Transcript Presentation Title Here
Wireless Connectivity for Smart Grid
Agenda
• Introduction – Smart Grid BU • Wireless Technologies – Comparison, WW Stds • Wireless Protocols / Stds in Smart Grid – Zigbee – 6 LowPAN – Tiny Mesh • TI Support • Summary
TI’s Smart Grid Business unit
Embedded Processing Analog 16-bit MSP430™ 32-bit real-time C2000™ ARM 32-bit M3/M4 Stellaris® ARM 9 Cortex™ 8 C5000 C6000 OMAPL1x Low-power RF* + RFID** High Performance Analog < 1 GHz 2.4GHz
Reader Transponder AFE, PGA ADC, DAC..
Power AC/DC, DC/DC, LDO..
HVAL Mixed Signal ASICs, PMICs Logic… Smart Grid Business Unit Marketing, BD, System/Application, Software team, Standardization & Government relations support System Solutions for: Outside the home (Wide Area Network)
* in Wireless Business unit ** in MCU Business unit 4/30/2020 TI Confidential - NDA Restrictions
Inside the home / buildings (Home Area Network)
3
Focus segments for a Smart Grid
Smart Grid infrastructure Smart Meters Smart homes and buildings •
Concentrators
•
Power Monitoring & Protection
•
Renewable Energy
•
HV Circuit Breaker
•
Electricity meter
•
Gas meter
•
Water meter
4/30/2020 TI Confidential - NDA Restrictions •
In home display
•
Thermostats
•
Smart Appliances
•
demand response unit
•
Circuit Breaker
•
Charging elect. Vehicle
4
Smart Grid Home Area Network
TI Offers Complete Solutions For:
•
Sensing/Measurement:
Smart Energy measurements (Metrology) •
Communication:
PLC, KNX,...
ZigBee, WiFi, •
Control:
In-Home Displays, Energy Gateways, Smart Sensors, Smart Plugs… Picture - Source: ZigBee Presentation, Metering San Diego March 2010
TI is Driving International Standards
• • •
TI contributes to IEEE, ITU, and ISO standards TI participates in industry alliances Why?
– To drive interoperability, and deliver leading edge software and hardware solutions
15.4G
Wireless Technologies Comparison
50
Maximum Throughput Range WiFi
Bluetooth
® ANT ZigBee RF4CE Sub-1GHz
3 1 0.1
RFID BLE/ANT ZigBee RF4CE 6LoWPAN Sub-1GHz 2.4GHz
Bluetooth
®
Technology
Smallest Power Source Required WiFi 6LoWPAN
0-1
BLE 2.4GHz
Proprietary
10 100 Range (m) 7
RFID BLE/ANT Sub-1GHz 2.4GHz
Proprietary
Bluetooth
® ZigBee RF4CE 6LoWPAN
Technology
WiFi
TI’s Wireless Smart Metering Solutions
• RF solutions for all open ISM bands
< 1GHz
and
2.45 GHz
.
• Also new bands in China (CC1100E:
470-510 MHz
) and Japan (CC112x/CC120x:
920MHz
) • New VHF Metering band in Europe (CC112x/CC120x:
169MHz
) • Very flexible and high performance RF ICs to support legacy protocols, proprietary protocols and all currently known standardized solutions.
ZigBee, Smart Energy
– mesh 2.4GHz
-
6LoWPAN
– mesh sub 1 GHz -
Wireless M-bus, KNX
(Europe) • In close contact with Metering standardization Working Groups – Smart Meter (EU), Smart Metering (Major metering companies), ESMIG, 802.15.4, ETSI etc
6LoWPAN
• • • • • The benefits of 6LoWPAN include: – Open, reliable standards – Transparent Internet integration – Network maintainability, Global scalability – End-to-End data flow IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Area Networks Defined by IETF standards Stateless header compression Enables standard socket API Direct end-to-end Internet integration • Interoperability for 6LoWPAN is defined on the IP layer; an end node shall be accessible over the network / Internet. (“ping”) • The 6LoWPAN network protocol is not directly tied to the PHY layer, and alternate PHY layers (even not radio) can be used as long as the end nodes are accessible over the network / Internet. 13
Why sub-1GHz 6LoWPAN?
• • • • • Wireless extension of installed wired IPv6 (Internet devices) 10-800m range, Home Area Network range Instant, secure, automatic connections Moderate data rates, 50-200 kbps Very low memory footprint, stack is around 20kB. The Sensinode Nanostack 2.0 Lite 6LoWPAN stack is up to six times smaller than a ZigBee PRO stack.
15
Using CC1180 WNP
Application Processor
Application Sensinode NAPSocket API Sensinode NAP Interface UART Preloaded CC1180: • Bootloader • Read/Write EUI-64 address. (”MAC address”) • Update stack version, OTA • Stack is encrypted • Bootloader flash area is locked • Debug interface is disabled Socket API via UART 17
CC1180 Wireless Network Processor
Sensinode NAP Interface UDP ICMP IPv6/6LoWPAN ROLL RPL IEEE 802.15.4e MAC IEEE 802.15.4g PHY
Tiny Mesh – Sub 1G Software Offering
Powerful multi-hop mesh protocol
• Self configuring • Bidirectional wireless communication in a multi-hop mesh network • Self healing • Control and monitoring of individual nodes • LBT (Listen Before Talk) • Acknowledge and Retransmission(s) on each hop • AES 128 encryption in hardware (optional) • Sub 1 GHz G.S.R. Compliant (865-867 MHz)
Tiny Mesh – Sub 1G Software Offering
• Standard PHY:
IEEE 802.15.4g
compatible •
Transparent application layer
supporting multiple customer protocols, securing interoperability • Enabling Internet of Things • Detection of RF tampering (optional) •
Field Proven within AMR
, street lighting, home- and building automation since 2008 • No need for network DCU (network organizer) as each module is 100% autonom & is optimizing its own routing paths • Path with Least number of jumps and best RSSI decisionmaking in each Router • Up to
255 hops
, no limitations on number of Routers at each hop (4 bytes addressing space) • Configurable as Router or Gateway via one simple command • GW directly interfaces CMRI or GPRS/Ethernet bridge directly via UART or RS232/USB levelshifter • Multiple GWs in same network (no restrictions on number of GWs)
Tiny Mesh – Sub 1G Software Offering
Communication and configuration
• Few electrical connections for easiest in-design: VCC and GND • One-pin antenna interface • Two-pin UART serial interface The UART (with hardware handshake) is used for (optional) configuration and serial data communication.
Minimum on-site deployment time is secured via self configuring:
Pin compatible modules for world-wide usage
• Power up the gateway • Build the network by adding nodes with wireless connections to the gateway • Observe LED indicators to control link quality & path redundancy during installation • Send data transparently from the nodes to the gateway or: • Send addressed data or I/O control - commands to any node from the gateway.
8-pin configurable digital and analogue input/output
RC232 modules 6LoWPAN / ZigBee IEEE 802.15.4 modules
Product Range
Tiny Mesh
Embedded protocol UART in, RF out Up to 5-6 km range Easy to use cable replacement
Wireless M-Bus
Mesh network protocols 2.4 GHz world wide use One single shielded component
KNX-RF
Mesh network protocol All ISM frequencies Self configuring, self healing LBT, Acknowledge, AES128
Narrowband – High End
Pan-European standard 169/868 MHz long range AMR and industrial Battery operation, metering Worldwide standard 868 MHz long range Building automation Battery operation Worldwide ISM bands 169MHz => 868 MHz High power long range True narrowband AMR and Asset tracking
• • • • •
TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
TI offers world class support
The team in Oslo has 10 years+ experience with RF and can greatly speed up the development time for the hardware by: Layout/antenna discussions to find the best solution for a given PCB/product Layout/Antenna review of the PCB before manufacturing of the PCB – This greatly increases the probability of a ”right first time” design When the PCB comes back from manufacturing TI will: – Verify the RF performance: Output Power and Receiver Sensitivity – Match the antenna to 50ohm (one shunt and one series element) – Measure the antenna radiation pattern in 3D and scan for spurious emissions Software support, our ZigBee software is developed and supported by us 22
TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
Antenna Evaluation Kit
Antenna reference designs (PCB, Chip and Wire antennas)
CC-ANTENNA-DK
r 13 low cost antennas and 3 calibration boards. Frequency ranges from 136 MHz to 2.48 GHz.
www.ti.com/lit/swra328
TI’s Wireless Smart metering Solutions
TI Low Power RF Tools
at a glance…
Hardware Software
Z-Stack
ZigBee protocol stack
Evaluation Module Kits
2 RF EMs 2 Antennas
USB Dongles
CC1111/CC2511/CC2531
Development Kits
All the hardware you need to get started right out of the box
RemoTI
RF4CE-compliant stack
TIMAC
IEEE 802.15.4 MAC
SimpliciTI
Simple network protocol
Software Examples
Demos Reference Designs
eZ430-RF2480
ZigBee Network Processor
Reference Design
Gerber files, BOM and schematics available for all devices
eZ430-RF2500
Low Cost RF development tool
CC2510 & CC1110 Mini DK
Low Cost CC1110/CC2510 kits
Copy and reuse as is Application Notes & Design Notes
Technical information giving developers a head start PC Tools
Packet Sniffer
Capture and parse radio packets going over the air
Online Community
Discussion Forums, videos and blogs Design Support
Training Workshops
Hands on - ranging from RF basics to software development
LPRF Developer’s Network
Tools and solutions from 3 rd parties
Smart RF Studio
Evaluate and configure TI RF ICs