Transcript Document

In this section you will learn
about the Pilgrims and
Puritans, their relations with
the Native Americans, and their
settlement of the New England
colonies.
New England
The Pilgrims were a religious
group that separated from the
Church of England, who in
turn had separated from the
Catholic Church.
With a voyage arranged by the
Virginia Company, the Pilgrims
set sail for America aboard the
Mayflower and landed in
Plymouth, New England in
1620.
Puritan route from Holland to England and then America
Pilgrim’s Voyage to Plymouth
England
Plymouth
The Pilgrims lived on the ship for over a month before they left. The trip
took 66 days. They lived on the ship during the first winter.
One passenger, a 25 year old man named John Howland
fell overboard.
The Mayflower crew spotted Cape Cod on November 9. The
Pilgrims decided to head south, where it encountered rough
seas, and nearly shipwrecked. Rather than risk another
attempt, they decided to stay and explore Cape Cod, anchoring
in Provincetown Harbor. They explored Cape Cod, trying to
decide where they would build their plantation. On December
25, 1620, they decided upon Plymouth.
Pilgrims landing at Plymouth Rock
The Puritan Family
The Mayflower stayed with the Pilgrims in America
the first winter, and departed home for England in
April, arriving back home in May 1621. Master
Christopher Jones, the ship's captain, died the next
year, in March 1622. Christopher Jones owned a
fourth of the ship, and when he died the ownership
of his share passed to his widow, Josian.
Josian, with the other three owners, stopped using
the ship, and by May 1624 it had fallen into
ruins. It was appraised at that time to a value of
just over £128, and because of its very poor
condition it was almost certainly broken up and
sold off as scrap.
The Pilgrims landed outside the
limits of the Virginia Company’s
jurisdiction. For the sake of order,
the Pilgrims signed an agreement to
obey laws established for the good of
the colony - the Mayflower
Compact. This compact help
establish the idea self-government
and majority rule in America.
Signing of the Mayflower Compact, a painting by Edward Percy Moran, which hangs at the Plymouth Museum.
John Winthrop, first governor of Massachusetts.
Bradford's
transcription of the
Mayflower
compact
After a devastating first winter,
a Native American, Squanto,
acted as an intermediary
between the Pilgrims and local
Native American tribes, who in
turn taught the pilgrims to
plant, grow, and fish.
Squanto (1585?-1622), Native American of the
Wampanoag tribe of what is now Massachusetts.
The Plymouth settlement
celebrated the blessings of the
first good harvest, holding a
three day feast. It was the first
Thanksgiving.
Most of the Pilgrims on the Mayflower were men.
Men were the head of the family. Wives were
expected to obey them. Children were expected to
obey their Mother and Father.
Some of the men brought their wives and children
along. After the first winter, only 3 of the 17
wives were still alive to care for the 50 remaining
men and children. Nearly half of all the pilgrims
died that first winter.
What’s wrong with this picture?
Between 1630 and 1640, a
religious group called the
Puritans fled England to escape
bad treatment by King James I.
This became known as the
Great Migration.
FOR UNDERSTANDING
Between 1630 and 1640, a religious
group called the ______fled England
to escape bad treatment by King
James I. This became known as
the______.
• 1) Pilgrims,
Reformation
• 3) Puritans, first
Thanksgiving
• 2) Quakers, Great
Escape
• 4) Puritans, Great
Migration
The Plymouth settlement celebrated
the blessings of the first good harvest,
holding a three day the feast called
______ .
• 1) Mayday
• 3) Plymouth Day
• 2) The Quaker
festival of Friends
• 4) Thanksgiving
The Pilgrims signed an agreement
to obey laws established for the
good of the colony called
the______.
• 1) Mayflower Compact
• 3) Constitution
• 2) Magna Carta
• 4) Bill of Rights
With a voyage arranged by the
Virginia Company, the Pilgrims set
sail for America aboard the ______
and landed in______ , New England
in______.
• 1) Santa Maria,
Roanoke, 1605
• 3) Mayflower,
Plymouth, 1620
• 2) Sea venture,
Plymouth, 1625
• 4) Mayflower,
Roanoke, 1620
The ______ were a religious group
that separated from the Church of
England, who in turn had separated
from the Catholic Church.
• 1) Baptists
• 3) Pilgrims
• 2) Mormons
• 4) Quakers
After a devastating first winter, a
Native American,______, acted as an
intermediary between the Pilgrims
and local Native American tribes.
• 1) Powhatan
• 3) Sitting Bull
• 2) Squanto
• 4) Pocahontas
In 1630, about 1,000 pilgrims,
working for the Massachusetts
Bay Company, settled in New
England. John Winthrop
became the colonies first
Puritan governor.
Myles Standish, militia
captain at Plymouth.
In 1636, Thomas Hooker
moved his congregation to the
Connecticut Valley, where they
wrote and adopted a
rudimentary constitution called
the Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut.
Hooker's
Company reach
the Connecticut
Roger Williams, a Salem
Massachusetts minister,
opposed the forced attendance
at church and the taking of
Native American lands by force
practiced by the Pilgrim
colonists. He fled to Rhode
Island, where he established the
first Baptist church in America.
Roger
Williams
First Baptist Church in
America. Williams
founded the congregation
in 1638
Anne Hutchinson believed that
a person could worship God
without the help of a church,
minister, or Bible. Another
group that came to be known
as the Quakers, held similar
beliefs. Both groups sought
sanctuary in Rhode Island after
deplorable treatment by the
Puritans.
"Anne Hutchinson on Trial"
Cartoon of the
trial of Anne
Hutchinson
Quakers in Pennsylvania meeting with Native Americans
Europeans believe that land
could be owned by individuals.
Native Americans believed it
belonged to everyone. Between
1675 and 1676, fierce fighting
over these differences, known
as King Philips War, was
ultimately won by the English
settlers.
King Philip, the
son of Massasoit
and chief of the
Wampanoag. His
Wampanoag
name was
Metacom,
Metacomet, or
Pometacom.
The tide of war began to turn. It became a war of attrition, and both
sides were determined to eliminate the other.
In 1692, brought on by
accusations from several young
Puritan village girls pretending
to be bewitched, more than a
hundred people were arrested
and tried for witchcraft in
Salem, Massachusetts. The
Salem Witchcraft trials
resulted in the execution of 20
people mainly by hanging.
Roger Williams alleged House in Salem (or "Witch House")
"Examination of a Witch" in Salem.
Giles Cory was pressed to death during the
Salem witch trials in the 1690s.
The June 10, 1692 hanging of Bridget Bishop
FOR UNDERSTANDING
In 1692 the ______ resulted in
the execution of 20 people
mainly by hanging.
• 1) Protestant
Reformation
• 3) Salem Witchcraft
trials
• 2) King Philip’s war
• 4) Mayflower
Compact
______ believed that a person could
worship God without the help of a
church, minister, or Bible. Another
group that came to be known as
the______, held similar beliefs.
• 1) John Smith,
Church of England
• 3) John Rolfe, United
Methodist church
• 2) Roger Williams,
Puritans
• 4) Anne Hutchinson,
Quakers
In 1636, ______moved his
congregation to the Connecticut
Valley, where they wrote and adopted
the______.
• 1) John Smith,
Mayflower Compact
• 2) John Rolfe, United
States Constitution
• 3) Thomas Hooker,
Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut
• 4) Roger Williams,
Mayflower compact
______, a Salem Massachusetts
minister, established the first Baptist
church in America.
• 1) Anne Hutchinson
• 3) John White
• 2) Roger Williams
• 4) Joseph Smith
______ became the New England
colony's first Puritan governor.
• 1) John Winthrop
• 3) John White
• 2) John Rolfe
• 4) John Smith
Between 1675 and 1676, fierce
fighting broke out between settlers
and Native Americans known
as______.
• 1) The Battle of Little
Big Horn
• 3) King Phillips War
• 4) Bacon’s rebellion
• 2) Custer’s last stand