Transcript Slide 1

Why should you work hard to
learn algebra when the type
of problems in this book are
not likely to be done in your
life?
Knowledge
http://www.kk.org/thetechnium/archives/2008/10/the_expansion_o.php
Knowledge
http://www.kk.org/thetechnium/archives/2008/10/the_expansion_o.php
US population Graph
World Population Graph
Gini Coefficient
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gini_coefficient
Consequences of Wealth Disparity
Income Inequality and Homicides (r = 0.47, p = 0.02)
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Income Alternative Poverty Estimates in the United States: 2003, Report P60, n. 227, Tables B-1 and B-3, pp. 18, 20.
Consequences of Wealth Disparity
Income Inequality and Social Mobility (r = 0.93, p < 0.01)
http://www.globalissues.org/article/4/poverty-around-the-world#WorldBanksPovertyEstimatesRevised
Health Care
http://ucatlas.ucsc.edu/spend.php
Prison Population
National Debt
US Peak oil
240,000,000
14
220,000,000
12
200,000,000
10
180,000,000
8
160,000,000
6
140,000,000
4
120,000,000
2
100,000,000
0
80,000,000
U.S. Field Production of Crude Oil (Million Barrels Per Day )(L)
U.S. Consumption of Crude Oil (Million Barrels Per Day )(L)
US Population(R)
US Population
16
Mar-2023
260,000,000
Jul-2009
18
Oct-1995
280,000,000
Feb-1982
20
Jun-1968
300,000,000
Oct-1954
22
Jan-1941
320,000,000
May-1927
24
Sep-1913
Quantity (Million Barrels Per Day)
U.S. Crude Oil Daily Production and Consumption
and US Population
World Oil peak
World Oil Production and Consumption
http://www.eia.doe.gov
90
85
Million Barrels of Oil per Day
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
Production
1990
1995
Consumption
2000
2005
2010
Oil Discoveries
Source: www.aspo-ireland.org
Source: www.aspo-ireland.org
http://www.energybulletin.net/primer.php
Summary of Oil production Status
• Of the 65 largest oil producing countries,
54 have passed their peak
Driving Mileage
http://www.project.org/info.php?recordID=443
Natural Gas
http://www.theoildrum.com/story/2006/11/27/61031/618
Coal
Appalachia Coal – Peak in 1940
http://steveaustinlex.wordpress.com/2010/01/27/you%E2%80%99ve-met-peak-oil-welcome-peak-coal/
World Peak Coal
Study Concludes “Peak Coal” Will Occur Close to 2011
2 August 2010
A multi-Hubbert analysis of coal production by Tadeusz
Patzek at The University of Texas at Austin and Gregory
Croft at the University of California, Berkeley concludes
that the global peak of coal production from existing
coalfields will occur close to the year 2011.
After 2011, the production rates of coal and CO2 decline,
reaching 1990 levels by the year 2037, and reaching
50% of the peak value in the year 2047. It is unlikely that
future mines will reverse the trend predicted in this
business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, according to the
study, which was published in the journal Energy.
http://www.greencarcongress.com/2010/08/peakcoal-20100802.html
Electric Energy Production distribution
of sources
http://www.iea.org/Textbase/stats/pdf_graphs/USELEC.pdf
EROEI
http://www.theoildrum.com/node/3786
To Replace Non-Renewable Energy
with Renewable Energy
• Produce 100 square meters of
photovoltaic cells every second for 25
years
• Install 50 square meters of mirrors for
solar thermal every second for 25 years
• Build one 3-megawatt wind turbine (100
meter diameter) every 5 minutes for next
25 years
What is needed to achieve this?
• Build a 3 gigawatt nuclear plant every week for the
next 25 years (US has 8-10 planned for next
decade)
• Bring a 300 MW steam turbine on line (for
geothermal) every day for the next 25 years.
• For biofuels, fill an olympic sized swimming pool
with genetically engineered algae every second for
the next 25 years. This would be approximately
like covering Wyoming with the algae.
An Effort equivalent to Retooling for
WWII
• GM and Ford combined could make 1 wind turbine
every 5 minutes
• Nokia, Intel, AMD, Apple could produce the
necessary photovoltaic cells
• Coke and Pepsi in 10 years could make enough
solar thermal mirrors using the aluminum that
would be used for cans to produce 2 TW of power.
• Necessary land area for all of this would be the 7th
largest country in the world (between Australia and
India).
Nuclear Fusion
• Combining nuclei of smaller atoms to
make larger atoms, thereby releasing
energy.
• This is what happens with stars
• No radioactive or carbon waste.
• Potentially 20 or more years from being
viable
Nuclear Fusion
The NIF & Photon Science Principal Directorate is one of five
directorates at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in
Livermore, California. The directorate operates the National Ignition Facility
(NIF), the world´s largest and highest–energy laser, which has the goal of
achieving nuclear fusion and energy gain in the laboratory for the first time
– in essence, creating a miniature star on Earth.
A technician inspects a final optics assembly on the NIF target chamber.
Water Resources
http://webworld.unesco.org/water/ihp/db/shiklomanov/part'3/HTML/Fi_21.html
1950
Thousand Cubic Meters per year per capita
2010
Fig. 28. Water availability by natural-economic regions of the world: 1950 - 2025.
Climate Change
http://www.global-greenhouse-warming.com/graphs-diagrams-of-global-warming-and-climate.html
Ocean Acidification
Figure 1: Changes in Sea-Surface pH from Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions (pre-industrial to 1990s)
Note: Lower pH indicates greater acidity (see Box 1: Understanding the pH Scale)
Source: Pacific Science Association, 2007
http://earthtrends.wri.org/updates/node/245
Plastic Pollution
September 4, 2009--Tangled with
plastic, rope, and various aquatic
animals, a "ghost net" drifts in August
2009 in the Eastern Pacific Garbage
Patch, a loose, free-floating "dump"
twice the size of Texas.
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/09/photogalleries/pacific-garbage-patch-pictures/index.html
Marine Fisheries
You are part of the Keystone
Generation
Sample Production Curv e f or any Non-renewable Resource
1880
1900
1920
1940
1960
1980
2000
2020
2040
2060
2080
2100
2120
We are the Keystone Generation
Sample Production Curv e f or any Non-renewable Resource - On a 4000 y ear time line
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
The Keystone Generation needs to
understand the current situation and develop
solutions. This requires mathematical
knowledge of which Algebra is the base.
Other, more personal motivators
• You chose to attend college to gain knowledge.
• The ability to reason quantitatively is critical in our
technological world.
• Getting a job to support your family is very
competitive. What would make someone hire a
person with insufficient mathematical skills or work
ethic when there are plenty of people with the skills
and willingness to work?
Other, more personal motivators
• Algebra skills are assumed knowledge in
college math classes.
• Consider that if you don’t work hard and
learn the concepts this time, you will have
to pay for the class again and eventually
work hard enough to be successful
anyway.