Travel & Tourism
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Transcript Travel & Tourism
Referencing Information Sources:
Using the APA Style
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Outline of Presentation:
• Frequently Asked Questions
•
•
•
•
•
3 Steps in Referencing
In-Text References: rules and examples
End-Text References: rules and examples (8)
3 Written Exercises
Introduction to the online guide on
APA Referencing
What is Referencing?
• Referencing is a method of acknowledging sources of
information that you have used in your written work.
• The APA (American Psychological Association) 6th
edition is the method now used at Central Institute
of Technology.
© Central Institute of Technology 2014
Why do you reference?
•
To acknowledge the source of information and
ideas of others.
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To show the breadth of your research.
•
To allow the reader to be able to find and verify the
information.
Study 2007
Study, 2007
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When do you have to reference?
If you:
1. quote (use someone else’s exact words)
2. paraphrase (convert someone else’s ideas into your
own words)
3. summarise (use a brief account of someone else’s
ideas)
4. copy (use statistics, figures, tables, images)
Rottnest Island, 2008
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When do you not need to give references?
• References are not required for items of general
knowledge or common knowledge.
• Common knowledge includes facts that are well known
within the community in which they are used.
• An example:
Rottnest Island is home to the quokka
which is an Australian native animal.
Quokka, 2008
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What if you don’t reference?
Plagiarism is the term used when someone
copies another person’s ideas or opinions
as their own and doesn’t acknowledge the
original source of the information.
Plagiarism, whether deliberate or accidental, is
a form of cheating and is not acceptable.
Remember, if you plagiarise in your assignment
you may fail
Where can referencing information be found ?
Book
Journal/Magazine
• On the title page for the
title, author and publisher
• On the back of the title
page for the place and
year of publication
• On the cover
• On the second page
• Down the spine
© Central Institute of Technology 2014
Step 1
When taking notes for an essay topic, write down all the
relevant bibliographic details of your information source.
For a book:
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•
•
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author’s surname and initials
year of publication
title of book
edition
place of publication
publisher
Note taking, 2007
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Step 2
Insert a brief citation at the appropriate place within
the text of your essay where this information is used.
Example of an In-Text Reference:
Baker (2004, p. 27) suggests…
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Step 3
At the end of your assignment add a Reference List
containing your information sources with full
citations.
Example of an End-Text Reference:
Baker, C. (2004). Western Australia: Short stay
guide. Sydney: Little Hills Press.
© Central Institute of Technology 2014
General Rules for In-Text References
Include:
• author’s surname
• year of publication (latest edition)
• page numbers (if appropriate)
Page numbers are not necessary when you summarise
or paraphrase another person’s ideas or opinions
Example: …(Jones, 2010) OR Jones (2010)…
Page numbers are only necessary when you use
precise information or a quotation
Example: …(Douglas, 2009, p. 22) OR Douglas (2009, p.22)…
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General Rules for End-Text References
• List references in alphabetical order by author or
sponsor
• Where there is no author or sponsor use the title
• Use italics or underlining to indicate titles
• Separate each element of the citation with a full stop
• Second and subsequent lines of a citation should be
indented 5 spaces
© Central Institute of Technology 2014
Book
author’s surname and initials
year of publication
title of book (underline or use italics)
edition (if not the first)
place of publication
publisher
Book with Single Author
Baker, C. (2004). Western Australia:
Short stay guide. Sydney:
Little Hills Press.
© Central Institute of Technology 2014
Book with Multiple Authors
Ashworth, S., Turner, R., & Egger, S. (2004).
Western Australia. Footscray, Victoria:
Lonely Planet Publications.
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Printed Journal/Magazine Article
author’s surname and initials
year of publication
title of article
name of journal/magazine (underline or use italics)
volume number
issue number or date
page number(s)
Printed Journal/Magazine Article
Adam, C. (2010). Island dreaming.
Travel Weekly, (130), 18-23.
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Online Journal/Magazine Article
author’s surname and initials
year of publication
title of article
name of journal (underline or use italics)
volume number
issue number or date
page number(s)
Retrieved from URL of database
Online Journal/Magazine Article
New look for Lizard Island. (2011). Hotel & Accommodation Management,
15(2), 15. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.central.wa.edu.au
© Central Institute of Technology
Web Page
name of author or sponsor or organisation
year of creation (or update year)
title of web page (underline or use italics)
Retrieved from URL (web address)
Web Page
http://www.ecotourism.org.au/index.asp
Ecotourism Australia. (2011). Welcome to ecotourism
Australia. Retrieved from
http://www.ecotourism.org.au/index.asp
Copyright Ecotourism Australia © 2011
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PDF from a Website
Research Tourism Western Australia. (2011). Quarterly visitor snapshot:
Year ending June 2011. Retrieved from
http://www.tourism.wa.gov.au/Research_and_Statistics/Documents/
Quarterly_Tourism_Snapshot_Year_Ending_March_2011.pdf
http://www.tourism.wa.gov.au/Research_and_Statistics/
Documents/Quarterly_Tourism_Snapshot__Year_Ending_
March_2011.pdf
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Brochure
Rottnest Island Authority. (2010). I spy with my little island
guide: Summer 2010/2011. [Brochure]. Rottnest Island
Authority.
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An Image
In-Text
Rottnest Island, 2008
End-Text
Rottnest Island [Image]. (2008). Retrieved from
http://www.flickr.com/photos/norahtsen78/3138180252
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Book
author’s surname and initials
year of publication
title of book (underline or use italics)
edition (if not the first)
place of publication
publisher
(NOW DO EXERCISE 1)
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EXERCISE 1: ANSWER
White, T. (2012). Walking tours of Tasmania.
London: Collins Publishers.
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Printed Journal/Magazine Article
author’s surname and initials
year of publication
title of article
name of journal/magazine (underline or use italics)
volume number
issue number or date
page number(s)
(NOW DO EXERCISE 2)
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EXERCISE 2: ANSWER
Adams, T. (2013). Australia’s world heritage sites.
Australian Geographic, (90), 21-23.
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Web Page
name of author or sponsor or organisation
year of creation (or update year)
title of web page (underline or use italics)
Retrieved from URL (web address)
(NOW DO EXERCISE 3)
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EXERCISE 3: ANSWER
Tourism Australia. (2013). The cruise industry.
Retrieved from www.tourism.australia.com/
markets/the-cruise-industry.aspx
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If you require further assistance with referencing:
Ask at the Library Service Desk
Email: [email protected]
Check out the online guide on APA Referencing at:
http://guides.dtwd.wa.gov.au/central-apaesl
© Central Institute of Technology 2014
Links to APA Referencing Guides
Library Website: www.central.wa.edu.au/library
© Central Institute of Technology 2014
© Central Institute of Technology 2014
Reference List for Images
Note taking. (2007). ClipArt used with permission from Microsoft.
Quokka [Image]. (2008). Retrieved from www.flickr.com/photos/johk/3234925638/
Rottnest Island [Image]. (2008). Retrieved from
http://www.flickr.com/photos/norahtsen78/3138180252/
Study [Image]. (2007). ClipArt used with permission from Microsoft.
© Central Institute of Technology 2014