Transcript ferysw.staff.fkip.uns.ac.id
FERI SETYOWIBOWO M. SABANDI
BKK PTN P. EKONOMI FKIP UNS
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http://ferysw.staff.fkip.uns.ac.id
Pendidikan Tata Niaga Jurusan P.IPS FKIP UNS 0815 790 8227 [email protected]
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E-COMMERCE
• COMMERCE MERUJUK PADA SEMUA AKTIVITAS PEMBELIAN ATAU PENJUALAN BARANG ATAU JASA – MARKETING, SALES, PAYMENT, CS ELECTRONIC COMMERCE: • MELAKUKAN PERDAGANGAN DENGAN BERBANTUKAN KOMPUTER, JARINGAN DAN APLIKASI-APLIKASI PERDAGANGAN
E-commerce
• Proses pembelian, penjualan, pengiriman, pertukaran, barang, jasa atau informasi melalui jaringan • Pure click vs partial click – Berdasarkan derajat digitization • Product • Process • Intermediary – Pure requires all three components to be fully digitized • Internet versus non-Internet – Most are Internet based – May be value-added networks or local area networks
Interaksi pelaku E-commerce
• Business-to-business (B2B) • Business-to-consumer (B2C) • Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) • Consumer-to-business (C2B) • Government-to-citizens (G2C) • Collaborative commerce between partners • Business to employees • Intrabusiness/Intraorganizational commerce • Mobile commerce (M-commerce)
e commerce
• Business to business (B2B) – automating supply – increasing business efficiency • Business to Consumer (B2C) – Retail Sales – Customer Support • Consumer to Consumer (C2C) – Online Auctions
APLIKASI E-COMMERCE
• SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT • VIDEO ON DEMAND • REMOTE BANKING • PEMBELIAN DAN PEMELIHARAAN • ONLINE MARKETING/ADVERTISING • HOME SHOPPING • AUCTIONS
INFRASTRUKTUR E-COMMERCE
• Information superhighway infrastructure – Internet, LAN, WAN, routers, etc.
– telecom, cable TV, wireless, etc.
• Messaging and information distribution infrastructure – HTML, XML, e-mail, HTTP, etc.
• Common business infrastructure – Security, authentication, electronic payment, directories, catalogs, etc.
Advantages of Electronic Commerce
• Increased sales – Reach narrow market segments in geographically dispersed locations – Create virtual communities • Decreased costs – Handling of sales inquiries – Providing price quotes – Determining product availability • Being in the space
Disadvantages of E-Commerce
• Loss of ability to inspect products from remote locations • Rapid developing pace of underlying technologies • Difficult to calculate return on investment • Cultural and legal impediments 11
What is working?
• Pornography • Travel / Tourism • Retail - items that don’t need personal touch objectivity in product quality and performance – music, books, gifts, Computers, electronic items – Auctions • Real Estate - houses and investment properties.
• Customer support services • More efficient and effective processes between businesses (B 2 B)
What is not working?
• Items which require “touch and trial” – Luxury goods – Clothes - beyond Tshirts • Groceries - it works for some people but market is restricted Note: Many OFF line factors determine success of Online service. Eg. Transport network, customer profiles,
E-commerce Mechanisms
• Electronic auctions – Competitive market mechanisms • Forward auctions – Sellers place offers and buyers make sequential bids • Reverse auctions – Sellers are invited to submit bids on product or service buyer wants • Bartering – Exchange of goods or services without money transactions • Portals – Information gateways • Single point of access through Web browser
Portals
• Commercial – Offer content to broad audiences • Routine • Little personalization • Publishing – Based on specific interests • Extensive search capabilities • Personal – Target specific filtered information • Narrow content • Personalized • Mobile – Accessible through mobile devices
Objectives?
• Why get online?
– Promote awareness of your Organization – Sell a product – Customer support – Information and contact page – Networking – Everyone else has a web page
Plan
• What is your product?
• Electronic, Services or physical • Portable and inexpensive to deliver • Tourism • Who is your market?
• Overseas Fish buyers • Upper income art collectors • Budget travellers / Up market • Obstacles, Implementation and deadlines.
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Consumer finds something she wants to buy at a “shop” on the Net
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Consumer sends on enciphered request for payment to her bank Shop 6 Verification and remittance of actual funds
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The electronic bank sends back a secure packet of e cash Merchant Server Consumer sends the e cash to the shop Shop Consumer’s Bank 5 The shop sends the packet of cash to its bank Consumer Public Key Merchant Bank
Agents and Intermediaries
Legal and Ethical Issues
• Fraud – Seller’s and buyer’s • Buyer protection • Seller protection – Unwarranted repudiation – Intellectual property rights – Domain names • Privacy issues – Cookies – Web tracking – Sales of lists – Monitoring e-mails and site visits • Taxation • Disintermediation • Intellectual Property issues
Major Legal and Ethical Issues in Electronic Commerce
• Privacy • Intellectual Property • Free Speech • Taxation • Computer Crimes • Consumer Protection • Miscellaneous
What is M-Commerce?
• Also known as pervasive computing – E-commerce done in a wireless environment – Any transaction with a monetary value that is conducted via a mobile telecommunications network.