Transcript FARMATAN IN RUMINANT NUTRITION

International Dairy Workshop & Exhibition, Izmir, Turkey, April 28-29th, 2008
Benefits using
sweet chestnut tannin
in dairy cow nutrition
University of Ljubljana
Dep. Animal Science
Slovenia
In abomasum and
small intestine:
1. Disintegration of
insoluble complexes
between proteins
and tannins
2. Release of
proteins and gallic
acid
In reticulo-rumen:
1. Formation of
insoluble complexes
between proteins and
tannins
2. Partial inactivation
of microorganisms
3. Partial inactivation
of enzymes
Tannin-protein complexes (effect of pH)
14
1200
1000
(ct/min)
C Fraction I protein released
1400
800
600
400
200
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
pH
6
7
8
9
10
Jones and Mangan, 1977
Effect of tannins on the production of ammonia
and degradability of dry substance in vitro
(regression coefficients of equation a + bx)
Chestnut extract
Ammonia
a
b
IVDMDeg
a
b
IVDMDig
a
b
65,25
-5,14
70,59
-3,17
88,53
-0,46
Gonzalez in sod., 2002
Effect of chestnut tannins on in vitro gas
production and methanogenesis from starch
Chestnut extract (mg/ml)
0
0.33
0.67
1.33
Total potential gas
production (ml)
528a
505b
511b
508b
Maximum fermentation
rate (ml/h)
50.6a
42.1b
58.0a
43.8b
Time of maximum
fermentation rate (h)
8.9a
13.8b
8.9a
10.0ab
Methane (ml/g DM)
Metan (vol %)
18.9a
4.8a
18.7a
4.7b
16.6b
4.5c
13.5c
4.2d
Sivka and Lavrenčič, 2007
Effective degradability of N (r = 0,05) of ground (G) and
pelleted (P) soybean meal crude protein treated with
chestnut tannins
640
Effective degradability (g/kg)
630
620
610
600
590
580
570
560
550
Control
G 3,66%
G 7,32%
P 3,66%
P 7,32%
Lavrenčič et al., 2001
Evolution of in vitro ammonia concentration (mmol/l)
16
mmol ammonia/l
14
12
10
8
Control
6
Chestnut tannin 2,5%
4
0
2
4
6
8
10
Day of experiment
Sliwinski et al., 2001
Daily evolution of pH value: feeding at 8:00 AM
6,8
6,6
6,4
pH
6,2
5,8
5,6
5,4
7:00
AM
Control
8:00
AM
9:00
AM
10:00
AM
11:00
AM
12:00
PM
1:00
PM
Time after feeding
2:00
PM
Chestnut tannin
3:00
PM
4:00
PM
Northwest Engineering
6
Effect of chestnut tannins on milk yield
(Errante et al., 1998)
29,0
Tmax = 28°C
Tmin = 17,5°C
Milk yield (kg/d)
27,0
25,0
23,0
21,0
19,0
17,0
15,0
14/6
28/6
12/7
Control
26/7
Tannin
10/8
23/8
Effect of chestnut tannins on milk protein contents
(Orešnik, 1996)
Milk protein (%)
3,20
3,15
3,10
3,05
3,00
C ontrol
Tannin
Ma
y
Ju
ne
Ju
ly
Au
g
Se
Oc
p
tob
tem
us
er
t
be
r
Effect of chestnut tannins on milk production and
composition
Control
Chestnut
tannin
Control
Chestnut
tannin
Milk production (kg)
23.5
23.8
19.0
19.5
Protein content (%)
3.26
3.25
3.37
3.49
Urea content (mg/l)
239
219
489
457
Lavrenčič and Suhoveršnik, 2006
Effect of FARMATAN on early weaned calves
Number of animals: 62 early weaned Brown-swiss bulls (31 in control and 31 in trial group)
Duration of trial: 3 months
Farmantan*: 5 kg/t compound feed (prestarter, starter)
Control
Farmatan 0,5%
140
133
120
%
100
100
100
92
80
60
Average daily gain (g/day)
* Farmatan with 55% of active substance
Source: M. Štruklec, A. Orešnik, Biotechnical Faculty, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1997
Feed conversion ratio
Nitrogen fractions (%) in grass silages prepared with
chestnut tannins
80
a
a
Control
3 g/kg
15 g/kg
30 g/kg
70
ab
b
50
a
40
b
30
c
20
c
a
10
b
c
0
True CP
Soluble CP
Ammonia
c
Lavrenčič and Levart, 2006
60
Contents of volatile fatty acids (g/kg DM) in grass silages
prepared with different amounts of chestnut extract
Chestnut tannin
(g/kg fresh grass)
0
3
15
Lactic acid
101,1a 95,8a
30
80,6b
80,9b
Acetic acid
17,9
15,8
11,6
16,8
Propionic acid
0,09
0,08
0,09
0,08
Butyric acid
1,31
1,21
0,16
0,09
3,85ab
3,78b
3,84ab
3,92a
pH
Lavrenčič and Levart, 2006
Important advantages in ruminants nutrition
• chestnut tannins:
- improve milk persistence (increase milk yield)
- increase milk protein yield
- lower the milk urea concentration
- improve silage fermentation process and increase protein
utilization from silage
- lower the incidence of gastrointestinal and digestive disorders
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE USE OF FARMATAN IN
RUMINANT NUTRITION
RUMINANTS
Dairy cows
Fattening
Small ruminants
(sheep, goat)
Calves (rearing, white meat
production)
Dosages
2 – 5 kg/ton of compound feed
5 – 10 g/day per animal – starch containing diets
5 – 20 g/day per animal – maize silage containing diets
10 – 20 g/day per animal – soluble protein containing diets
20 – 40 g/day per animal – in stress conditions
15 – 30 g/day per animal
0,3 % of protein content in supplemental compound feeds
3 – 5 kg/ton of compound feed
1,5 – 10 g/day per animal
1 – 3 kg/ton of compound feed
3 – 5 g/day per animal