Transcript Slide 1
Main Idea Jefferson tried to avoid involvement in the problems of other nations. Why It Matters Now British interference with the affairs of the United States led to the War of 1812. 1 England did not want the U.S. providing their enemies with supplies and food http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/locations/images/img0054a.jpg 2 The Americans wanted to trade with both the English and the French http://www.celebrations-nationwide.com/55897-18.jpg 3 IMPRESSMENT - is kidnapping, in this case from a ship on the ocean Britain impressed about 6,000 American sailors http://www.shippaintings.com/large_images/uss_constitution.JPG 4 EMBARGO ACT OF 1807 - stated no American ships could sail to foreign ports and all American ports were closed to British ships 5 The Embargo Act was a disaster - it hurt the U.S. economy badly What were the effects of Jefferson’s Embargo Act? Causes Effects Embargo Act Lost markets hurt farmers. Merchants lost sources of income. 6 JAMES MADISON wins the election of 1808. Congress had repealed the Embargo before he took office http://earlyamerica.com/portraits/images/madison.jpg 7 TECUMSEH Shawnee chief that organized local tribes against the U.S. government http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/catalogues/people/tecumseh.jpeg 8 The Native Americans and the British join forces after the Battle of Tippecanoe http://www.galafilm.com/1812/e/background/images/tippecanoe2-33.jpeg http://search.eb.com/elections/art/otippea001p4.jpg 9 WAR HAWKS wanted war with England (They were Westerners who wanted war!) http://www.kidzone.ws/animals/hawk.jpg 10 Reasons to FIGHT 1. U.S. is upset about the impressments on American sailors 10 2. U.S. is upset about the British stopping their ships at sea 10 3. U.S. is upset the British have joined forces with the Native Americans http://www.canadianheritage.org/images/regular/20305.jpg 11 On June 18, 1812 the United States declares war on England http://www.reformation.org/war-of-1812.enh.jpg • How did the British and French interfere with American shipping? • How did Jefferson respond to the interference? • Why did the War Hawks favor war? http://www.shippaintings.com/age_of_sail.htm • How did the British and French interfere with American shipping? • How did Jefferson respond to the interference? • Why did the War Hawks favor war? 1 War of 1812 had 2 phases: 1) 1812 to 1814 – England concentrated on defeating the French and paid little attention to U.S. 1 2) After April of 1814 the British defeated the French and turned their focus to the US What military events occurred in the first phase and the second phase of the War of 1812? FIRST PHASE SECOND PHASE Americans win important victories on the high seas. British fail to capture Baltimore. Perry defeats British fleet on Lake Erie. Jackson’s army defeats British forces at the Battle of New Orleans. Image American fleet defeats British fleet on Lake Champlain. British also involved in a war with France. 2 The American army and navy was very weak at the start of the war 3 OLIVER HAZZARD PERRY was an American naval commander in charge of U.S. ships in the Great Lakes OLIVER HAZZARD PERRY IN BATTLE OF THAMES OLIVER HAZZARD PERRY IN BATTLE OF THAMES 4 BATTLE OF THAMES was an important victory for the Americans for two reasons 4 1) The American victory put an end to the British threat in Northwest United States 4 2) Tecumseh was killed in the battle 5 FRANCIS SCOTT KEY wrote the National Anthem as he watched the attack on Fort McHenry AMERICAN FLAG AT FORT Mc FORT McHENRY Original copy of the National Anthem Written by Francis Scott Key as watch the Battle at Fort McHenry 6 The hero of the BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS was GENERAL ANDREW JACKSON BATTLE OF NEW ORLEA BATTLE OF NEW ORLEA 7 TREATY OF GHENT ended the War of 1812 Basically there was no clear winner and many trade disputes were still unsettled SIGNING THE TREATY OF ORIGINAL COPY OF THE TREATY OF GHENT 8 Results of the War of 1812: 1) Increased American patriotism 8 2) Weakened Native Americans against the United States 8 3) American trade was expanded and more manufacturing followed the war 8 4) America proved it could defend itself against a major world power • What was the state of the U.S. military when the war began? • What were the results of General Harrison’s victory at the Battle of the Thames? • Where did the British focus their attacks during the second phase of the war?