Transcript Diapositiva 1 - University of Massachusetts Boston

Wikispace
Graphic
Design
Graduate Student:
Bertha Lucia Fries
July 2006
C
C
T
Graphic x: Critical Thinking Dispositions
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
1.
Analyzing
argum ents
2. Asking
and
answering
questions of
clarification
and/or
challenge
3. Judging
the
credibility
of a
source
4. Observing
and judging
observation
reports
5. Deducing
and judging
deductions
6. Inducing
and
judging
inductions
Focusing
on a
question
11.
Interacting
with others
10.
Deciding
on an
action
9. Identifying
assumptions
8. Defining
terms and
judging
definitions in
three
dim ensions
(form ,
definitional
strategy,
content)
7. Making
value
judgm ents
Graphic x: Focusing on a question
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Disposition to
think broadly
and
adventurously
Disposition
to be curious
and
questioning
Disposition
to reason
clearly and
carefully
Tendencies
toward
distinct
patterns of
thinking
behaviors
Disposition
to give
thinking time
Disposition
to organize
oneÕs
thinking
Graphic x: Tendencies toward distinct of thinking behaviors
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Causal argument is reasoning which
purpose to test whether A causes B
Caused
A
Cured
B
Prevented
Graphic x: Establishing Causality
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
The situation is one we have an interest
in controlling the cause
Could cause
A
Did cause
B
Does cause
Graphic x: All causal
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Making a
specific
prediction based
on a general
principle
believed to be
true.
Forming a general
theory of explanation
based on specific
observations that have
been made previously.
DEDUCTION
INDUCTION
Graphic 4: Deduction and Induction
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
¿¿¿¿????
IDEAS
METACOGNITION
Is our ability to know what we know and what we don’t know
Graphic 6: Metacognition
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Sins of
omission: fail to
bring to mind a
desired fact or
idea.
SEVEN
SINS OF
MEMORY
Transience
Absent-mindedness
Blocking
Sins of
comission:
some form of
memory is
present, but it is
either incorrect
or unwarranted.
Misattribution
Suggestibility
Bias
Persistence
Graphic 8: Seven sins of memory
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
11:00 Ask questions
10:00 Re-conceptualize
9:00 Strategic thinking
8:00 Recognize your
assumptions
7:00 Listen
6:00 Gain knowledge
1:00 Have a voice
2:00 Consider other pespectives
3:00 Be open
4:00 Utilize help
5:00 Question the experts
Graphic 10: The Novice Sage Manifesto
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
0:01 What’s interesting or helpful
about the view? What are some
intriguing features that others might
not have noticed?
0:05 Under what conditions
might this idea actually be
true?
METHODOLOGICAL
BELIEF
0:04 How would the
world work differently if
this were true?
0:02 What are some intriguing
features that others might not
have noticed?
0:03 What would you notice
if you believed this view?
Graphic 11: Methodological Belief
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Verbal/Linguistic
Intelligence
Understanding
order and
meaning of
words
Convincing
someone of
a course of
action
Capacites
involved
Explaining,
teaching and
learning
“Metalinguistic”
analysis
Humor
Memory
and
recall
Graphic 12a: Multiple Intelligences: Verbal/Linguistic
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Logical/Mathematical
Intelligence
Capacities
involved
Abstract
pattern
recognition
Inductive
reasoning
Deductive
reasoning
Discerning
relationships
and
connections
Scientific
reasoning
Performing
complex
calculations
Graphic 12b: Multiple Intelligences: Logical Mathematical
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Visual/Spatial
Intelligence
Capacities
involved
Active
imagination
Forming
mental images
Finding your
way in space
Imagine
manipulations
Graphic
representation
Accurat
e
percepti
on from
different
angles
Recognizing
relationships
of objects in
space
Graphic 12c : Multiple Intelligences: Visual Spatial
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Body/Kinesthetic
Intelligence
Capacities
involved
Control
voluntary
movements
Control of
preprogrammed
movements
Improved
body
functioning
Mimetic
abilities
Expanding
awareness
through the
body
The mind and
body
connection
Graphic 12d: Multiple Intelligences: Body/ Kinesthetic
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Musical/Rhytmist
Intelligence
Capacities
involved
Appreciation
for the
structure of
music
“Schemas” or
“frames” in the
mind for hearing
music
Sensitivity
to sounds
Sensing
characteristic
qualities of a
tone
Recognition,
creation, and
reproduction of
melody/rhythm
Graphic 12e : Multiple Intelligences: Musical/Rhytmist
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Interpersonal
Intelligence
Effective
verbal/non-verbal
communication
Sensitivity to
other’s moods,
temperaments,
motivations and
feelings
Capacities
involved
Creating and
maintaining
synergy
Working
cooperatively
in a group
Ability to
discern other’s
underlying
intentions and
behavior
“Passing over”
into the
perspective of
another
Graphic 12f: Multiple Intelligences: Interpersonal
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Intrapersonal
Intelligence
Capacities
involved
Concentration
of the mind
Higher-order
thinking and
reasoning
Mindfulness
Metacognition
Awareness
and expression
of different
feelings
Transpersonal
sense of the
self
Graphic 12g: Multiple Intelligences Intrapersonal
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Analytically
Three
Aspects of
Successful
Intelligence
Practically
Creatively
Graphic 13: Three Aspects of Successful Intelligence
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
10. Conduct
SelfAssessment
9. Communicate
the Results
8. Generate
Solutions and
Recommendations
7. Reiterate
Learning
6. Analyze
Results
5. Investigate
the problem
4. Map Problem
finding:
prioritize a
problem
3. Pursue
problem
finding
2. Ask IPF
questions
1. Encounter
an ill-defined
problem
Graphic 14: Ten Steps to PBL
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Propose a
“Camelot”
Bounce ideas off
someone else
Draw the
problem
Squeeze and stretch
the problem
Make a fishbone
diagram
Preface questions in
ways that stimulate
thinking
Question assumptions
De-center from the
situation
Make a flow map
Identify patterns or
relationships
The following strategies are
useful in problem finding
and promote multiple
intelligence thinking and
increase the quality and
quantity of problem finding
outcomes.
Make a bubble map
Make an attribute list
Brainstorm problem
possibilities
Create a problem
possibility web
Generate non-obvious
possibilities
Make a complaint list
Redefine the
problem
Make a WhyWhy Diagram
Think metaphorically
Graphic 15: Problem Finding Strategies
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Yellow Hat: This is an attitude that
moves ahead of a situation with
positive hope.
White Hat: Just the facts
please!
Red Hat: Wearing this hat permits
the thinker to say, "This is how I feel
about the matter."
Green Hat: A creative,
lateral thinker.
Blue Hat: This is the
"control" hat.
Black Hat: This hat is specifically
concerned with negative
assessment.
Graphic 16: Six Thinking Hats
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Yellow Hat: This is an attitude that
moves ahead of a situation with
positive hope.
Graphic 16a: Yellow Hats
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
White Hat: Just the facts
please!
Graphic 16b: White Hat
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Red Hat: Wearing this hat permits
the thinker to say, "This is how I feel
about the matter."
Graphic 16c: Red Hat
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Green Hat: A creative,
lateral thinker.
Graphic 16d: Green Hat
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Blue Hat: This is the
"control" hat.
Graphic 16e: Blue Hat
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Black Hat: This hat is specifically
concerned with negative
assessment.
Graphic 16f: Black Hat
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Table Scamper Technique
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
S
ubstitute?
who else, what else, other ingredient, materials, places?
C
ombine?
how about a blend? combine units? combine purpose?
A
dapt?
what else is like this? what other idea does this suggest?
M
odify?
new twist? change meaning, color, motion, sound, odor, form,
shape? what to add? more time? greater frequency? higher,
longer, thicker?
M
inify?
subtract, divide, eliminate, shorten, simplify, etc.
M
agnify?
enlarge, multiply, add, increase, exaggerate, etc.
P
ut to
Other Uses?
new ways to use as is? other uses if modified? other places to
use?
E
liminate?
what to subtract? smaller? condensed? miniature? lower?
shorter? lighter? omit? streamline? understate?
earrange?
interchange components? reverse? other patterns? other
layout? other sequence? transpose cause and effect?
Transpose positive and negative? how about opposites? turn it
backward? turn it upside down? reverse roles?
R
Brainstorming
story ideas
Generatin
g plot
lines
Fleshing
out
characters
MIND
MAPPING
FOR
WRITERS
Organizing
store details
Making decisions
(plot, characters,
technique)
Graphic 18: Mind Mapping for Writers
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
 Facilitate the
growth of the group.
 Reminds the
group of time
schedules and agreed
upon norm s of
behavior and
maintains decorum.
 Create agendas.
 Define the role
 Resources
required.
 The m ethod of
recording decision
and inform ation and
by whom.
 Meeting form at.
 Process for
dealing with conflict.
 Process for
asking. a member
Graphic 27: Chairperson
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Graphic 22: Secrets for Better Brainstorming
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Graphic 28: Dream The Life You Imagine
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Graphic 23 b: Write and Pass
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Guidelines for Teamwork
1.Get learners actively
involved.
2.Have members work
cooperatively.
3.Respect diverse talents.
4.Emphasize time on task.
5.Provide prompt feedback on
performance.
6.Empower members to have
a role in the assessment.
7.Work in an environment that
expects success.
8.Have frequent and rich
leader-member interaction.
9.Develop awareness for
problem solving.
Graphic 25: Guidelines for Teamwork
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
1. Set the
Container
2. Suspend
Judgment
4. Listen w ith
Empathy
11. Balance
10. Respect
GUIDELINES
FOR
DIA LO GUE
9. Listen
Without
Resistance
8. Allow for
Diversity
3. Listen
5. Find and Use
Your Authentic
Voice
7. Express Opinion
Based on
Observations and
Experience
6. Tell the Truth
As You See It
Graphic 20: Guidelines for Dialogue
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Idea
Idea
Idea
Idea
Graphic 23a: Free-Writing
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Non stop
Hum or and playfulne s s
f inding
:
the f un in
learning, manipulating ideas in w himsical
w ays to gain insight and perspective.
Tole r ation of am biguity:
ability to delay
closure, def er judgment, asking such
questions as Òhow else can this be
interpreted?Ó
Pe r sis te nce Òstick-to:
itive-nessÓ, motivation to
learn and f ind out.
Vie w ing e r r ors as s te ppings tone s :recognizing how
errors can lead to new
learning and understanding.
The r ight e nvir onm e nt = ide a e xploration!
Ope n-m inde dne s sw: illingness to consider
a w ide variety of belief s.
Inte lle ctual cur ios ity
: asking
interesting questions, delighting in
new experiences, liking to probe
and being informed.
Inte lle ctual hone s ty:
accepting
statements as true even w hen they
donÕt agree w ith oneÕs position.
Re s pe ct for othe r vie w points
:
w illingness to admit being w rong;
revising oneÕs ow n ideas to
incorporate those of others.
Graphic 19: Idea Exploration
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Itemized response: State what you
recognize as valuable in an idea, not the
flaws or weaknesses. Then you try to build it
up and strengthen it.
Absurdity Drill: Start with a real problem
that hasn’t been solved. Others come up
with an absurd idea to solve it. The first
person retorts with an itemized response as
well as concerns about the ‘absurd’ idea.
VOICE…
Graphic 21: Tool to Promote Listening and
Communication
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries
Know how
to cope
creatively
w ti h
conflict in a
group.
Know the
role of the
chairperso
n and be
skilled in
playing
that role
for the
group.
Know how to
cope
eff ectively
w ti h dif ficult
behaviors.
Know how
to convert a
group into a
team.
Know
yourself ,
your
strengths.
your
weaknesses
and your
preferences
and become
comfortable
w ti h
yourself .
Value the
diversity in
others.
Know and
apply the
fundamental
underpinnings
of
interpersonal
relations.
Know the
attributes of
groups to
know how
you function
in a group.
Be a good
empathetic
communicator.
Graphic 21: Become Effective
Design: Bertha Lucía Fries