Transcript Slajd 1 - Obserwatorium Astronomiczne Uniwersytetu

ND280 – guided tour –
1. Informacje ogólne
5. Detektory fotonów
2. wiązka
6. Informacja z detektorów
fotonów
3. Magnes
7. Kalendarz prac
4. Detektory
a) p0
b) Traker
i. FGD
ii. TPC
c) SMRD
i. W spillu
ii. Poza spillem
iii. SMRD a sprawa polska
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
1
Podstawowe
wiadomości:
Po co
The neutrino spectrum at the far detector is estimated by correcting the
neutrino spectrum measured at the near detector by an extrapolation
function obtained from the beam Monte Carlo simulation(far/near ratio).
The goal of the ND280 detector is to measure the neutrino ( nm and ne)
spectra and to study the neutrino cross sections to predict the response at
the far detector.
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
2
Podstawowe
wiadomości:
Po co
Po co czyli Near detector tasks :
SuperK ne background < 10%
ne appearance measurement in SK
νμ event normalisation < 5%
The energy scale in the near detector is
set by the Magnet-TPC spectrometer
system. (B mapping better than 1%).
Energy scale <2%
non-QE/CCQE at 5-10%
Beam linear distortion < 20%
Width < 10%
Maria H. Szeptycka
The nm event normalization and the
spectrum shape (linear distortion and
width of the spectrum) measurement
will be done by measuring the CCQE
events
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
3
Podstawowe
wiadomości:
Jak
Jak czyli informacje Techniczne:
Wiązka 30 (?) GeV protony na tarczy C
Moc wiązki
Struktura czasowa
Trudno jest podać końcowe
liczby, bo w rożnych okresach
będą różne.
Kat 2.50 – wiązka neutrin z wiązka pierwotnych protonów - off axis
Magnes
•Rozmontowany, do transportu z CERNu.
•Montowany w Japonii i elementy spuszczane do studni -23m
Detektor montowany w
•Studni
•ex magnesie UA1,
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
4
Podstawowe
wiadomości:
Gdzie
Maria H. Szeptycka
W studni będzie ciasno..
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
5
MAGNES
Jarzmo 8*2 moduły C, 55 t / moduł
The total weight of the yoke is 850 tons.
The external dimensions of the magnet are 7.6m(L)x6.1m(H)x5.6m(W).
Dipol 0.2 T.
Geometria;
Jarzmo otwarte
Struktura jarzma C
6.1m
C is segmented in 12
azimuthal sections.
Each section is made
of 16 iron plates 5 cm
thick, with 1.7 cm
air gap between plates.
Magnes zamknięty
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
6
MAGNES
Jarzmo magnesu, pole prostopadłe do beamu i grawitacji 0.2T
Z góry
złożony
7.6m
Pole B
beam
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
7
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
8
MAGNES
Maria H. Szeptycka
Dla lepszego wyobrażenia..
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
9
MAGNES
I jego transport do Japonii
No fragile each 55 tons (normal truck <30 tons)
Orientation during transport
and storing
•total 848 tons,
•overall dimensions each 3x1x6.5 m3
No special box or protection are foreseen.
The only protection will be a cover against
rain
Detail to be defined with the Shipping
Company
Orientation during lowering
in the pit
based on their preferred shipping
configuration and proposed container.
Shipping configurations proposed by
Company have to be verified
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
10
MAGNES
Ustawienie w studni i alignement, chłodzenie
Montaż modułów jarzma
•Test insertion of dummy modules and adjustment
possibilities under discussion
• conceptual installation scheme for electronics exists
• engineering design on hold until decision
Magda Posiadała
on reinforcement bar
Tadeusz Kozłowski
SMRD cooling system
MHS
Alignement - względne ustawienie modułów jarzma
•Wiemy że alignement z dokładnością +-1mm powinno być
wystarczajace dla montazu liczników SMRD, ale jak
wyjdzie?
Require good alignment (see Andre’s presentation)
Chłodzenie „SMRD cooling system only required if coils are
not chilled”
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
11
DETEKTORY
Nie pokazuje struktury
mechanicznej („basket”) na
której wiszą.
p0 detector
Kalorymetr
elektromagnetyczny
Traker
•TPC Time Projection
Chamber
•FGD Fine Graine
Detector
SMRD - Side Muon Range
Detector
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
12
„BASKET”
Maria H. Szeptycka
struktura mechaniczna („basket”) na której wiszą
detektory.
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
13
ECAL
DS
DS ECAL comprises 1 module containing:-
33 Pb layers
34 scint. Layers
Total number of Scintillator bars = 3468.
Dimensions:- 2.3m x 2.3m x 0.5m.
Each module will have a carbon fibre face
panel front and back with structurally stiff
aluminium sides.
Weight of modules ~ 5.3 tonnes
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
14
ECAL
DS
DS ECAL design completed and reviewed
•Materials ordered
•Labs and devices (scanners, moving, etc)
~ready
DS ECAL
•Production lab at Lancaster ready
•Layers construction in January-March
2008
•Module assembly and QA in April-June
•MPPC installation in August
•Cosmics runs starting in September
•CERN test-beam in Spring 2009
•Installation at Tokai in 08-09 2009
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
15
p0
„The primary physics goal of the P0D is to measure neutral
current p0 events produced in a water target within the
expected momentum T2K ne appearance signal”.
The P0D is a solid scintillator strip detector using water to provide
a large oxygen content
It is based on the K2K SciBar experience and the MINERvA design.
The P0D target is constructed of water layers between X-Y
scintillator modules which provide the charged particle tracking.
The scintillator modules are constructed with 10% lead by mass so
it has a high probability of creating an electromagnetic shower.
The P0D has a total target mass of approximately 15 tons and a
fiducial mass of approximately 5 tons.
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
16
p0
Mieli kłopoty…
Light generated by passing
particles in the scintillator bars is
collected by a 1mm diameter Y-11
Wavelength Shifting Fiber (WLS)
threaded axially through the bars.
The light is collected by a photo
sensor at one end of the bar.
•The photo sensor is housed in
an optical connector which screws
to the frame as shown
•The far end of the fiber is
polished and mirrored, and
terminates at the far end of the
scintillating bar.
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
17
p0
3 Super-PØDules
Upstream ECAL (3200 kg)
7 PØDules
7 4mm-thick lead radiators
Target (11000 kg)
2857.3 kg water
26 PØDules
25 1.6mm brass radiators
25 Water target layers
Split into 2 sub-units for pre-installation
handling
Central ECAL (3200 kg)
7 PØDules
7 4mm-thick lead radiators
Total Mass is 17600 kg - 2857.3 kg water
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
18
p0
Construction Status
•Schedule is Tight
•Designs and prototypes for all subsystems moving forward
•Component production begins early 2008
•Assembly begins May/June 2008
•Ready for shipment in January 2009
•Allows a 3 month contingency
Component purchases have begun
Trip-T ASIC fabrication order being tendered
Wydaje się
że sa to
plany na
2008
Photosensors
Several dozen in Feb, 500/week starting in April (~11500 total)
To be tendered shortly
Scintillator Production (3000 bars on hand)
Fiber, &c
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
19
TRACKER
„The first role for the tracker is to
isolate a clean sample of CCQE
events.
In order to do that, both the proton
(mostly in the FGD) and the muon
track need to be reconstructed.
Detecting the recoil proton allows
to select a high purity CCQE
sample”.
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
20
TRACKER
FGD
„The FGDs form part of the ND280's tracker. Its primary
function is to measure the neutrino beam's flux, energy
spectrum, and flavor composition by observing charged
current neutrino interactions.”
Tracker consists of
• 3 TPCs
• 2 FGD modules,
The FGDs are thin enough (< 30 cm) that most of the penetrating
particles produced in neutrino interactions, especially muons, will reach
the TPCs where their momenta and charges will be measured by their
bending in the magnetic field.
The ND280 detector will contain two massive fine-grained detectors
(FGDs), which provide the target mass for neutrino interactions as well
as tracking of charged particles coming from the interaction vertex.
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
21
FGD provides target mass for tracker (2 x ~1 tonne)
dimensions: ~2m x ~2m x ~30cm
•one all-plastic FGD,
•one plastic with 6 x 2.5cm water panels FGD
Light produced in scintillator bar is readout using a wavelength shifting
(WLS) fibre coupled to MPPC.
TRACKER
FGD
XY Modulle Construction
Each module consists of
•an X layer,
•a Y layer and
•two G10 skins.
Second FGD is composed of water layers
interleaved with scintillator.
Must measure CCQE cross-section on
water, since SuperK is water-based
detector.
currently 20 of 24 modules glued
 Considerable R/D was done for module gluing procedure. Metal jig was
constructed to ensure that X and Y layers were aligned and
perpendicular.
light injection with LEDs on every channel - analog sum trigger
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
22
TRACKER
FGD
Scintillator bars
The number of bars needed for
•the plastic FGD is 192*30=5760
•the water-rich FGD 192*14=2688 bars.
The total number of bars is ~10000.
The geometrical specications of each bar
• Length (z dimension) =1843.21 mm
• Outside x and y dimensions =9.6 mm
• TiO2 thickness=0.25 mm, (co-extruded bar
coating)
• Active dimensions=9.1 mm
• Hole diameter=1.8 +- 0.3 mm
February 2008: start of photosensor delivery
 February-April 2008: stringing of XY modules and mounting
of photosensors
 May 2008: start FGD commissioning
 Summer 2008-Winter 2009: beam tests, calibration
shakedown
 Summer 2009: ship to Tokai
Plany:
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
23
TRACKER
TPC
The proton momentum is soft so that some will stop before
entering the TPC volume. The TPC will also provide further
information useful to study events with additional pion
tracks.
The CCQE represents 40% of the total neutrino crosssection at these energies and the TPC will provide 3-D
information on the event, this classication is expected to be
relatively straightforward.
It will also be important to distinguish the products from
neutrino interactions inside the fiducial volume of the near
detector from other beam related activity.
In particular, neutrino interactions in the magnet iron will
produce many charged particles that will enter the fiducial
volume.
The excellent 3D granularity of TPCs will allow these to be
distinguished more easily than in a projective 2D tracker”.
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
24
TRACKER
TPC
Geometria
Maria H. Szeptycka
The geometry of the TPC follows from the
constraints given the UA1 magnet.
Three TPCs are needed in order to measure the
momenta of particles originating from the two FGD
targets.
The outer dimensions of each module are
roughly 2.5 m 2.5 m in the plane perpendicular to
the neutrino beam direction, and 1.0 m along the
beam direction.
The transverse dimension is chosen to provide
space between the inner wall of the magnet and
the TPC modules for electromagnetic calorimeter
and for a mechanical support cage.
The dimension along the beam direction is
chosen to achieve the required momentum
resolution, including the necessary inactive
elements.
The upstream TPC will measure backscattered
particles from the upstream FGD as well as high
momentum muons exiting the P0D in the forward
direction.
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
25
Several parts have been machined (oversized) on the router
final machining to final size to be done once router
calibration is under control
outer panels: need final machining
inner panels: under
construction
endplate: under
construction
cathode, module
frame: not started
service spacer: in
machine shop
service covers: under
construction
Operation is considered at
•an electric field around 200 V/cm,
•the cathode being at a potential of 􀀀25 kV.
TRACKER
TPC
Ar-CF4-iC4H10 Purifier design from ALICE
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
26
TRACKER
TPC
Maria H. Szeptycka
First tracks with AFTER based FEE
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
27
Barrel ECAL
The ECAL consists of lead-scintillator sandwich sampling
calorimeter modules located around the ND280 inner detectors
on all four sides and at the downstream end of the magnet.
The Electromagnetic Calorimeter comprises two sections.
The Tracker ECAL (TECAL) surrounds the FGDs and TPCs.
•The main purpose of the Tracker ECAL is to aid the Tracker in fully
reconstructing neutrino interactions
•It detects, reconstructs, and identies particles leaving the tracking volume.
•The TECAL is also important for the energy measurement of electrons from
beam ne.
The P0D ECAL (gamma / muon tagger) is a simpler device which helps to
positively identify photons and muons escaping the P0D.
Both ECAL sections tag interactions occurring outside the inner detectors, which
produce event signatures that can resemble those of signal neutrino interactions in
the ducial volumes of the inner detectors.
The good cluster and MIP reconstruction capabilities of the ECALs, will allow
satisfactory background rejection to be performed.
Ale chyba nie będzie działał w 2009r.
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
28
SMRD
W czasie spillu
„The principal tasks for the side muon range detector (SMRD)
are to
(1) measure muon momenta and angle for CC-QE reactions to
help determine the neutrino energy,
(2) identify backgrounds from beam neutrino interactions in the
iron yokes, and in the cavity walls surrounding the detector,
and
Te miony z oddziaływań
CC neutrin z wiązki
powinien widzieć SMRD
Poza czasem
spillu
Maria H. Szeptycka
(3)trigger on through going cosmic ray muons for calibration
purposes of the inner detector components.
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
29
Tu
dochodzą
obejmy, w
które
wsuwane są
MPPC –
odczyt
światła z 2
końców
fibra.
SMRD
Liczniki są
wsunięte w
szczeliny w
jarzmie.
Rogi nie są wypełnione
Maria H. Szeptycka
1 counter (0.7x17x87 cm)
Scintillator thickness: 7.0 mm
Groove depth: 2.5 mm
L.Y. = 19.6 ±0.6 p.e. (19 Mar. 2007)
L.Y. = 18.8 ±0.6 p.e. (10 Sept. 2007)
[readout with MRS-APD at INR]
Confirmed by test at LSU
Light yield for SMRD prototype scintillator slab can be
readout with 99.5% detection efficiency if average
L.y.=15p.e./MIP.
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
30
SMRD
Bardzo skomplikowana obejma scyntylatorów, ale czy można mniej?
Od jakości
względnego
ustawienia C w studni
zależy jak dobrze da
się wypełnić szczeliny
w jarzmie licznikami.
Planowana jest
łapka do ew. wymiany
uszkodzonych
detektorów odczytu.
Chyba nie
możliwości wymiany
uszkodzonych
scyntylatorów.
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
31
SMRD
w spillu
Liczba i rozmieszczenie liczników w szczelinach jarzma magnesu
Rozmieszczenie modułów wynika z
1. Wpływu materiału cewki na pęd
widocznych w SMRD mionów
2. Charakterystyk kątowych mionów
z oddziaływań CC
Top / bottom
Left / (right)
Paweł Przewłocki
Problemem nie jest szerokość
szczelin w modułach C (~17mm) w
które mają wejść liczniki (~8mm).
Jest względne ustawienie modułów
C, ponieważ liczniki będą wsuwane
w jarzmo PO złożeniu magnesu w
studni.
Maria H. Szeptycka
Liczba
scyntylatorów 1120
Zamówienie 2000 szt.
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
786
1906
32
WIĄZKA
Struktura czasowa wiązki i elektroniki
spill
1. Odległość spill – spill 3.53 s (0.3 Hz)
2. Spill początek – koniec 5.17 ms
3. W spillu 15 bunchy 60ns, odległość 270 ns (całkowanie+reset)
4. Po spillu jeszcze 8 „bunchy” (2.8ms)
5. Czas czytania 15+8 bunchy = 74ms
6. Wtedy przełączenie na tryger kosmiczny
spill
stop
start
2
4 5
2
4 5
1
2
4
1
6
5
1
6
6
Czas na tryger kosmiczny (kalibrację) = 3.53s – (5.17+2.8+74)*10-6s = ~3.53s
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
33
SMRD
poza
spillem
SMRD jako tryger – GEOMETRIA
Widok w x-y
 Wieża - Segment w x, y, z
 Na zebraniu w KEK była
dyskusja o trygerze, może
skomentuje ktoś z jej
uczestników?
Detektory
Wewnętrzne
ND280
 Symulacja trygera
Piotr Mijakowski & Karol Strykowski
muon
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
34
SMRD
a sprawa
polska
SMRD Production Responsibilities
1) Scintillator size and tolerances have been fixed:
Poziom: 7 x 167 x 875 mm
Pion: 7 x 175 x 875 mm
2) Scintillator production (+ chemical reflector):Preparation of Production in
Progress at Uniplast (Rosja)
1000 detectors now
1000 detectors by end of 2008
3) Groove milling (INR)
4) QA of WLS fibers and scintillators, gluing (INR)
5) Endcap + optical connector: Production of Mold has started
(Softtouch,US)
Krzysztof Zaremba
6) Assembly + packaging (INR)
Robert Sulej
7) Photosensor tests at INR, LSU, Warsaw
~4000 MPPC
8) Slow Control (LSU,Warsaw)
9) Electronics testing (UPitt)
10) Cooling if needed (Cracow) SMRD cooling system only required if coils
are not chilled !
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
35
MPPC
Wymagania:
Detektor światła – liczy fotony z WLS
Multi Pixel Photon Counter
ND280: ~70000 WLS fiber readout
channels.
Działa w polu magnetycznym!!
# pixels
Active area
Gain
Minimum PDE
Bias voltage
Dark rate
p.e.)
Pulse width
Life time, stability
 400
1.0-1.2 mm2
~106
12%
25-70 V
 1MHz (th = 0.5
MPPC:
1.0x1.0 mm2
400 pixels
1.3x1.3 mm2 667 pixels
50 000 szt dla ND280
Producent Hamamatsu
 50 ns
Photosensor tests at
Kyoto
INR
Main parameters: PDE, dark rate, gain, cross-talk
LSU, CSU
are measured
TRIUMF
All MPPC parameters are stable within 5%
Sheffield, Warwick,
very good
accuracy after heat test
HPK will provide simple tests  2 parameters:
- Operating bias voltage at 25oC for gain  7.5x105
także Politechnika
Warszawska (KZ, RS)
- Dark rate at operating bias voltage
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
36
MPPC
Uwagi dot. MPPC Bardzo nowy detektor – pojawił się w katalogach
Hamamatsu na wiosnę 2007.
1. Pierwsze zastosowanie w tej skali (~50 000 kanalów) MPPC w eksperymencie
2. MPPC są bardzo czułe na zmiany temperatury
a) Wzmocnienie maleje ze wzrostem temperatury
b) Liczba „afterpulsów” rośnie ze wzrostem
temperatury
3. Decyzja o zastosowaniu MPPC z liczbą pikseli = 675.
4. + tego wyboru
a) Łatwiej jest zrobić alignement f MPPC 1.3 mm,
WSL 1.mm
5. - tego wyboru
b) Wspólny i standardowy dla całego ND280
a) SMRD nie potrzebuje tak dużej liczby pikseli
b) Efektywność rejestracji fotonu maleje ze wzrostem liczby pikseli
c) Ten model MPPC nie figuruje w katalogach Hamamatsu z lata 2007
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
37
MPPC
ALE….
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
38
MPPC
informacja
2 kanały TRIPt /MPPC: o dużej i małej amplitudzie
Zasilanie globalne
(~70V)
analogue
pipeline
MPPC
HVtrim dobrane dla pojedynczego MPPC (~0-5 V)
MPPC
Kabel
Maria H. Szeptycka
Zasilanie
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
Szybki sygnał 0/1
powyżej zadanego
progu
TRIPt
2kanały / MPPC
39
TRIPt
chip TRIgger and Pipeline with Timing*)
 Inputs of the TRIP-t are
• the analog pulses from the fibers after amplification by the MPPC.
• digital timing inputs to control e.g. the time window over which the
system should be sensitive to pulses.
 Outputs of the TRIP-t are
(1) a digital signal to use for triggering;
(2) an analog pulse (~1V) that is proportional to the amplitude of the input
from the MPPC, called the A-pulse;
(3) an analog pulse (~1V) that is proportional to the time between the firing
of the discriminator and the closing of the time-gate, called the t-pulse.
 The chip contains an analog pipeline just before the final output drivers.
 The A-pulse and t-pulse outputs are stored in analog pipelines
 Outputs to form trigger signals are created by discriminators in the front end,
and readout quickly through the digital multiplexer.
*) TRIPt jest rodem z FERMILAB (D0). W ND280 są zmiany, których przyczyn nie
rozumiem.
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
40
Kalendarz
prac w
Japonii
 Beam line construction started Apr. 2004
 ND280 pit construction start Jul. 2007
 UA1 magnet installation Apr. 2008
 Completion of ND280 building Mar. 2009
 Neutrino beam line commissioning Apr. 2009
 ND280 Commissioning Oct. 2009
Magnes
•instalacja 04-05 2008
•zamknięty / włączony
05-06 2009 oraz

od 11 2009.
SMRD
•Instalacja
góra – dół 02–03 2009
lewo – prawo 07–09 2009
Chłodzenie 04 2009
T2K Physics run Nov. 2009...
ND280 Schedule(NEW) ( Simplified version ) (Uploaded on 2007-Mar-22)
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
41
Spill Structure
Spill Structure
5.17µs
5.17µs
5.17µs
3.53s
3.53s
Bunch Structure
58ns
58ns
260ns
58ns
260ns
58ns
260ns
Chip Time Structure integration
•
•
58ns
260ns
58ns
260ns
58ns
260ns
58ns
260ns
58ns
260ns
reset
15 batches
charge integrated in batches
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
42
TRIP-t Front-end architecture
preamp
integrate/reset
very simplified –
neglecting features not relevant
to ND280 operation
gain adjust
1,2,3,…8
Qin
analogue pipeline
1pF
3pF
gain = 1 or 4
discriminator
x10
disc. O/P
Vth
reset
• only preamp gain affects signal feeding
discriminator
– no fine control (x1 or x4)
• discriminator threshold Vth
– common to all channels on chip
• analogue bias settings
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
43
Gain Considerations
1pF
single tript
channel
analogue
pipeline
Qin
reset
disc. O/P
x10
Vth
~ 1V dynamic range
available at preamp O/P
~ similar voltage range
at x10 amp O/P
~ similar disc. thresh.
voltage adjustment range
• SiPM
– gain = 5 x 105 and Npe<500
• 2.5 V CMOS
– dynamic ranges of internal circuits ~ 1V
• implications for discriminator threshold range
– 0 – 5 p.e. adjustment range then 5 p.e. ≡ 1V at x10 O/P
– 1V ≡ 50 p.e. at preamp O/P
high gain channel willND280
saturate
Maria–
H. Szeptycka
- Guided Tourat ~ 50 p.e.
KRAKÓW październik 2007
• effective threshold spread
44
SiPM  TFB Connection
HVglobal: common to all SiPM
channels on TFB
HVtrim: individual for each SiPM
channel, 5V adjustment range (choice
of 8/10/12 bit DAC precision)
HVtrim applied to coax sheath – AC
but not DC coupled to GND
HVglobal
47k
50V, 0402
220pF
50V
0402
47k
50V, 0402
51R
LV
0603
100V, 0603
coax sheath not DC
coupled to GND
1k
LV, 0402
trip-t
100pF
100V
0603
cal test
pulse 10pF
SiPM
significant no. of
passives/channel –
need careful, high
density layout
100nF
LV
0402
330pF
100V
0603
10pF
100V
0603
HVtrim(0-5V)
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
KRAKÓW październik 2007
45
Trigger Path
SiPM
amp
disc
FE FPGA
(TFB)
Vth
output
driver
10-20 m
• FE FPGA
– channel mask (64ch)
– look for trigger primitives
• N hits in ~100 nsec window
• tracks
– drive output
Trigger FPGA
(GTM)
SCINT
trigger
TPC
trigger
• Trigger FPGA
październik
– require certain FE KRAKÓW
FPGA
hit 2007
pattern
Maria H. Szeptycka
ND280 - Guided Tour
46