Transcript Graduate Teaching Assistance (GTAs) Understanding the

AgrAbility Webinar Series
Cultural Competency
Overview
Maria G. (Lupita) Fabregas Janeiro
[email protected]
Thursday September 25, 2014
BASIC WEBINAR INSTRUCTIONS
• Need speakers or headphones to hear the
presentation. No phone connection.
• Check sound via Meeting > Audio Setup Wizard
• Questions about presentation
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Type into chat window and hit return.
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During the Q & A period, if you have a web
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Basic Webinar Instructions
• 4 quick survey questions
• Session recorded and archived with
PowerPoint files at
www.agrability.org/OnlineTraining/archived along with resource
materials
• Problems: use chat window or email
[email protected]
Known Webinar Issues
• Echo
– Check to see if you are logged in twice
• Disconnection with presenters
– Hang on – we’ll reconnect as soon as
possible
• Disconnection with participants
– Log in again
• AgrAbility: USDA-sponsored program that
assists farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural
workers with disabilities.
– Partners land grant universities with disability services
– Organizations. Currently 20 projects covering 22
states
– National AgrAbility Project: Led by Purdue’s Breaking
New
– Ground Resource Center. Partners include:
•
•
•
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Goodwill of the Finger Lakes
The Arthritis Foundation, Heartland Region
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Colorado State University
– More information available at www.agrability.org
Learning Outcome
Gain understanding of the importance of
developing awareness of cultural differences
and understanding how to best meet unique
needs will make us better providers and
advocates for those we serve.
Realities….
• Monoculture environments do not exist in
modern society.
• WE are expected to be an intercultural
competent professional & serve the entire
population in our state.
What is Culture?
Culture is what we are!!!!
Beliefs, customs, arts, language, ways of
life and thinking, behaving, geographic
location, etc.
Cultural
Differences….
Anything that you
easily perceive by
interacting with
people.
The
Iceberg
Values and Beliefs…
Things that we can not easily
perceive
Peterson, 2004
What is a Multicultural Environment
(ME)?
Multicultural Environment. Includes
people from different genders, ages,
races, ethnicities, economic status,
sexual orientations, countries of origin,
languages, nationalities, abilities.
But also includes….
People from different generations, levels
of education, and people who were born
and raised in rural and/or urban
environments. People who have had
different opportunities.
IMPORTANT!!!
Being in a Multicultural Environment is
not the same as knowing how to work in
a Diverse Society
Diversity
“Knowing how to relate to those qualities
and conditions that are different from our
own and outside the groups to which we
belong”
Iowa State University. College of Liberal Arts
http://www.las.iastate.edu/about-the-college/diversity/
Intercultural Competence
Ability to effectively interact with
people from other cultures
(More definitions in http://www.nccccurricula.info/culturalcompetence.html;
& Moran, R. T., Abramson, N. R. & Moran, S. V. 2014. Managing cultural differences. 9th Ed. Routledge: New York)
What should be our goal becoming
Intercultural Competent?
Feel good interacting with people from other
cultures.
Make people from other cultures feel good
when you are working with them, so they can
receive your message.
How can we develop our intercultural
competence?
Copyright 2007, 2009 . Mitchell R. Hammer, PhD
Orientations
• Denial
• I only recognize what I can see!
• They look different!
• I love to see different people walking around!
• Polarization
• I am not like them…I am not part of that group.
• They are who they are and I am who I am. We are not the
same.
• I find myself judging and criticizing people from different
cultures.
• I believe that things are going to change (and be better)
when “they” learn the RIGHT way to get things done here.
• I know how to deal with this issue. I will get over this
situation.
Adapted from Bennett, M. J. (1986). A developmental approach to training for intercultural sensitivity. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 10, 179-195.
Bennett, M. J. (1993). Towards ethnorelativism: A developmental model of intercultural sensitivity. In R. M. Paige (Ed.), Education for the intercultural experience
(pp. 21-71). Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press.
Hammer \, M. (2012). The Intercultural Development Inventory: A new frontier in assessment and development of intercultural competence. In M. Vande Berg, R.
M.,Paige, & K. H. Lou (Eds.), Student Learning abroad (Cha. 5, pp. 115-136). Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing.
Orientation
• Minimization
– When I have the opportunity to interact with people from other
cultures and I always find that we have a lot of things in
common.
– I am glad I do not have to make any effort to fit in! We are the
same!!!!!
• Acceptance
– I know that we share a lot of things but also I find differences.
– I understand that there is no right or wrong, we are just
different.
– I admire a lot of things people from other cultures do.
– I am learning to accept our cultural differences.
Adapted from Bennett, M. J. (1986). A developmental approach to training for intercultural sensitivity. International Journal of Intercultural
Relations, 10, 179-195.
Bennett, M. J. (1993). Towards ethnorelativism: A developmental model of intercultural sensitivity. In R. M. Paige (Ed.), Education for the
intercultural experience (pp. 21-71). Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press.
Hammer \, M. (2012). The Intercultural Development Inventory: A new frontier in assessment and development of intercultural competence. In M.
Vande Berg, R. M.,Paige, & K. H. Lou (Eds.), Student Learning abroad (Cha. 5, pp. 115-136). Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing.
Our Goal should be….
Move to the acceptance Level of the
continuum
Copyright 2007, 2009 . Mitchell R. Hammer, PhD
Why…
Because we need to serve the
entire population in our State
So….What can we do?
Where should we start?
1. Understanding OUR
Culture
Work in your Culture Profile
Johns Hopkins. University of Medicine. Diversity Leadership Council. Retrieved from http://web.jhu.edu/dlc/resources/diversity_wheel/
American Culture
Language
Sports
Religion
Food
Style
Holidays
2. Learning about
other Cultures
World Cultural Profiles
Lewis Model
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Of+Cultural+Types+Lewis+Model&Form=IQFRDR#vi
ew=detail&id=BE559D14FF486F12EE3885D5FC90A75FCE2D6252&selectedIndex=12
Cultures’ Characteristics
Genders
Females
Males
Intuitive
Global Thinkers
Collective approach (all the elements)
Focus one problem at a time
Separate themselves from the problems
Lineal or sequential perspective.
Recall memories that have strong emotional Recall memories associated with
components
competition of physical activities
Women validate relationship through
communication, dialogue and intimate
sharing, emotional content and personal
perspective.
Men validate relationships through shared
activities, as sports, competition, outdoor
activities or sexual activities
copyright 1999-2000 Michael G. Conner
Conner, M. G. Undersetting the difference between men and women. Retrieved from
http://oregoncounseling.org/ArticlesPapers/Documents/DifferencesMenWomen.htm
Age and Generations
Generation
Birth Year
% of the Workforce
Traditionalist
(Matures, Silents,
Schwarzkopfs)
1922-1945
5%
Baby Boomers
(Boomers)
1946-1964
38%
Generation Xers
(Xers, Post Boomers)
1965-1980
32%
Millennials
(Generation Y, Nexters,
Echos)
1981-1999
25%
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012 & Traditionals to Millennials: Learning and Working Together. Ken
Eastman, Dean Spears School of Business. Oklahoma State University. Conference Presentation.
Culture and Social Class
According to Gabrenya:
“We are all of and in social Class”
Research Skills for Psychology Majors: Everything you need to know to get started. Culture and social class.
Retrieved from http://my.fit.edu/~gabrenya/social/readings/ses.pdf
Rural vs. Urban Life
Rural
Urban
Close and direct contact with the nature
(rain, heat, drought, frost, etc.)
Greater isolation from nature (artificial
environment)
Not a great variety of occupations
Great variety of occupations
Size of the communities is very small
Size of the communities is large
More homogeneous in social, racial and
psychological traits
More heterogeneous than rural.
Slow social mobility
Intensive social mobility
Social solidarity or cohesiveness and unity Social solidarity is less stronger than rural,
are stronger/greater than urban. Strong
dissimilarities, division of labor,
sense of belonging and unity.
interdependence, specialization,
impersonal, less sense of belonging.
Standard of living is low
Standard of living is high
My agriculture information bank. Retrieved from http://agriinfo.in/?page=topic&superid=7&topicid=568
3. Creating your Personal Cultural
Developmental Plan
(Who is your cultural targeting group?
What are your cultural stress points?)
U.S. Population 2012
Population Distribution by Race/Ethnicity. Retrieved fromhttp://kff.org/other/state-indicator/distribution-byraceethnicity/
Other Groups
• Migrant Workforce & Minority Farmers
• Amish & Mennonites
• Veterans
My Advice
1. Learn about their Culture.
2. Approach them (show them that you care!).
3. Build a relationship (Relationship over Task!).
4. Identify aspects that you “admire” from that
specific culture.
5. Identify commonalities and cultural
difference.
Farm Workers
• Migrant Farm Workers: Our Nation’s Invisible
Population:
- Between 1-3 million migrants
- Average age 31 years
- Single men or left their families
behind
- 52 out of every 100 are unauthorized
workers with no legal status in the
United States
http://www.extension.org/pages/9960/migrant-farmworkers:-our-nations-invisible-population#.VCGeHdEtC70
Amish
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Adult or “believers”, baptism
The church as a covenant community
Exclusion of errant members from communion
Literal obedience to the teachings of Christ
Refusal to swear oaths
Rejection to violence
Social separation from the evil world.
Kraybil. D. B. 2001. The riddle of Amish culture.
The Johns Hopkins University Press. Baltimore.
Mennonites
• Mennonites religious culture requires isolation
and autonomy from the government.
• Mennonites survive due to their economic power.
• Mennonites are the most significant group of non
- resistant.
• Mennonites abstaining from voting, repudiation
of infant baptism, oaths, law-suits, civil officeholding and the bearing of arms.
https://www.wordnik.com/words/Mennonites
Airhart, P. D. & Bendroth, M. A. Faith traditions and the family. Westminster John Knox Press: Kentucky
Veterans Challenges
•
•
•
•
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Health inequalities and disparities.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
Depression.
Transition to civilian life.
Physical and mental injuries from war.
Brown, N. D. 2008. Transition from the Afghanistan and Iraqi battlefields to home: an overview of selected war wounds and
the federal agencies assisting soldiers regain their health. PubMed.gov. Retrieved from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18717300
Hobbs, K. 2008. Reflections on the culture of veterans. PubMed.gov. Retrieved from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18717299
Always
Remember…
Each
one of
us...sees
the
world
with
different
eyes
That is why…We need to respect the Differences!
Summarizing
1. Understand your Culture
2. Learn about other Cultures
3. Create your Personal Cultural Developmental
Plan
Gracias
Thank You
Merci
Danke
धन्यवाद
Gracies
Obrigado
ขอบคุณ
Ekusheh
Salamat