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Strategy of the economy of mineral commodities in Poland Prof. Maciej Kaliski, Under-Secretary of State, Ministry of Economy Tadeusz Smakowski, PGI-NRI International Conference on EU 2020 Strategy in mineral commodities management 19-20 September 2011 – Polish Geological Institute, Warsaw Basic information Poland has one of the highest levels of self-sufficiency with respect to mineral raw materials among the EU members Nevertheless, Poland is a net importer of mineral commodities from many years, in both volume and value Political-economic changes of 1989 made possible introduction of a system of licenses for prospecting, exploration and extraction activities, along with rigid environmental limitations. The licenses are awarded to Polish and foreign companies. Basic information Information on mineral resources are presented in The Annual Report of Mineral Reserves/Resources and Groundwater Resources in Poland (since mid-1950s), on mineral commodities in the Minerals Yearbook of Poland and World (since early 1990s) and Perspective Resources of Poland (published once in a few years, the last time in 2011 The political-economic changes led to privatization of the whole mining sector, except for a few coal and lignite mines. Privatization resulted in profound modernization of mineral commodities operations. In result, copper, cement, ceramic, aggregate and ready-mix concrete sectors of that industry belong nowadays to the most modern in Europe. Basic information A remarkable progress was achieved in studies and implementation of technologies of extracting Se, Au, Ni and PGMs and, more recently, rhenium - Re from metallurgical waste of the KGHM Polish Copper S.A. Production of expanded perlite is developing also. Since almost 30 years, large progress was made in extraction of raw materials from waste and secondary sources. The examples include: crushed aggregate from metallurgical slag, synthetic gypsum as by-product of FGD (flue gas desulfurization),lead from recycling of leadacid batteries or kaoline from glass and foundry sands Basic information WORLD EXPORT EXPORT EXPORT EU COUNTRIES ECONOMY DOMESTIC ECONOMY PRIMARY SOURCES SECONDARY SOURCES MINING OUTPUT DUMPS AND TAILINGS SCRAPS CONCENTRATES PRODUCTS WORLD IMPORT IMPORT IMPORT IMPORT EXPORT CONSUMPTION DEMAND Raw material and mineral commodities legal regulation at Poland The act of 27th April 2001 on Environmental Protection Law The Act of 4th February 1994 on Geological and Mining Law The Act of 19th November 1999 on Economic/Business Activity The Act of 27thApril 2001 on Waste The Act of 16th October 1991 on Nature Conservation The Act of 18th July 2001 on Water Law The Act of 27th March 2003 on Spatial Planning and Land Development Relevant priorities of the 2nd Ecological Policy of Poland 2001 More resources/reserves recovery efficient in the protection of the domestic raw materials Evaluations of sufficiency of domestic base of mineral resources under varying market conditions and competition Evaluations of supply and demand for mineral commodities under conditions of reduction in use of raw materials and energy and diminished and waste stream. Publishing annual reports on management of mineral reserves/resource and MIneral commodities Relevant priorities of the 2nd Ecological Policy of Poland 2001 Providing information on possibilities to use the existing reserves / resources Developing of prospecting and exploration works of potential resources of mineral raw materials. Creation of mineral commodities policy under conditions of sustainable development International cooperation EU Commission Communication important for mineral commodities managemnt the CC of 21 december 2005 entitled Strategy of sustainable development of natural resources (COM 670 (2005)). the CC of 4 November 2008 entitled ‘The raw materials initiative - meeting our critical needs for growth and jobs in Europe’ (COM(2008)0699), the Staff Working Document accompanying the Commission Communication of 4 November 2008 entitled ‘The raw materials initiative - meeting our critical needs for growth and jobs in Europe’ (COM(2008)0699), (SEC(2008)2741), the CC of 15 September 2009 entitled ‘Policy coherence for development – Establishing the policy framework for a whole-of-the-Union approach’ (COM(2009)0458), EU Commission Communication important for mineral commodities managemnt the CC of 3 March 2010 entitled ‘Europe 2020: A strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth’ (COM(2010)2020), the CC of 28 October 2010 entitled ‘An Integrated Industrial Policy for the Globalisation Era Putting Competitiveness and Sustainability at Centre Stage’ (COM(2010)0614), the CC of 06 November 2010 entitled ‘Europe 2020 Flagship Initiative Innovation Union’ (COM(2010)0546), the CC of 9 November 2010 entitled ‘Trade, Growth and World Affairs - Trade Policy as a core component of the EU’s 2020 strategy’ (COM(2010)0612), the guidance document on ‘Non-energy mineral extraction and Natura 2000’ by the Directorate-General for the Environment, European Commission, EU Commission Communication important for mineral commodities managemnt the Commission Green Paper of 10 November 2010 entitled ‘EU development policy in support of inclusive growth and sustainable development – increasing the impact of EU development policy’ (COM(2010)0629), the CC of 10 November 2010 entitled ‘on the consolidation of EU Africa relations’ (COM(2010)0634), the CC of 2 February 2011 entitled ‘Tackling the challenges in commodity markets and on raw materials’ (COM(2011)0025), the CC of 26 January 2011 entitled ‘A resource-efficient Europe – Flagship initiative of the Europe 2020 Strategy’ (COM(2011)0021), the CC of 8 March 2011 entitled ‘A Roadmap for moving to a competitive low carbon economy in 2050’ (COM(2011)0112/4), the report on ‘Critical Raw Materials for the EU’ by the Subgroup of the Raw Material Supply Group of Directorate-General for Enterprise and Industry, Framework of mineral policy of Poland Raw material & mineral commodities on EU sustainable development policy Possibilities and perspectives for development of domestic mineral resources. Further standarisation o raw material and mineral commodities for neccesities of mineral commodities management Possibilities of extraction of mineral deposits under sustainable development conditions Role of the Polish base of mineral resources for the EU in medium- and long-term horizons Framework of mineral policy of Poland Influence exerted by legal, environmental and economic criteria on the state and size of base of domestic mineral resources. Role of secondary sources, waste and recycling in economy and protection of domestic base of mineral resources / reserves. International cooperation and operations on mineral raw materials market in the third countries. Support for R&D (research and development) in innovative technologies for obtaining new mineral commodities and substitutes. Continuous monitoring and adjustments of the national raw materials policy Summary The framework of Polish raw material policy for medium- and long-term time horizon matches all the major postulates of the Second Ecological Policy of Poland from 2001and relevant guiding principles and are coherent with proposals presented by EU DGs. The postulates and guiding principles are successfully implemented in several fields, especially in studies on mineral deposits, raw materials/mineral commodities supply and demand, exploration and protection of mineral deposits and recovery of mineral commodities from secondary sources and waste. Summary Activities which should be intensified primarily include involvement of the Polish Geological Survey in exploration of mineral resources in the third countries, especially in Africa, so-called raw materials diplomacy Activity of Polish companies in prospecting, exploration and development of mineral resources in the third countries, not only the neighboring ones.