Transcript Progress of EAGLE Phase 1 - BB Array Tomographic Imaging

ESARSWG: Background and
Current status
Atalay Ayele
AfricaArray 2nd Workshop
Palmanova, Italy
February 26-27, 2005
CONTENT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
History
Current status with respect to its recent past
Current activities
Problems
Plans in the years ahead
Ethiopian case?
•Seismicity after Sieberg and
Krenkel
•Rare or unknown
•Moderately frequent not
violent
•Frequent occasionally
destructive
•World-shaking shocks
WWSSN era
since 1960s
PLUS
GDSN
HLW, AAE,
BUL, LWI?
KLMBO, LSZ
FURI, ATD,
LBTB, BGCA
etc
There are a lot of events passing
unnoticed at local scale b/se of poor
station distribution and technology
ESARSWG formed
• The first activity of ESARSWG started in 1993 in
Dar es Selam
• Participating countries were: Eritrea, Ethiopia,
Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi,
Zimbabwe
• Funded mainly by IPPS (International Program in
the Physical Sciences) of UU
• Prof. Lennart.Hasselgren played a major role
• University of Bergen through Prof. Jens Havskov
in training and data analysis using SEISAN
Seismic Stations in the region at
the beginning
Data analysis
• Mainly to produce bulletin
• At the beginning it was clumsy and costly
b/se people have to carry seismograms to
the analysis center
• Then we started to bring phase readings of
each country on a floppy
• At the present we exchange data by e-mail
and only one country processes the data and
prepares the bulletin on a rotation basis
Training
• Many PhD and Msc students have been
trained in Bergen and Uppsala
• That is a great capacity building in
seismology in Africa
• Many technicians have been trained also at
regional centers or in Norway and Sweden
Current status of seismic stations
No.
1
2
3
Country
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Uganda
STAtn
Type of instrument
Seism
Comp
Record
Clock
Period
P.status
ASME
S-13
1SZ
A/Lenarz
Radio
1986-
Operat.
SHBE
Geophon
3SZ
GeoSIG
GPS
2003
Operat
GELE
Geophon
3SZ
GeoSIG
GPS
2003
Test
ABSE
L4C
1SZ
D/Nanom
GPS
1998-
Operat.
AAE
Beinoff
3SZNE
A/WWSSN
Radio
1959-
Operat.
FURI
CMG-3T
3BBZNE
Quantera
GPS
1997-
Operat
DESE
Le-3d/5
3SZNE
Ref.DAS
GPS
1989-
Operat.
WNDE
Le-3d/5
3SZNE
Ref.DAS
GPS
1985-
Operat.
ALME
Le-3d/5
3SZNE
Ref.DAS
GPS
1986-
Operat.
ENT
L4C
MBAR
1SZ
3BZNE
3SZNE
3BZNE
A/MEQ800
D/SEISLOG
D/ORION
D/MK-71SP-D
GPS
GPS
GPS
GPS
1990-
CMG-40T
L4-3D
KS-54000
Operat.
Down
Operat.
Operat.
MAG
L4C
L4-3D
L4C
L4-3D
Le-3d/5
3SZNE
1SZ
3SZNE
1SZ
3SZNE
3SZNE
A/MEQ-800
D/ORION
A/MEQ-800
D/ORION
D/Zip drive
GPS
GPS
GPS
GPS
GPS
GPS
KMBO
IRIS
3BZNE
D/IRIS
MER
Le-3d/5
3SZNE
LAN
Le-3d/5
NAI
CMT-3T
1994-
Operat.
Operat.
Operat.
Operat.
Operat.
Down
GPS
1995-
Operat.
D/MARS88
GPS
1997-
Down
3SZNE
D/MARS88
GPS
1997-
Operat.
Le-3d/5
3SZNE
D/SEISLOG
GPS
1995-
Operat.
MORO
L4-C
3SZNE
D/ORION
GPS
Operat.
MBA
L4-C
3SZNE
D/ORION
GPS
Operat.
ARTT
L4-C
3BZNE
D/ORION
GPS
1991-
Operat.
DOT
L4-C
3SZNE
D/ORION
GPS
1990-
Operat.
KIL
HOI
4
5
Kenya
Tanzania
1995199519901991
No
6
7
8
CNTRY
STN
TYPE OF INSTRUMENT
Seism
Comp
Record
Clock
Period
Present status
CLK
S-13
3SZNE
A/EARSS.
Radio
1962-
Operational
ZOM
L4-C
1SZ
A/TELED
Radio
1989-
Down
MAL
L4-C
1SZ
EARSSIG
1989-
Operational
MAZ
M
L4-C
1SZ
EARSSIG
1989-
Operating
LIL
M
L4-C
1SZ
EARSSIG
1989-
Operational
LSZ
Strakes
3C,VBB
ZNE
D/IRIS
GPS
1994-
Operational
KMZ
Lennartz
3C, SP
ZNE
D/Reftek
GPS
1998-date
Down
MZZ
Lennartz
3C, SP
ZNE
D/Reftek
GPS
1998-date
Down
IKZ
Lennartz
3C, SP
ZNE
D/Reftek
GPS
1998-date
Down
PTZ
Lennartz
3C, SP
ZNE
D/Reftek
GPS
1998-date
Down
BUL
Benioff
Benioff
3SZNE
3LZNE
A/WWSSN
A/WWSSN
Radio
Radio
1957-1996
1957-1996
Down
Down
BUL
S-13
3SZNE
A/
Radio
1983-1996
Down
MTD
S-13
1SZ
A/
Radio
1983-1995
Down
CIR
S-13
1SZ
A/
Radio
1983-1995
Down
KRI
S-13
1Sz
A/
Radio
1083-1995
Down
Malawi
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Current activities
• Bulletin preparation is going on
• A workshop was held in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe from
Feb.7 – Feb. 11, 2005
• The objective was to train seismogram analysts
– The content of the training was more or less on:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Intro. to seismic wave propagation
Intro. to seismology and plate tectonics
Digital filtering
Phase picking and event locations (manually & with comp.)
Magnitude estimates
Demonstrating software like: SEISAN, DIMAS, PITSA, SAC
Problems
• Lack of funding for station operations in all
countries (at least running cost)
– respective governments are not involved in funding
or even not aware of the benefit of running seismic
station network
• Fragile data archiving system
• Vandalism of equipments, specially in field
• Lack of spare parts of hardware and competent
expertise to maintain stations
• Brain drain
Future plans
• To make governments aware of the problem
• Training more Msc and PhD students in the
region
• Do much research on seismology and improve
seismic hazard map of the region
The Ethiopian case
1CMG-3T G. &
1 Le-3d/5s
are spare
1 DAS is not
operating and sent
to RefTek for
maintenance
ALME station installation
Frequency content of Le-3d/5s record
Melka-Sedi (near DOFEN) earthquake as picked by ALME station
(Le-3d/5s)
The December 26, 2004 earthquake in
Indonesia as recorded at our station FURI
Our location for the Indonesian
earthquake using only our one station
The December 26, 2004 event at WNDE (Le-3d/5s)
The December 26, 2004 event at DESE (Le-3d/20s)