Transcript Safe UAS/RPA Integration - Flight Safety Foundation

Shared Skies: Safe Integration
of Remotely Piloted Aircraft
Captain Sean Cassidy
1st Vice President
National Safety Coordinator
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Single High Level of Safety
Same high level of safety realized today must be
maintained with integrated UAS/RPA ops
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Magnitude of the Challenge
►Today: Approximately 7000 commercial
piloted aircraft in service in the US
►Current US RPA activity via COA/exp cert
►2035 US estimates (DOT Volpe report):
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14,000 DOD RPA
10,000 Federal Agency RPA
70,000 State/local RPA
175,000 Commercial RPA applications
►Micro (<4.5lb) Small (<55lb) Large (>55lb)
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Why is RPA Integration
Important?
To enable us to do things we don’t want to do right now
(dull, dirty, dangerous) without adverse safety impact
► Border patrol/surveillance
► Law enforcement
► Remote survey
► Hazardous commercial operations
 RMAX, Scan Eagle
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Minimum Safe Standards
From SC 228:
…In order to safely integrate these platforms into nonsegregated airspace, both a robust Detect and Avoid
(DAA) and robust and secure Command and Control
(C2) Data Link capability need to be established.
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) established
the Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration Office to
integrate Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) safely and
efficiently into the National Airspace System (NAS).
Estimated Timeline for Phase one MOPS (IFR operations
in Class A airspace): July 2016
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Beyond the MOPS
►Pilot training & certification
 Piloting skills
 Human Factors
 Licensing that reflects responsibilities
►Airplanes
 Maneuvering (ACAS, TAWS, Weather, ATC)
 Certification
►Operators
 SOP, training, maintenance, SMS
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Safe Integration Means Teamwork
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Safe Integration Means
Harmonization
2.9 Identifying the commonalities and
differences between manned and
unmanned aircraft is the first step
toward developing a regulatory framework
that will provide, at a minimum, an
equivalent level of safety for the
integration of UAS into non-segregated
airspace and at aerodromes
2.13 A key factor in safely integrating UAS
in non-segregated airspace will be their
ability to act and respond as
manned aircraft do….the performance (e.g.
transaction time and continuity of the
communications link) as well as the
timeliness of the aircraft’s response to ATC
instructions. Performance-based SARPs
may be needed for each of these aspects.
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Exporting the Flight Deck to the
Ground
►All the same functions
 Flight control
 Communications
 Visibility
►Very different environment
 Latency, lost link considerations
 “Gravitas” of remote piloting vs in aircraft
 Limited sensory input (no seat of the pants, no
smells, no “funny noises”)
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Qantas Flight 32
►3 of 4 engines failed/degraded
►54 ECAM messages
►Damaged wing, failed hydraulics
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Cyber Security
►Hacking
►Spoofing
►Jamming
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Physical Security
►Hijacking
►Sabotage
Air Line Pilots Association, International
UAS Timeline Challenges
►FMRA 2012: What is the actual
expectation for Sept 30, 2015?
►Small UAS Rule?
►Test sites: How do you evaluate
integrated operations while meeting
current safety standards?
►Relationship with Nextgen Requirements?
Air Line Pilots Association, International
Conclusion
►UAS/RPA have tremendous potential - a
matter of when, not if
►For RPA vs “traditional” aircraft, primary
distinction is where pilot sits
►Legislative deadlines often incompatible
with pace of regulatory & technical
development
►Stakeholder involvement, collaboration
critical
Air Line Pilots Association, International