Transcript ASTB REVIEW - SUNY Maritime College

ASTB REVIEW
The Test
• Math Skills Test (MST)
– 30 Questions / 25 Minutes
– Quantitative aptitude
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Arithmetic reasoning
General mathematics
Algebra
Plane geometry
• Reading Skills Test (RST)
– 27 questions / 25 min
– Verbal aptitude
• Sentence comprehension
The Test
• Mechanical Comprehension Test (MCT)
– 30 Questions / 15 Minutes
– Mechanical aptitude
• Principles involved in the operation of mechanical
devices
• Basic physics
• ….
• Spatial Apperception Test (SAT)
• 35 Questions / 10 Minutes
• Recognition of position or altitude of an airplane by
viewing from ground and horizon
The Test
• Aviation/Nautical Information Test (ANT)
– 30 Questions / 15 Minutes
– Basic aviation and nautical terminology,
principles, and practices
• Aviation Supplemental Test
– 34 Questions / 25 Minutes
– Mixture of above types of questions
– Don’t stress about this section, just do the
best you can.
The Scores
• Academic Qualification Rating (AQR)
– Scoring emphasis on MST
• Pilot Flight Aptitude Rating (PFAR)
– Scoring emphasis on ANIT, SAT
• Flight Officer Flight Aptitude Rating
(FOFAR)
– Scoring emphasis on MST
Sample Test Problems
No Penalty for Guessing
These only demonstrate a sampling of
questions found on the ASTB. For a more
comprehensive sampling, use one of the
ASTB study guides*.
*NOMI does not endorse any particular guide.
MST (1)
• Two trains running on the same track
travel at the rates of 30 and 35 mph,
respectively. If the slower train starts out
an hour earlier, how long will it take the
faster train to catch up with it?
– (A) 4 hours
– (B) 5 hours
– (C) 6 hours
– (D) 7 hours
In 1 hour, slower train is 30 miles ahead. Every
hour, the faster train gains 5 miles (it is 5mph
faster)
30/5 = 6 hours to gain that 30 mile lead
MST (2)
• A naval detachment has enough rations to
feed sixteen people for 10 days. If four
more people join the detachment, for how
many fewer days will the rations last?
– (A) 1
– (B) 2
– (C) 3
– (D) 4
16 people for 10 days
Second Technique to solve:
16 x 10 = 160 rations
let n = # ration days for 20 people
16 + 4 = 20 people total
16 x 10 = 20 x n
n = 160/20 = 8 days (2 days less)
160 / 20 = 8 days Therefore 2 days less
MST (3)
• A field can be plowed by 9 machines in 5
hours. If 3 machines are broken and
cannot be used, how many hours will it
take to plow the field?
– (A) 7 ½ hours
– (B) 8 ½ hours
– (C) 9 ½ hours
– (D) 10 ½ hours
9 machines take 5 hours, so..
Other
9 xMethod:
5 = 45 hours for 1 machine
n9=x#5hours
= 1 x nfor(n
6=
machines
# hrs for 1 machine)
If9 3x are
5 = broken:
6xn
45
9 –=36n
= 6 machines working
n = 45/6
1 x =457.5
= 6 x c (c= # hrs for 6 machines)
n = 45/6 = 7 ½ hours
MST (4)
• A family drove from New York to San Francisco,
a distance of 3,000 miles. They drove 1/10 of
the distance the first day and 1/9 of the
remaining distance the second day. How many
miles were left to be driven?
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(A) 2,200
(B) 2,300
(C) 2,400
(D) 2,500
First day: Drove 1/10 of 3000 = 300
Therefore 2,700 miles remaining
Second day: Drove 1/9 of 2,700 = 300
Therefore 2,400 miles remaining
Other MST tips
• Triangle
– 180 degrees total
– Right triangle has 1 corner = 90°
– Complementary angles add up to 90°
– Pythagorean Theorem a² + b² = c²
• Areas
• Circumference
MCT (1)
Y
X
idler
• In the figure shown above, X is the driver gear
and Y is the driven gear. If the idler gear is
rotating clockwise,
– (A) gear X and gear Y are rotating clockwise
– (B) gear X and gear Y are rotating counterclockwise
– (C) gear X is rotating clockwise, while gear Y is
rotating counterclockwise
MCT (2)
100 lb. pull
W
• The maximum weight, W, that can be lifted
as shown with a pull of 100 pounds is
– (A) 100 pounds
– (B) 200 pounds
– (C) 300 pounds
The number of pulleys indicates the
mechanical advantage. In this case, it is 2
2 x 100lbs = 200lbs
MCT (3)
•This one’s a little
tougher.
Don’t be skerred!
MCT (3)
• A 5-kg wad of clay is tied to the end of a string. A 300gm copper moving horizontally is embedded into the clay
and causes the clay and ball to rise to a height of 0.2 m.
The initial velocity v1 of the ball is nearly
• A) 6.3 m/s
KE = ½ mv2 and PE = mgh. By conservation
of energy, KE must equal PE. Solve for v!
• B) 7.3 m/s
½ (0.3 kg )(v2) = (5 + 0.3 kg)(9.8 m/s)(0.2 m)
• C) 8.3 m/s
RST (1)
• The voters showed their ____ by staying
away from the polls
– (A) affluence
– (B) apathy
– (C) interest
– (D) registration
-lack of interest
OTHER RST HINTS
• Another type of questions consists of a
passage followed by a list of statements.
You must identify the statement that is
most true.
– Hint: DO NOT assume anything, even if you
know it’s true. The most correct statement is
the one that can DIRECTLY be made from the
passage.
RST (2)
• “Genuine coins have an even and distinct
corrugated outer edge; the corrugated outer
edges on counterfeit coins are usually uneven,
crooked, or missing.”
– counterfeit coins can rarely be distinguished from
genuine coins
– counterfeit coins never lose their corrugated outer
edge
– genuine coins never lose their uneven, corrugated
outer edge
– the quality of the outer edge may show that a coin is
counterfeit
There is nothing in the quote to support the first three choices
RST (3)
• “Education should not stop when the individual
has been prepared to make a livelihood and to
live in modern society; living would be mere
existence were there no appreciation and
enjoyment of the riches of art, literature, and
science.”
This quotation best supports the statement that true
education
– deals chiefly with art, literature, and science
– disregards practical goals
– prepares an individual for a full enjoyment of life
– teaches a person to focus on the routine problems of
life
The other choices do not address the quotation as much as the third
choice.
SAT
1. Look for position of the horizon
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Climbing, diving, level flight
If the horizon is above the middle of the
picture, the plane is diving
If the horizon is below the middle, climbing
2. Look for angle of the horizon
3. Look for position of the coastline
SAT (1)
Distance
above
horizon
1. Check horizon
2. Angle of horizon
3. Check for land position
Distance
below horizon
Traveling AWAY
from land mass
SAT (2)
Distance
above horizon
greater
1. Check horizon
2. Angle of horizon
3. Check for land position
SAT (3)
Distance
above
horizon
1. Check horizon
2. Angle of horizon
3. Check for land position
Land mass on
left side
Distance
below horizon
ANT
• Plane parts
ANIT concepts
• Wing diagram
Camber – curvature of wing
Chord
Span
Angle of Attack
ANIT
• Planes Of Motion
YAW
PITCH
ROLL
ANIT
• Direction
Runways
Parallel Runways
direction of
landing/takeoff
(notice opposite ends)
18
360
270
090
180
Wind
36
direction it is
coming FROM
225
ANIT
• Wing Types
How they are attached to the airplane
How they look
Dihedral wings
give aircraft roll stability
Photo Under Construction (I
don’t have one) – so you get
my stick figures…
Anhedral wings
enhanced roll performance
Aviation Knowledge
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Wake Turbulence
Angle of Attack
Ground Effect
Lights
Four Forces
Wing Shapes
Flight Controls
Space Knowledge
Nautical Terminology
ANIT (1)
• The pilot yaws an airplane by using the
– (A) flaps
– (B) ailerons
– (C) elevators
– (D) trim
– (E) rudder
ANIT (2)
• Camber is the:
– (A) curvature of an airfoil between the leading
edge and the trailing edge
– (B) distance between the leading edge and
the trailing edge
– (C) distance between each wingtip
– (D) angle between the chord line of the wing
and the relative wind
– (E) angle between the longitudinal axis of an
airplane and the wing chord line
ANIT (3)
• A nautical mile is:
– (A) 2 times that of a statute mile
– (B) 1.5 times that of a statute mile
– (C) 1.25 times that of a statute mile
– (D) 1.15 times that of a statute mile
– (E) equal to a statute mile
ANIT (4)
• A navigation light associated with “port” is:
– (A) white
-indicates the direction of the vessel
– (B) red
-starboard
– (C) green
-special circumstances
– (D) yellow
– (E) none of the above
ANIT (5)
• A stall is caused by”
– (A) a hesitation of the aircraft engine
– (B) the horizontal component of lift
– (C) the separation of airflow from the wing’s
upper surface
– (D) a change in the coefficient of lift
– (E) a reduced angle of attack
Resources
• NASA Website
– http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K12/airplane/guided.htm
– Has lots of info, scroll down to “Parts of Plane”
• NKO
– Sign in to https://wwwa.nko.navy.mil
– Click on ‘Learning’
– Scroll down and you should see a picture that says
‘Navy Education Resource Center’, click
– Now click on ‘Online Books’ or ‘Online Practice Tests’