Space and sustainability Marek Banaszkiewicz Space Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences May 14, 2012 Kraków 1

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A PILLAR OF EU POLICY

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What is sustainable development?

• Brundtland (UN) report, 1987 • "Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.„ • The fourth element: culture • Renewable resources: a key to survival Kraków May 14, 2012 3

Main global issues

• Climate change – Limit greenhouse effect – Protect environment • Energy and raw material resources – Renewable energies – Raw materials from space?

• Food crisis – Water, commodity that is getting scarce – Efficient agriculture is a must May 14, 2012 Kraków 4

Can space-based tools help?

• Space applications: – Telecommunication; yes, through better and faster dissemination of information, through reliable link in emergency situations (disasters) – Navigation: yes, through efficient management of transportation fleets, through localization of people that need assistance – Earth observations: yes, through global and frequent acquisition and dissemination of data about land, oceans, atmosphere and infrastructure May 14, 2012 Kraków 5

GMES – AN EUROPEAN ANSWER

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GMES – European flagship in Earth Observations

• GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security) is a joint initiative of EC and ESA that has started in 2000 • It has got three components: satellites ,

in situ

, and services • Costs so far amount to 2.4 BEuro, and are are expected to be 5.8 BEuro in 2014 – 2020 Kraków May 14, 2012 7

GMES - Satellites

• Sentinels: 1 to 5, launched in series (A, B, C…). Always two series on orbit.

• Characteristics: – Sentinel 1: radar satellite in C band for monitoring ice, sees and vegetation – Sentinel 2: multichannel optical system (res >10 m) for wide swath land monitoring – Sentinel 3: multispectral optical system (med. Res. 250 m) for global vegetation monitoring – Sentinel 4 & 5: atmosphere monitoring May 14, 2012 Kraków 8

GMES - Services

• Groups of services: – Land monitoring – Monitoring of oceans and sees – Monitoring of the atmosphere – Emergency service – Service for security – Climate change monitoring (a new one) Kraków May 14, 2012 9

Examples

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POLAND’S CONTRIBUTION

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Participation in GMES

• Projects of 6th and 7th FP – Land monitoring: geoland and geoland2 (IGiK and SRC) – Ocean monitoring: Myocean (Marine Institute) – Atmosphere monitoring: MACC (Institute of Environment Protection) – Security: G-MOSAIC (SRC) Kraków May 14, 2012 12

PECS projects

• Flood warning system for a single catchment • Carbon balance assessment for Polish forests • Biebrza wetlands as a ecosystem in transition • Biofuels: where to grow them and how efficient it can be May 14, 2012 Kraków 13

Examples: geoland2

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Examples: G-MOSAIC

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Emergency: Safer activation in 2010 for flood monitoring

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ANOTHER ASPECTS OF SPACE CONQUEST

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Thank you for your attention

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