Transcript GATS - EPA 2010 Update

SCR 101:
Getting Ready for EPA 2010
Moderated by:
Guest Host Steve Sturgess, Executive Editor, Heavy Duty Trucking
Presented by:
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Educating the Trucking Industry on
2010 SCR Technology
• How
we got here
• Technology Overview
• SCR’s impact
• Fuel Economy
• Driver Interface
• Engine Changes
• Aftertreatment Changes
• Maintenance Intervals
• SCR in use today
• Diesel Exhaust Fluid
• Where to get DEF
• How often you will refill DEF
• FAQ’s
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22 Years of Truck Emission Changes
We’ve Come a Long Way
Particulate Matter - PM (g/bhp-hr)
1988
0.01
By 2010, 65 trucks
will emit the same
amount of Pollutants
as 1 truck did in 1988
2002/2004
2010
0.2
1991
1998
1994
2007
Nitrogen Oxides - NOx (g/bhp-hr)
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What Does That Mean?
Common Terms
•SCR
= Selective Catalytic Reduction
A
vehicle emissions control technology to reduce diesel engine emissions for passenger cars, light &
heavy duty trucks. Reduces NOx using a reducing agent by converting NOx into nitrogen, water and tiny
amounts of carbon dioxide.
•
BlueTec
 Daimler’s
•DEF
branded SCR emissions technology
= Diesel Exhaust Fluid
solution of 32.5% automotive-grade urea and 67.5% purified water
used in the SCR process; also referred to as AUS32
32.5% Urea
100% DEF
A
•DPF
= Diesel Particulate Filter
Diesel
67.5%
Exhaust
Water
Fluid
Additional Aftertreatment
hardware added to truck in 2007 to reduce the
amount of Particulate Matter in the vehicle’s exhaust
Department
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Two Technologies to Meet 2010
Emissions
In-Cylinder EGR
Selective Catalytic
Reduction (SCR)
SCR
Catalyst
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How EGR Works:
Basic Laws of Combustion Efficiency
2002-2007:
Pre2010:
2002:
EGR
NoEGR
EGR
Only
• Highest Firing Temperatures
• Highest NOx
• Highest Efficiency
• Lower Firing Temperatures
Cool Air
EGR
• Lower NOx
• Lower Efficiency
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How SCR Works:
Cleaning the Air After the Engine
Exhaust leaves the engine with
the pollutants NOx and PM
= Exhaust
= Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF)
Particulate Matter (PM) is trapped
in the Diesel Particulate Filter
(DPF)
DEF injected into the
exhaust stream
NOx
PM
DEF
NOx
PM
DEF solution ‘hydrolyzes’ into
ammonia gas (NH3) which mixes
with the exhaust
NH3
Ammonia (NH3) and Nitrogen
Oxides (NOx) react in the catalyst
to form Nitrogen and Water
SCR
H2OCatalyst
N2
2010 Technology Comparison
Technology Attribute
SCR
EGR
Increased Combustion Efficiency
Increased Fuel Economy
Proven to meet the 0.2 g NOx
Additional Hardware
Use of Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF)
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9
Economy For Your Business
Up to
5%
5.6
Up to
5%
5.4
DD15
Fuel Economy, MPG
5.8
BlueTec
6
5.2
5
4.8
1998
2002
2004
Series 60
2007
2010
DD15
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Simplicity For Drivers
PRE - EPA 2007
CHECK
ENGINE
EPA 2007
STOP
ENGINE
CHECK
ENGINE
STOP
ENGINE
Fuel Gauge
High Exhaust
Temperature Lam
DPF Regeneration
Lamp
Malfunction
Indicator Lamp
(MIL)
Fuel Gauge
EPA 2010
CHECK
ENGINE
High Exhaust
Temperature Lam
Malfunction
Indicator Lamp
(MIL)
STOP
ENGINE
DPF Regeneration
Lamp
Fuel and DEF
Gauge
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Simplicity for Drivers
FULL
EMPTY
DEF Level
Gauge Lamps
DEF Lamp
75% to 100%
4 green lights
off
50% to 75%
3 green lights
off
25% to 50%
2 green lights
off
10% to 25%
1 green light
off
5% to 10%
1 yellow light
on solid
0% to 5%
1 red light flashing
on flashing
Malfunction
Indicator Lamp (MIL)
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Simplicity Under the Hood
EPA 2007 DD15
EPA 2010 DD15
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Simplicity Under the Hood
Component
DD15 Design
Changes in 2010
Fuel system
Camshaft
Turbo
Turbo compound
Pistons / Rods
Crankshaft
No major changes
Block / Head
EGR Cooler
Water Pump
Oil / Coolant
System
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Simplicity For Packaging
1-Box
Configuration
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Simplicity For Maintenance
Maintenance Item
DD15 Duration / Capacity
Oil and Filter
Fuel Filter
Valve Adjustment
Crankcase Breather
Same as EPA07
Diesel Particulate Filter
Coolant Filter
New DD15 Maintenance for EPA 2010
DEF Filter
Air Bladder Fill
Every 2 years
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Experience for SCR
•SCR has Experience all over the World…Over 600,000 Trucks
in operation
•SCR 2010 Test Fleet Have Performed Extremely Well
•Detroit Diesel Launched Our 2010 Engine in 2007…Tried and
True With Nearly 2 Billion Customer Miles Already
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Where to Get Diesel Exhaust Fluid
(DEF)
Home Terminal
Intermediate Bulk Container (IBCs)
or 2-2.5 gallon Jugs
Truck Stop
Fuel island filling
Dealer / Distributor
IBC, 55-gallon drum, 2 gallon jug
How Far Can You Go?
3 Gallons 6 Gallons9 Gallons
12 Gallons
900 Miles
1800
2700
3600
3 Miles
6 Miles
9 Miles
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DEF RANGE
IN GALLONS
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SCR101 Summary
•
Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Is…
•The
most efficient way to meet 2010 emissions
•Simple
for truckers to operate and maintain
•Already
in use today and heavily tested in the
United States
•Diesel
•Easy
Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Is…
and economical to purchase and simple to
use
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Is DEF unsafe to handle? Is it flammable or hazardous?
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
• Hazards Identification
“Urea Solution is not Flammable”
•First Aid Measures
“Wash area thoroughly with soap and water”
•Fire Fighting Measures
“Urea solution is not flammable”
•Transportation Information
“Urea solution is not listed by any US or
Canadian transportation authority as a
hazardous material…”
Department
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Does DEF become toxic at extremely high temperatures?
“Urea does not become toxic at any
temperature”
“…at 122°F, DEF will still meet ISO
specifications of less than 0.2%
ammonia for at least 35 days. At
that rate it would take more
than 2 years to reach the
ammonia level of household
ammonia which is still not
classified as toxic”
James Spooner
VP & GM
Colonial Chemical Company
Department
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Will DEF freeze at 12°F?
Engine coolant is used to thaw
DEF in tank. System will function
until DEF begins to flow.
DEF will start to freeze
at 12°F
EPA Requires DEF flow within 70 minutes
Department
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Will DEF go bad in my truck if I operate in a hot climate?
DEF Shelf Life at Constant Temperature
(average temperature during month of July)
50
At 86°F DEF has a shelf
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life of 1 YEAR!
40
Months
35
30
25
20
15
44
Months
74°F
avg. July
temp
41
Months
75°F
avg. July
temp
10
36
months
77°F
avg. July
temp
7
5
months
0
Los Angeles
Source: Terra Industries
95°F avg. July temp
Chicago
Atlanta
Phoenix
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Will I be able to get DEF at a reasonable price?
TA Saginaw, MI June 26, 2009
2.5 Gallons @ $3.99/gal
Detroit Diesel Test Fleet June 23, 2009: 275 Gallons @
$2.42/gal
Pilot Travel Center Brooks, OR Sept 14, 2009
Fuel Island Bulk Fill @ $2.79/gal
DEF is available through a variety of distribution networks today, at affordable prices.
If I run out of DEF will my truck still start?
The DEF gauge indicates the level of DEF in the tank and has
a series of alerts when the tank is running low
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL VEHICLE AND FUEL EMISSIONS LABORATORY
SUBJECT: Certification Requirements for Heavy-Duty Diesel
Engines Using Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) Technologies
When the DEF tank is empty “…the vehicle will be limited
to 5 mph with inducement notification”
Department
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Is the packaging of SCR system complicated?
BlueTec
Installation
Department
27
SCR 101:
Getting Ready for EPA 2010
Presented By Detroit Diesel
Moderated by Guest Host Steve Sturgess, Executive Editor, Heavy Duty Trucking
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