Transcript Order Tetraodontiformes - Cape Fear Community College
Order Tetraodontiformes Modern Fishes
Tetraodontiformes 1
The Tetraodontiform Body
• Tetraodontiform fishes vary distinctly in their body form: Gill openings are usually small Pelvic fins are absent Body plan ranges from globular, triangular to extremely compressed Tetraodontiformes 2
The Tetraodontiform Body
Ocean Sunfish Tetraodontiformes Gray Triggerfish Scrawled Cowfish Striped Burrfish 3
Tetraodontiform Protection
• Since they are vulnerable to predators most posses some form of protection: Burrfish Tetraodontiformes 4
Tetraodontiform Taxonomy
• • • • Balistidae o Leatherjackets Filefish & Triggerfish Ostraciidae o Boxfishes Tetraodontidae o Puffers Diodontidae o Porcupinefish • Molidae o Molas Tetraodontiformes 5
Family Balistidae
• • Triggerfish & Filefish Common species: o o o Planehead Filefish ( Stephanolepis hispidus ) Gray Triggerfish ( Balistes capriscus ) Humuhumu nukunuku apua’a Hawaiian Triggerfish Tetraodontiformes 6
Balistidae Habits
• Usually slow moving, brightly colored reef dwellers • Both have robust dorsal spines and a pelvic apparatus which is slightly distensible Filefish feeding on a Moon Jelly Tetraodontiformes 7
Triggerfish
• Has 3 dorsal spines, compared to 2 of the filefish Trigger Mechanism 8 Tetraodontiformes
Tetraodontiformes
Triggerfish
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Tetraodontiformes
Filefish
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Family Ostraciidae
• • Boxfishes Common species: o Scrawled Cowfish ( Lactophrys quadricornis ) Tetraodontiformes 11
Ostraciidae Characteristics
• Body is enclosed in a bony carapace, and a spinous dorsal is absent o Some spp. secrete ostracitoxin Scrawled Cowfish Tetraodontiformes 12
Family Tetraodontidae
• • Puffers Common species: o Northern Puffer ( Sphoeroides maculatus ) Tetraodontiformes 13
Tetraodontidae Characteristics
• • Have strong beak-like jaws with four teeth Slow moving fishes, that rely on toxins and the ability to puff themselves up for protection Tetraodontiformes 14
Tetrodotoxin
• Tetrodotoxin found in the internal organs o o Can be fatal to humans Eaten in Japan (Fugu) and prepared by licensed cooks • Symptoms o Slight numbness of the lips and tongue o Increased paralysis, unable to move, respiratory distress, affected speech Tetraodontiformes 15
Family Diodontidae
• • Porcupinefish Common species: o Striped Burrfish ( Chilomycterus schoepfi ) Tetraodontiformes 16
Diodontidae Characteristics
• Have two fused teeth in the mouth o o Family with inflatable body Body covered in well developed sharp spines (some erect when body inflated) Tetraodontiformes 17
Family Molidae
• • Molas / Sunfish Common species: o Ocean Sunfish ( Mola mola ) Tetraodontiformes 18
Molidae Characteristics
• • Large, sluggish pelagic predators that feed on jellyfish and other invertebrates Considered to be the most fecund vertebrates in the world, over 300 million eggs Tetraodontiformes 19