Transcript ABD General
AREA BASED DEVELOPMENT APPROACHES Brussels (JRC headquarters) 6 and 7 September 2010 Area Based Recovery & Development can be defined as: Targeting specific geographical areas in a country, characterized by particular and complex recovery and development problems, through an integrated, inclusive, participatory and flexible approach Area of intervention: typically smaller than the country itself (but can be cross-border) 4 categories of problems to be addressed: – Conflict-related – Disaster-related – Poverty-related – Exclusion-related ABD only appropriate if problem can be addressed at the level of the area Aim is to make the area fully participate in and benefit from national recovery & development processes Integrated: multi-sector, multi-agency, multi-level Inclusive: targets communities rather than specific groups and is non-discriminatory Participatory: involving all stakeholders in planning, decision-making and implementation Bottom-up approach: feeding into policy/ institutional reform through horizontal & vertical linkages Flexible: tailor-made responses evolving with rapid changes in the area/ environment Not every project that intervenes at local or grassroots level is area based: – nation-wide local governance, decentralized planning or community development programmes – local piloting of national programmes – sector-specific programmes at local level ABD is area-specific, not sector- or target groupspecific Regional planning, decentralization & local governance programmes Community development & integrated rural development programmes Area based recovery & development programmes Programmes responding to crises, emergencies & postconflict situations Deciding on an Area Based Approach: 1. Clearly identifiable area with unique or specific development setting YES Area based approach 2. Area has complex & multi-dimensional development setting NO YES MDG localization approach NO Sector or target group approach Defining the Area Based Intervention 1. 2. 3. 4. Defining the target area – always based on existing territorial-administrative units Assessing the specific situation – baseline, critical needs, priorities, ongoing interventions, etc. Defining the programme – main outcome, objectives/results, level/scale/magnitude of interventions Implementation & management arrangements Typical Components of ABD Interventions Public Administration & Participatory Governance – – – – Planning, budget execution, public investment Decentralization and self-governance Mechanisms for dialogue and participation Access to information, legal protection, human rights Typical Components of ABD Interventions Community Empowerment – Community organization through social mobilization – Community-based self-help initiatives – Strengthening CSOs/NGOs Typical Components of ABD Interventions Basic Infrastructure and Services – Small grant schemes – Larger infrastructure – Local procurement and sub-contracting – Sustainable management, operation and maintenance Typical Components of ABD Interventions Local Economic Development – – – – – – Planning, policy, regulatory framework Micro-, small- and medium-enterprise development Vocational training & employment generation Financial & non-financial business services Farming, agriculture, agro-processing Marketing, transport, storage, rural-urban linkages Typical Components of ABD Interventions Policy and Institutional Reform – – – – – Knowledge and practice networks Independent research Lobbying with Government/Parliament Codifying practices into policies and laws Replication of successful practices Typical Components of ABD Interventions Some Conflict and Disaster-specific components – – – – – – – – – – Restoring local government capacities Building on community self-help initiatives Emergency employment and restoration of livelihoods Reintegration of returning refugees, IDPs, former combatants Early warning systems, conflict prevention and disaster risk reduction Community security and access to justice Mine Action, restoring access by road, to land Gender based violence, protection Building Back Better Social cohesion, conflict mediation