Transcript Workshop on Sharing of Experience in Development of Hydro

Workshop on Sharing of Experience
in Development of Hydro Power
Projects
30th - 31st October 2006, India
W.R. Asanka Perera
Deputy General Manager
Mahaweli Hydro Power Complex
Ceylon Electricity Board
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka




Located in the Indian
Ocean to the south of
Indian sub-continent
Latitude 5-10 N
Longitude 79-82 E
65, 525 km2
Tropical climate :
Economic and electricity related indicators for
Sri Lanka
2004
2005
Mid year population (millions)
19.5
19.7
GDP per capita (USD/person)
1,030
1,197
5.4
6.0
Access to electricity (%)
73.4
74.9
Installed Capacity (MW)
2100
2300
Maximum Demand (MW)
1563
1746
Electrical Energy Generation (GWh)
8043
8770
System Energy Losses (%)
17.1
17.2
Per Capita Elec. Consumption (kWh/person)
348
369
GDP real growth rate (%)
Importance of hydro to Sri Lanka
 Only
Source of indigenous
energy in appropriate size
 Lowest cost generation
Road map for presentation





Hydro potential and development up to now
Changing role of hydro power in Sri Lankan
power system
Future development directions
Problems experienced
Government policy on hydro development
Hydro potential and development
up to now
Potential and development

Potential



Available
Developed
2000 MW
1207 MW
Historical Development



1918 - First project proposal by local engineer D.J.
Wimalsurendra
1926 - Construction of Laxapana started
1950 - Laxapana stage I (3 x 8.33 MW) commissioned
First hydro power plant in Sri Lanka


Laxapana project started in
1940’s
Completed in 1950
Sri Lankan river basin system and hydro
power stations
No.
JAFFNA

Four major river basins
 Kelani
 Mahaweli
 Kalu
 Walawe
MANNAR
VAVNIYA
TRINCOMALEE
ANURADHAPURA
HYDROPOWER PLANT
CAPACITY
(MW)
60
50
100
50
75
1
2
3
4
5
CANYON
WIMALASURENDRA
NEW LAXAPANA
OLD LAXAPANA
POLPITIYA
6
7
8
9
10
11
KOTMALE
VICTORIA
RANDENIGALA
RANTAMBE
UKUWELA
BOWATENNA
201
210
122
49
38
40
12
13
14
15
16
17
SAMANALAWEWA
UDAWALAWE
INGINIYAGALA
NILAMBE
KUKULE
UPPER KOTMALE
120
06
11
03
70
150
18
19
20
21
BROADLANDS
UMA OYA
MORAG0LLA
GINGANGA
x
X
X
X
40
150
27
49
HABARANA
POLONNARUWA
BOWATENNA
11
KURUNEGALA
10
LEGEND
EXISTING
PLANTS
CANDIDATES PLANTS
COMMITTED PLANTS
UKUWELA
BOLAWATTA
15
7
KOTUGODA
VICTORIA
9
14
8
COLOMBO
20
6 KOTMALE
18
17
19
BADULLA
5 4 2
3
1
BALANGODA12
19
WELLAWAYA
16
13
21
HAMBANTOTA
MATARA
X
Historical development

Kelani river basin
 Exploited mainly 1950 to 1970


Mahaweli river basin
 Development 1979 to 1990


Mahaweli complex 660 MW
Other hydro potential
 Walawe, Kalu river basins 1990 to 2003
 Some other small rivers


Laxapana complex 335 MW
Other hydro complex 211 MW
Mini/Micro hydro systems
Kelani river basin power stations (335 MW)
Mahaweli river basin power stations (660 MW)
Mahaweli river basin power stations
Kotmale (3 X 67 MW)
Mahaweli river basin power stations
Victoria (3 X 70 MW)
Mahaweli river basin power stations
Randenigala (2 X 61 MW)
Mahaweli river basin power stations
Ukuwela (2 X 20 MW)
Time sequence of the development of hydro power
Capacity /
(MW)
Year commissioned
Old Laxapana Stage I (3 x 8.33)
25
1950
Inginiyagala (2 x 2.475, 2 x 3.15)
11.25
1954
Old Laxapana Stage II (2 x 12.5)
25
1958
Wimalasurendra (2 x 25)
50
1965
Udawalawe (3 x 2)
6
1969
Smanala (2 x 37.5)
75
1969
New Laxapana (2 x 50)
100
1974
Ukuwela (2 x 20 )
40
1976
Bowatenna (1 x 40)
40
1981
Canyon unit 1 (1 x 30)
30
1983
Time sequence of the development of hydro power ..
Capacity / (MW)
Year
commissioned
Victoira (3 x 70)
210
1984
Kotmale unit 1 (1 x 67)
67
1985
Randenigala (2 x 61)
122
1986
Kotmale Unit 2&3 (2 x 67)
134
1988
Nillambe (2 x 1.6)
3.2
1988
Canyon Unit 2 (1 X 30)
30
1989
Rantambe (2 x2 4.5)
49
1990
Samanalawewa (2 x 60)
120
1992
Kukula Ganga (2 x 35)
70
2003
Changing role of hydro power in
Sri Lankan power system
Hydro component of system energy demand :
Present , future
 energy demand (8769 GWh ) << capacity (4400 GWh)
 average wet year approx 1/2 energy demand
 very wet year (5661) cannot meet the energy demand ii
The changing role for Hydro Generation

Past


Present


Supply total
 peak demand
 energy demand
Peak demand supplier
Future


Economic regulator
Frequency controller
Hydro and thermal installed capacity
1969 - 2005
Installed Capacity
1200
1000
Hydro
Thermal
MW
800
600
400
200
0
1969
1974
1979
1984
Year
1989
1994
1999
2004
Sri Lankan power system

Total Capacity





Hydro
Thermal
Wind
IPP Thermal
IPP small Hydro
2411 MW
1207 MW
548 MW
3 MW
567 MW
86 MW
Future development directions
Future Developments

Hydro potential available

More than 50 % already developed

Remaining potential




Gin Ganga
Broadlands
Uma Oya
Moragolla
49 MW
35 MW
150 MW
27 MW
2000 MW
Another option

Expansion of existing hydro power plants

Especially for peaking duty
Some candidates





Victoria (stage II)
3 x 70 MW
Smanalawewa stage II 2 x 60 MW
New laxapana
72.5 MW
Polpitiya
23.2 MW
Mini/Micro hydro development

Master plan study (1988)



80 MW (200 sites)
8 MW from irrigation tanks
Intermediate Technology Development group
study (1999)


Estimated another exploitable small hydro potential of
100 MW
250 sites
Mini/Micro hydro development …



First mini hydro plant in 1996
90 MW (48 sites) connected by April 2006
280 GWh supplied by mini hydro plants in 2005
(= to 3% of total electricity generated)
Mini/Micro hydro development …
MW
80
60
Capacity
50
No. of Plants
40
60
30
40
20
20
10
0
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Year
No.
100
Problems experienced
Problems experienced

Upper Kotmale project



Delayed more than 10 years
20% energy reduction to exclude the tapping of some
water falls
Upper Kotmale and Kukula project

Energy reduction due to not using the potential for
reservoir type
Government policy on hydro
development
Government policy on hydro development

Development of hydro power generation to its full
potential

All large scale hydro power generation


Mini hydro plants


under Government control
under private sector development
Energy generated is purchased through power purchase
agreement with Ceylon Electricity Board
Thank you …
http://www.ceb.lk