connection between ruling and
teaching in 1 Timothy 5:17
• The example of the Jerusalem Council
Acts 15)
• The command of Titus 1:5
The Arguments Against
Presbyterianism
• Scripture nowhere calls for elders to have authority
beyond their local flock.
• Acts 15 cannot be used to defend Presbyterianism:
– The apostles were present and in leadership
– The church at Antioch voluntarily requested
the help of the Jerusalem church
– The entire Jerusalem church sent the letter
(15:22)
– “If this narrative gives support to regional
government by elders, it therefore also gives
support to regional government by whole
congregations!” (Grudem)
Congregational
• Ultimate authority for each local church
resides within that church; each church
is completely autonomous.
• The Denominations
o Congregational
o Baptist
o Mennonite
o Evangelical Free
o Independents
The Many Faces of
Congregationalism
Single-Elder (Single-Pastor)
• Pastor
• Deacon Board
• Congregation
Corporate Board Model
• Church Board
• Pastor
• Congregation
Pure Democracy
Congregation
No Government but the Holy Spirit
• Congregation
Plural Local Elder
• Pastor and Elders are equal
• Congregation
The New Testament Passages
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Acts 11:30; 15:2,4,6,22,23; 16:4; 21:18
James 5:14
Acts 14:23
Acts 20:17
Acts 20:28
Philippians 1:1
Titus 1:5
1 Peter 5:1