Transcript Document

GRADE 9 VACCINATION
PROGRAM
Vaccinations f or:
Diphtheria, Tetanus, & Pertussis
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Catch-up program f or:
Measles, Mumps, Rubella
Hepatitis B
Polio
Varicella
D I P H T H E R I A
WHAT IS IT?
A disease caused by BACTERIA
that infect the nose and throat.
HOW DO YOU GET IT?
Direct contact with DROPLETS from
the infected person’s nose and throat.
SYMPTOMS?
• Grey spots may appear on the tonsils
• Breathing becomes difficult
• Sore throat/headache
The bacteria may produce
a TOXIN that can cause
Paralysis or heart damage
DEATH RATE
1 in every 10 who gets diphtheria dies
T E T A N U S
WHAT IS IT? (LOCKJAW)
A disease that causes BACTERIA
to grow at the site of an injury.
HOW DO YOU GET IT?
• By stepping on a RUSTY NAIL
• By getting a CUT or LACERATION
• By getting a dog or cat BITE
SYMPTOMS?
The bacteria make a TOXIN, which is
absorbed by the body’s muscles,
causing spasms that make it difficult to
breathe
DEATH RATE
6 out of 10 people who get tetanus die
P E R T U S S I S
(WHOOPING COUGH)
WHAT IS IT?
A BACTERIAL disease that infects
the lining of the airways.
HOW DO YOU GET IT?
Direct contact with DROPLETS from
the infected person’s nose and throat.
SYMPTOMS?
• Attacks of VIOLENT coughing develop,
often lasting 2 - 3 weeks or more.
Children may cough so long and hard that they can’t breathe.
• Babies with whooping cough may have fits (seizures) and go into a
coma due to lack of oxygen to their brain.
1 out of 400 babies under 1 year of age with
whooping cough will end up with brain damage
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
WHAT IS IT?
• The most common sexually transmitted infection (STI)
• Chances are most people will become infected with HPV
and not have any signs or symptoms
HOW DO YOU GET IT?
• Anyone who has ever taken part in sexual activity can contract HPV
• At least 70% of sexually active women and men will get HPV infection
over their lifetime
• HPV is easily passed through sexual touching and intercourse.
WHAT ARE THE RISKS?
• Over 40 types of the HPV virus infect the genital area
• “High risk” types can cause pre-cancerous lesions and can lead to
cancer of the cervix and other genital areas
• “Low risk” types can cause genital warts
In Alberta, 180 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer every year.
40 women die each year of the disease.
Who should get the vaccine?
In Canada:
Vaccine approved for girls and women 9 to 26 years of age
In Alberta:
•All girls in grade 5 starting in 2008/2009
•All girls in grade 9 starting in 2009/2010 (3 years only)
•Parental/guardian consent is required before the vaccine can be given
The HPV vaccine costs $150.00 per dose. The vaccine requires 3 doses
to be given within one year (total cost $450).
The HPV vaccine is free to all grade 5 and 9 girls in Alberta.
HPV & Cervical Cancer
•
•
•
“High risk” types of the HPV cause cervical
cancer as well other more rare genital cancers
Pre-cancerous cells can be found in the cervix
by a Pap test.
Cervical cancer takes many years to develop
How Do You Know You Have HPV?
•Most people who get HPV have no symptoms and it
goes away by itself. Sometimes the virus does not
go away and can cause pre-cancerous lesions and
cervical cancer
•May have visible genital warts
How Can HPV Be Prevented? (Continued)
Regular Pap testing
What is a Pap Test ?
• A Pap test finds abnormal cells in the
cervix that could develop into cancer
• Women, including those who have had
HPV immunization, should have regular
Pap tests
• Discuss Pap testing with your family
doctor
How Can HPV Be Prevented?
Immunization with HPV vaccine helps prevent cervical cancer
GARDASIL® vaccine – licensed in Canada June, 2006
HPV types in the vaccine: 6 & 11 (causes 90% of genital warts), 16 & 18
(causes 70% of cervical cancer)
Administration: injection of three doses over six month time period
Schedule: Dose 1 – on start date
Dose 2 – one to two months after Dose 1
Dose 3 – six months after Dose 1
Highly protective
More than 98% of individuals develop protection following
immunization
Safe
In Canada, each new vaccine undergoes laboratory and field-testing
and must pass licensing procedure before being introduced to the
public.
HPV vaccine contains no live virus, therefore can not cause HPV
infection
Duration of Protection
Protection lasts at least 5 years and probably longer
M E A S L E S
WHAT IS IT?
A highly contagious viral disease.
HOW DO YOU GET IT?
Direct contact with droplets from
the infected person’s nose and throat.
SYMPTOMS?
• A red blotchy rash/high fever.
• Watery sore eyes.
• May cause pneumonia and inflammation
of the brain leading to convulsions.
DEATH RATE
1 person dies in every 3000 who gets measles
M U M P S
WHAT IS IT?
A communicable viral disease
HOW DO YOU GET IT?
Direct contact with droplets from the
infected persons nose and throat
SYMPTOMS?
• Pain/soreness in the jaw/neck
• Swelling of the salivary glands
(under the jaw)
• May cause permanent loss of hearing
• May cause inflammation of the testicles
1 in 10 people with mumps can get meningitis. Today,
most outbreaks occur in adolescents/young adults.
R U B E L L A
WHAT IS IT?
A mild viral disease, except during pregnancy when
there is a high risk to the unborn fetus
HOW DO YOU GET IT?
Direct contact with droplets from the infected
persons nose and throat
SYMPTOMS?
• Rash of small pink spots all over the body
• Fever/sore achy joints
• Swollen lymph nodes in the back of the neck
If a women develops rubella during pregnancy
the baby has a high risk of being born
deformed
When a woman gets Rubella within the first 20
week of pregnancy, there is a >80% chance that
she will miscarry or the baby will be born with a
serious disability.
HEPATITIS B
WHAT IS IT?
A viral disease that infects the liver
HOW DO YOU GET IT?
Transmitted through blood and body fluids
• Sharing personal items (i.e. razors, toothbrushes)
• Using non-sterile needles when getting a tattoo or body
piercing
• Sharing needles when injecting drugs, steroids etc.
SYMPTOMS?
• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin)
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea & Vomiting
• Liver Cancer
DEATH RATE
Each year, approximately 1,000,000 people worldwide,
die from the Hepatitis B virus.
5-10% of cases
become chronic
carriers and can
spread Hepatitis B
without knowing it.
P O L I O
WHAT IS IT?
A viral infection.
HOW DO YOU GET IT?
From throat secretions and through
contaminated feces
SYMPTOMS?
• Fever
• Headache
• Stiffness of the back
• Paralysis may occur
DEATH RATE
1 out of 10 people who get Polio die from the disease
Varicella (Chicken Pox)
WHAT IS IT?
Common childhood disease caused by the
Varicella virus. However, a number of people
can develop further complications.
HOW DO YOU GET IT?
Easily spread from person to person through
the air or direct contact with fluid from the
blisters. It can be spread before the rash
appears.
WHAT HAPPENS?
• Infected blisters can leave scars.
• Can lead to pneumonia or problems with other
organs (i.e. brain, liver, heart)
DEATH RATE
Chicken pox causes an average of 5.8 deaths per year in Canada. Over 90%
of deaths occurred in previously healthy persons.
What to expect
after vaccination…
POSSIBLE SIDE
EFFECTS
• Slight fever, decreased energy, headache,
or general body ache, nausea, vomiting,
dizziness
• Some redness, swelling or tenderness at
the needle site, lasting up to 48 hours
COMFORT MEASURES
• You may use Tylenol for fever or discomfort
• Apply a cold cloth to the injection site
• Move your arm frequently to relieve stiffness
•
TIPS FOR VACCINATION DAY
REMEMBER TO HAND IN YOUR CONSENT FORM!
 Discuss any questions or concerns
with the vaccinating nurse.
 Wear a short sleeved shirt.
 Eat breakfast
or at least have
a glass of 100% fruit juice
before you come to school.
CONSENT
The consent:
• will indicate which vaccinations you require
• must be signed by parent or guardian
• must be returned as soon as possible to your
TA or Home Room Teacher
www.stmcenter.com
THANK YOU
THANK YOU
Edited by: Amy Beck, Carla Ferreira, Carrie Sauve (Public Health Nurses from Village Square Community Health Centre)