Transcript Diapositive 1 - EPSO - European Plant Science Organisation

EPSO assistance for sustainable
crop production in Africa
Jean Christophe Glaszmann
CIRAD Montpellier
AGAP
EPSO assistance for sustainable
crop production in Africa
• EPSO, plant sciences in Europe
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EPSO assistance for sustainable
crop production in Africa
• EPSO, plant sciences
• FAO, policies and programmes
• Importance of agriculture, Increasing constraints
• Research for Development
– the Global Conference on Agricultural Research for Development (GCARD)
– the G20 Conference on Agricultural Research for Development
– European coordination mechanisms for ARD
• Plant improvement in the developing world
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the CGIAR system
private/public corporations
regional organizations
national systems
the Global Partnership Initiative for Plant Breeding Capacity Building (GIPB)
agro-eco-systems
crop varieties
germplasm
diversity
Plant breeding
transforming genetic diversity into adaptation within agricultural systems
competitiveness durability
utilization
food & non-food
quality
efficiency
productivity
services
performance
agro-eco-systems
ideotypes crop varieties
Economics
°C
Ecology
H2O
Agronomy
CO2
Biology
model
plants
germplasm
diversity
Domestication
Anthropology
Evolution
Evolution
Plant breeding, at the heart of multiple fields of science and innovation
grain
fruit
stalk
root
…
diploid vs
polyploid
autogamous vs
allogamous
annual vs
perenial
distribution of
genetic
resources
foundation
history of
selection
Diverse crops
agro-eco-systems
crop varieties
partnership
genotyping
germplasm
diversity
phenotyping
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Biological
resources
Mutualised and coordinated tools, capacities and resources
Game changers
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Genome at the core
Diversity at the core
Action at the core
Partnerships, training, networks, platforms
comparative
candidates
repertoire
monitoring
throughput
genome-wide
selection
evolution
duplication
redundancy
subfunctionalization
genome
sequences
ploidy
SNPs
depth/density
structural
heterozygosity
Genomes at the core
Musa /Musa
breeders
pedigree analyses
association analyses
molecular
breeding
biologists
Concentrating on common materials
with high genetic diversity, fine genetic resolution power, coverage of breeding history and representation of elite breeding materials
enables relating phenotypes to genotypes and
revealing key factors for traits for use in marker-assisted breeding
Breeding
Society
Dynamics
Selection
Mutation
Recombination
History
Linguistics
Foundation/
Selection
Diversity at the core
(gene, genome, cultivar, society)
ideotype
diversity/homogeneity
bio-technology
cooperation/alignment
ABS/property
industrial
crops
subsistence
crops
Action at the core
modes of genetic « improvement »
Improved
Varieties
Agrobiodiversity
Agronomic
practices
Plant
biology
Biological
interactions
Integrated
pest management
Food technology
Food
transformation
Innovation-bearing disciplinary interactions
Methodological options
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develop integrated projects with a specific focus including ecogeographic region(s), crop(s),
production system(s), partners with proven capacities
build on joint programming among all actors along the innovation chain, associating research,
development and training actors, farmers organisations as well as political authorities
build on complementarities of interest creating win-win situations that ensure true partnership
address multidisciplinary challenges, linking various fields of biology, agronomy, ecology and
social sciences
identify commonalities between challenge initiatives, emphasizing abiotic constraints and key
crops
build on existing successful initiatives, networks of partners, communities of practice
build on emerging funding/coordination schemes in order to consolidate critical mass, integration
of efforts on exemplary situations and partnerships
invest in capacity building and training of a new generation of breeders for plant improvement and
make the best use of novel methods and tools
ensure access to technology, resting on mutualised common facilities that serve a broad
community, including a free access to large facilities in Europe
build on & consolidate exchanges of technology and biological resources, supporting an open
international system for plant genetic resources
integrated phenotyping of representative genetic resources, covering diverse traditional and elite
materials with high genetic resolution
Roadmap
• Long-term partnerships
• White paper
• Pilot projects / focus areas
Low-hanging fruits