Transcript Introduction to BIM

Session S101
Introduction to BIM – GIS
Integration
John Przybyla, PE, GISP,
Woolpert, Inc.
National Institute of Building
Sciences
National Institute of
• 1974 - Public Law 93-383, Sect. 809
Building Sciences
– Bridge between Private and Public Construction
– Non-governmental – Unique 501c3 Organization
– Unique in that it represents all disciplines in industry
• Architects, Engineers, Contractors, Insurers, Unions, Manufacturers, Legal,
Housing, Vendors, Owners, Consumers, State & Federal Government, Codes &
Standards, and Testing
– buildingSMARTalliance is a council of the Institute
– Formerly International Alliance for interoperability
• NIBS Related Products –
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Construction Criteria Base
Whole Building Design Guide
National CAD Standard
National BIM Standard
An Authoritative Source of Innovative Solutions for the Built
Environment
buildingSMARTalliance Relationships
NIBS
Board of
Directors
buildingSMART
International
NIBS President
Board of Direction
buildingSMART alliance™ Staff
Alliance Programs
External and Internal Projects
Projects
From all members
of the Alliance
External and Internal Projects
Sponsors and Members
The Alliance
Vision
• A global environment where all participants can readily
and transparently share, apply and maintain
information about facilities and infrastructure to
enhance quality and economy of design, construction,
operation and maintenance
Mission
• Improve all aspects of the facility and infrastructure
lifecycle by promoting collaboration, technology,
integrated practices, and open standards
buildingSMARTalliance BIM-GIS Project
http://www.buildingsmartalliance.org/projects/activeprojects/27
Elements of the Project Charter
• Spatial awareness across AEC lifecycle is defined to be
critical requirement
– Inside and outside of a building
• Identify and define requirements where convergence
between geospatial and building information across the
building lifecycle is needed
• Review and where possible adapt geospatial standardsbased workflows that meet requirements, save time and
effort where convergence exists
• Identify existing standards that are ready for immediate
testing for candidate status
BIM-GIS Project Focus
• How can BIM applications and information seamlessly
interact with geospatial information during across the
lifecycle process to address requirements related to site
conditions and surroundings?
• How can BIM and geospatial applications be used to
communicate campus-wide information requirements for
lifecycle facility management and operations?
• How can 3-D CAD and geospatial portrayal services
facilitate modeling in campus-wide and facility
perspectives for as-is BIM model and further extension
for planning or design activities?
Committee Members
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Deke Smith
Earle Kennett
Bill East
John Messner
Dennis Shelden
Calvin Kam
Mitch Schefcik
Chris Andrews
Paul Cote
Don Kuehne
John Young
Niels LaCour
Alexander Stepanov
Eric Wittner
Louis Hecht
Russ Manning
Renee Tietjen
Jason Combs
Scott McFarlane
Babak Jalalzadeh
Ken Casazza
Stu Rich
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Jaymes Cloninger
Mark Butler
Hector Camps
Phillip Cousins
Diane Davis
Alan Edgar
Kristine Fallon
Dave Jordani
Dave Morris
Bill Napier
Mark Reichardt
Angela Lewis
Kimon Onuma
Clark Morgan
Tim Murtha
Paul Seletsky
Kathy Kalscheur
Louise Sabol
Jeremy Hazel
Michael Rendler
Theresa Thompson
Mohammed Biswas
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Peter Sforza
Keith Beck
Mike Parkin
Joseph Mudry
Horatio McDowney
Steve Sims
Francois Grobler
Jason Mayes
Brent Kastor
Giovanni Migliaccio
Mike McSween
BIM-GIS Interaction Issues
• What are the business practices where converged
geospatial and AEC information can be maximized?
• What open standard tool sets (IFC-BIM, AECxml, GIS,
CMMS, IWMS, etc.) should be used to perform what
functions?
• Are there requirements for convergence that can only be
supplied by file exchange? What message format(s)
should be used for data exchange?
• What data standards and service interfaces exist or need
to be developed?
• What role do web services play?
BIM Provides Benefits for
Design and Construction
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Improved design process
3-D visualization for owner (static only)
Coordination between disciplines
Interference checking
Facilitates energy efficiency and LEED
Automated quantity take offs
4-D scheduling
Improved documentation of design intent
Potentially used for fabrication
Elements in BIM are Created at a
High Level of Detail
This data is required to
convey the information
needed to construct the
facility.
All BIM products export
BIM data to and Industry
Foundation Classes
(IFCs)
Can We Use BIM As a Spatial
Data Repository?
• File-based
• Proprietary data formats
– Exports to IFC not uniform
• Not easily query-able across multiple facilities
• Not scalable to large number of users
– BIM Server technology limited to design focus
• Limited security
• No clustering, failover, etc.
Not a Viable Solution –
Look at standards-based
geospatial tools
Traditional Scalability Using GIS
World
Country
Region
State / Province
Natural Asset
County
Air / Space
City
Underground
Site
Traditional
GIS Space
Water / Sea
Real
Property Asset
Land / Parcel
Facility / Built
Building
Traditional
CAD/BIM Space
System
Space
Sub-Systems
Components
Level
Overlay
Room
Structure
System
Sub-Systems
Space
Components
Level
Overlay
Room
Linear Structure
Node
Segment
GIS has Advanced to Total Scalability
World
Country
Region
State / Province
Natural Asset
County
Air / Space
City
Underground
Site
Water / Sea
Real
Property Asset
Land / Parcel
Facility / Built
Building
System
Space
Sub-Systems
Components
Level
Overlay
Room
Structure
System
Sub-Systems
Space
Components
Level
Overlay
Room
Linear Structure
Node
Segment
The Analytic Power of GIS
• Spatial analysis and modeling
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Overlay analysis (union, intersect)
Proximity analysis (buffer, near)
Surface analysis (hill shade, slope)
Linear analysis (connectivity, tracing)
Raster analysis
Geoprocessing tools
Relational Database structure
Enterprise-ready
Web services
Integrates with
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EDMS
CMMS
CAFM
IWMS
BIM to GIS
Integration Issues
• BIM is MUCH richer in detail than a
GIS database
• GIS has only recently become fully
3-D
• Design BIM contains all the
information needed to construct a
building, but not to manage it
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Space polygons
Occupant information
Asset details (make, model, etc.)
Equipment maintenance data
• Some of the missing data can be
supplied by COBie
• GIS database and BIM will require
network capabilities to share
information
Fundamental Differences Between BIM
and GIS
BIM (IFC)
GIS
• Highly standardized
structure
• Parametric – highly
structured
• File based
• File based exchange
• Inferior data exchange
between COTS products
• Small number of users
• Thick client
• User defined structures
• Parametric – loosely
structured
• Server based - relational
database
• File and web services for
exchange
• Maximum integration
flexibility
• Large numbers of users
• Thick and thin clients
Developments in BIM-GIS Integration
•Geographic Elements within IFC
•COBie2 Standard
•CityGML
•Full 3-D GIS/3-D Analysis
•Building and Interior Spaces Data Model
buildingSMART IFC for
GIS Project/IFC 2.4 RC2
IFC 2.4
Spatial & Geographic Elements
• New entity for spatial zones
– the zone can now have own location, shape and functional type as
required e.g. in thermal or lighting zones.
– Both zones, with an without own shapes, can now be assigned to
different levels of the project structure.
• Space boundaries for curved building
elements, such as arc walls, can now be
defined by bounded cylindrical and bounded
swept surfaces.
• A clear differentiation between 1st and 2nd
level space boundaries is made
Spatial & Geographic Elements
IFC 2.4
• External spaces
– separate the external air, earth, water, with the definition of
external space boundaries to identify the gross volume of stories or
buildings.
• New entity for geographic elements placed in the context of a
site.
– Using the enhanced external reference mechanism those
geographic elements, as any other element, can be assigned to
feature catalogs or any other external classification system.
• Parts of the specification for these elements were introduced
into IFC 2.4 as a result of output from AECOO-1.
• These capabilities have not been exercised with OGC GML
(Geographic Markup Language) nor CityGML.
Construction Operations
Building Information
Exchange (COBIE)
Construction Operations Building Information
Exchange (COBie) adds Tabular Information to
BIM
• Capture tabular data needed by the owner as it is created by
– Designers
– Constructors
– Commissioning Agents
• Industry participation
– BIM vendors now export to COBIE
– CMMS/CAFM vendors import COBIE
• Some of the COBie data
belongs in GIS
• GIS Asset tables need to
store a sufficient level of
detail
COBie is Structured to Import Nonspatial Data into CMMS/CAFM/GIS
COBie2 Limitations
•COBie is focused on FM Handover
•COBie does not include spatial data
CityGML
CityGML Concepts
•Application independent Geospatial
Information Model for virtual 3D city
and landscape models
– Comprises different thematic areas
(buildings, vegetation, water, terrain, traffic
etc.)
– Data model (UML) according to ISO 19100
standards family
– Exchange format results from rule-based
mapping of the UML diagrams to a GML3
application schema
– Adopted OGC standard since 08/2008
CityGML
• CityGML represents
– 3D geometry, 3D topology, semantics, and
appearance
– In 5 discrete scales (Levels of Detail, LOD)
LOD 0 – Regional, landscape model
2.5D Digital terrain model, 3D landmarks
LOD 1 – City / Site model
Prismatic buildings without roof structures
LOD 2 – City / Site model
Simple buildings with detailed roof structures
LOD 3 – City / Site model
Detailed architectural models, landmarks
LOD 4 – Interior Model
“Walkable” architectural models
 The same object may be represented in different LODs
simultaneously
CityGML Strengths
Application Domain Extensions (ADE)
CityGML Core
GML 3.1.1
WaterBody
Vegetation
Transportation
Relief
Appearance
LandUse
CityObjectGroup
CityFurniture
Building
Generics
CityGML Limitations
•Some limited experimentation has taken
place to understand how IFC and
CityGML can work together.
•More work on this point is needed.
•CityGML is focused on visualization
3-D GIS
3-D GIS Analysis Tools
3-D GIS Example Data
3-D GIS Analysis Capabilities
3-D GIS Transportation Networks
Demo
ArcGIS 10
3-D GIS Limitations
•Limited experience converting IFC data
to GIS formats
•New technology with limited use for
facilities
•Complex data structures needed to
support facilities
ESRI Building and
Interior Spaces Data
Model
ESRI Geodatabase Data Models
Standardized Templates for Many Fields
• Address
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• Historic Preservation
& Archaeology
• Homeland Security
• Hydro
• IHO
• Land Parcels
• Local Government
• Marine
• National Cadastre
• Petroleum
• Pipeline
• Telecommunications
• Transportation
• Water Utilities
• Building Interior Space
Agricultural
Atmospheric
Base Map
Biodiversity
Carbon Footprint
Census-Admin
Boundaries
Defense-Intel
Energy Utilities
Environmental
Forestry
Geology
Groundwater
Health
G
eom
etry Point
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Longinteger No
Longinteger No
Longinteger No
Longinteger No
String
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Float
No
Float
No
Float
No
String
Yes
0
0
0
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7
0
0
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0
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Table
FishCatch
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TypeSim
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CardinalityO
netom
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ESRI’s Building Interior Space Data
Model (BISDM) for GIS
A user community effort
• Started in summer 2007
• Build template to serve many
uses cases and compatible
technologies
• Real-world project tested
• Support property, building, and
asset objects
• Models, supporting
documentation, data loading
tools, and sample viewers at
www.esri.com/datamodels
BISDM Supports Industry Standards
• Defining and measuring building space
– BOMA and FICM
• Classifying building space -- form, function, assets
– Open Standards Consortium for Real Estate (OSCRE)
– OmniClasstm
• Building information models (BIM)
– National BIM Standard
– Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)
• Building object information exchange
– Construction Operations Building Information Exchange
(COBIE)
BISDM Asset Data Feature
Classes
BISDM 2.0
Mimics the
structure
of IFCs
“Split” Data Model to Interface with External
Database (or Future BIM Server)
vElevator
“Is A Type Of” Relationship
1
INNER JOIN ON
ConveyanceArea.AssetID =
Elevator.ELEVATORID
0..1
(PK)ELEVATORID (guid)
REFERENCE
FIREEXIT
CLEARWIDTH
CLEARDEPTH
CLEARHEIGHT
ConveyanceArea
(PK/FK)ASSETID (guid)
ALIAS
(FK)ENTITYID (guid)
DESCRIPTION
CAPACITY
CONVEYANCEUSE
CONVEYANCETYPE
DOORQTY
ADACOMPLIANT
FLOORSSERVED
KEYACCESFLOORS
vEscalator
0..1
INNER JOIN ON
ConveyanceArea.AssetID =
Escalator.ESCALATORID
vStairWell
INNER JOIN ON
ConveyanceArea.AssetID =
MovingWalkway.MOVINGWALKWAYID
Escalator
(PK)ESCALATORID (guid)
…
…
0..1
INNER JOIN ON
ConveyanceArea.AssetID =
Stairwell.STAIRWELLID
vMovingWalkway
Elevator
Stairwell
(PK)STAIRWELLID
REFERENCE
NUMBEROFRISER
NUMBEROFTREADS
RISERHEIGHT
TREADLENGTH
NOSINGLENGTH
WALKINGLINEOFFSET
TREADLENGTHATOFFSET
TREADLENGTHATINNERSIDE
HEADROOM
WAISTTHICKNESS
0..1
MovingWalkway
(PK)MOVINGWALKWAYID
…
…
BIM
Data
Potential Integrated
CADD/BIM/GIS Data Workflow
CMMS
COBIE
CAFM/IWMS
BIM Data
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REVISIONS
N
WOOLPERT
GEOGRAPHIC
INFORMATIO N
SERVICES
50'
0'
50'
100'
DWN. BY
TITLE
DIGITAL DATABASE
MAPPING
150'
SCALE IN FEET
CONTOUR INTERVAL : 1 FOOT
MICHIG AN STATE UNIVERSITY
APPVD. BY
DATE
SCALE
8-89
1"= 50'
DWG. NO.
MSU2C
PHYSICAL PLANTDIVISION
ENGINEERING SERVICES DEPARTMENT
FILE NO.
CADD Data
Tabular Data
Spatial Data
GIS Data
GIS
BIM
Repository
Repository
ESRI BISDM Limitations
•Limited experience, especially with 3-D
•BIMServer for FM does not exist
BIM-GIS Committee
Direction
BIM-GIS Use Cases Planning/Design/Construction
• Site Selection/Location
planning
• Site
Suitability/Alternatives
analysis
• Site
circulation/parking/vehicle
routing
• Permitting/zoning review
• Visualization
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•
– Building Skins
– Textures
View Shed analysis
Drainage analysis
Erosion control analysis
Height analysis
Airspace encroachments
Shadow analysis (solar
potential)
• Security planning
• Evacuation routing
• Temporal Analysis
•
•
•
•
•
– Historical
– Existing
– Future
Economic Analysis
Demographics
Soil Conditions
Transportation
Source locations of
building products (LEED
analysis)
• Emergency
Management/Security
• Total Cost of
Ownership/Lifecycle
Analysis
BIM-GIS Use Cases - Operation
•
•
•
•
•
•
GIS-based Facilities management (maintain 3-D models)
MEP/data network routing/analysis
Space Management/optimization
Move management
Asset management
Public Safety
–
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–
Security
Fire protection
Evacuation routing
Hazardous materials storage
• Way-Finding
– Proximity/routing
– ADA compliant routes
• Interior Space analyses
– Areas (organizational, operations, leasing, etc.)
– Elevation
– Volumes
• Energy Management
– Real-time sensor display
– Environmental contaminant analysis
GIS-BIM Use Cases –
Renovation/Repurpose
• Existing As-built architectural/structural
models
• Existing As-built MEP/data networks
• Security planning
• Evacuation routing
Next Steps
•Define detailed use cases? IDMs?
•Define exchange standards?
•Define web services requirements for
BIM Server technology?
Discussion