Transcript Unit 1 Review: Evolution

Unit 1 Review: Evolution
Evolution
• Wildlife biologists are working to save some
unique birds in coastal plain forests of South
Carolina. Which question below must be
answered first to determine how the birds can be
protected for future generations?
– What kinds of industries are likely to develop in the
area?
– What do the birds need in order to survive and
reproduce?
– How far can the birds migrate?
– How many people live in the area?
• John wanted to find out which laundry soap was best
for removing grass stains. Each soap was mixed with
warm water. It was then used to scrub a piece of grassstained cloth for 1 minute. Then the amount of stain
left on the cloth was measured.
• What is the dependent (responding) variable?
____________________________________________
• What is the independent (manipulated) variable?
________________________________________
• The part of the brain that controls
coordination and balance is the:
a. cerebellum
b. pons
c. hypothalamus
d. temporal lobe
8. An inference you can make about an animal
with large olfactory bulbs is they have a
developed heightened sense of:
a) taste
b) hearing
c) sight
d) smell
The function of the corpus callosum is to
_______________________.
a) control critical life functions
b) control posture and balance
c) control language and movement
d) control communication between
hemispheres
The motor and sensory cortex are parts of the
_______________________________.
a) cerebrum
b) brain stem
c) cerebellum
d) corpus callosum
A person suffers a stroke and the left side of
their body is paralyzed. Which hemisphere of
their brain was most likely damaged?
a) left
c) both
b) right
d) impossible to say
The left hemisphere of the brain controls what
human characteristics?
a. face recognition
b. visual imagery
c. language and logic
d. spatial abilities
The folds in the _________________________,
give your brain more ________________
a) cerebellum, control of breathing
b) brain stem, balance
c) corpus callosum, control
d) cerebrum, surface area
A = Darwin
B = Redi
C = Lamarck
_______1. Some finches in the Galapagos tried to change their beaks
to make them stronger in order to crack open seeds.
_______2. Some traits are considered heritable, such as strong beaks.
_______3. Natural selection is responsible for the changes in the finch
beaks.
_______4. Changes in a population occur as acquired characteristics
are inherited.
_______5. Individuals that have inherited traits that better enable
them to survive and reproduce will leave more offspring.
Through careful observation, Charles Darwin came to
understand that:
a. populations of plants and animals in nature most often
consist of individuals that are clones of each other.
b. those individuals whose variation gives them an
advantage in staying alive long enough to reproduce
are more likely to pass their traits on to the next
generation.
c. populations acquire inherited traits in their lifetime.
d. all of the above.
Any variation that can help an organism survive
in its environment is called a(n):
a. adaptation
b. characteristic
c. competition
d. vestigial structure
Traits that appear during an organism's lifetime
are known as:
a. heritable c. acquired
b. adaptive d. mutations
Artificial selection differs from natural selection
because artificial selection occurs within a(n):
a. population c. species
b. community d. individual
Put the following steps in order of how natural
selection happens:
i. Individuals with the beneficial trait survive.
ii. A change in the environment occurs.
iii. Variation exists in a population.
iv. The surviving individuals reproduce and pass
their traits on to offspring.
a. i, ii, iii, iv
b. iii, ii, i, iv
c. ii, iii, i, iv
d. ii, i, iii, iv
DNA is found in what structure?
a. cytoplasm
b. ribosome
c. nucleus
d. endoplasmic reticulum
Two nucleotide sequences found in two
different species are almost exactly the same.
This suggests that these species:
a. are evolving into the same species
b. contain identical DNA
c. may have similar evolutionary histories
d. have the same number of mutations
Similarities in embryonic development suggest
that organisms:
a. are all members of the same species
b. all undergo external development
c. may have evolved from a common ancestor
d. have adaptations for the same environment as
adults
What can you infer about the structures below?
a.
b.
c.
d.
They are analogous.
They are vestigial.
They are homologous.
They are homozygous.
In the diagram of a whale below, the bones labeled "pelvis" and "femur"
appear to be useless. The possibility that these bones were once useful
gives support to the:
a.
b.
c.
d.
modern theory of evolution
heterotroph hypothesis
concept of fossil formation
concept of stable gene frequencies
Features that were useful in ancestors but are
no longer useful are called
a.
b.
c.
d.
analogous structures
homologous structures
vestigial structures
homozygous traits
According to the readings, what is the true about the presence
of vestigial structures?
a. They infer a common ancestry because so many different organisms
share similar structures
b. Their existence shows us that we have much more to learn about what
function they serve
c. They serve no clear function therefore they are no longer subject to
natural selection.
d. The pentadactyl limb is an important example of these structures.
Which taxonomic level has the least diversity
within it?
a. Kingdom
b. Phylum
c. Genus
d. Species
Multicellular organisms are made up of:
a. Eukaryotic cells
b. Prokaryotic cells
1. After which animals did mammary glands develop?
2. What animal does not have jaws?
3. Which animals have lungs