Status of E-Government

E-Government

: the use of digital technologies to transform government operations in order to improve effectiveness, efficiency, and service delivery.

Objectives of E- Government Strategic Objective

Support and simplify governance for both citizens and government and also for businesses.

Internal Objective

: facilitate a speedy, transparent, accountable, efficient and effective process for performing government administration activities. Significant cost savings (per transaction) in government operations could be the result.

External Objective

:Fulfill the public ᾼs needs and expectations satisfactory on the front-office side, by simplifying the interaction with various online services.

Effects of E- Government on Public Administration Advantages

• To increase internal efficiency in public administration.

•To create new services.

•Easy access to information.

•To participate global information networks.

•Information sharing among Institution.

•Online access to public services.

•Individual efficiency.

•High Performance in teamwork.

•Transparent state.

Disadvantages

•Difficult access for disabilities.

•Overloaded information.

•Ambiguity in the cases of confidentiality. copyrights and protection of public information.

•Gaps result from unequal avaibility opportunities.

Determinants for the Success of E-Government Political stability

Adequate legal framework, Level of trust in government (perception of service levels), The importance of government identity (fragmentation or integration

Economic structure

(education, agriculture, industry or service)

Government structure

(centralized or decentralized) Different levels of maturity (weakest part of the chain determines speedily constituent demand (push or pull).

Development of E- Government in Turkey 1. (1990s ᾶ 2000):

The term that focused to improvement of strategies by the contributions of scholars, civil society, public and private sector.

2. (2000- 2002):

The term that arranging plans to realize those strategies.

3. (2002-...):

The term that focused on the modernization on public administration by implementing e-government as a tool.

• 1990s with the creation of knowledge based Economy that take their roots from higher value added production has gave rise to some initiatives in terms of e- government like Internet tax project of the Ministry of Finance and the central population management system.

• In the second term which can be characterized with economic and political instability even if the government has supported e- government projects, there was not any important implementation example.

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Aims of E- Government Portal

• To give more transparent, more efficient, and cheaper public services, Maintains new relations between government and citizen, government and business and government and other governments.

• Giving 7/24 service to the citizens

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Benefits of E- Government Portal

• Citizens can regulate their relations with instiutions in a faster, more reliable manner and without vesting time.

• State can both modernize its operation style and gains financial profit by using time and resources efficiently.

Focus on E-government: Web of Interdependencies

Intra-agency Agency to business Inter- and Intra governmental Connections Agency to the public

Chronic Problems in E-Government

• • • • •

Putting the Status Quo Online:

Agencies automate political and institutional problems

Redundant Buying: Program Management:

time, on budget Multiple agencies buy the same item Few IT projects delivered on

Poor Modernization Strategies:

Few agencies have business-driven enterprise architectures connecting IT investments to performance improvement

Islands of Automation:

– Citizens deal with multiple agencies (22,000 websites) for service – Agencies cannot easily collaborate for key missions

Technology Enactment

Objective IT

Actors Group A: Vendors Consultants

Organizational Forms

Bureaucracy

·Hierarchy ·Jurisdiction ·Standardization ·Rules, files ·Stability

Networks

·Trust vs. Exchange ·Social Capital ·Interoperability ·Pooled resources ·Access to Knowledge

Actors Group B: ·CIO ·Decisionmakers of IT system

Enacted Technology ·Perception ·Design ·Implementation Outcomes ·Indeterminate ·Multiple logics ·Unanticipated Institutional Arrangements ·Cognitive ·Cultural ·Sociostructural ·Legal & formal

Actors Group C: ·Policymakers ·Managers, Administrators ·Operators, Workers

Propositions Concerning the Civil Service

• Vertical institutional structures • Misuse of capital/labor substitution • Outsourcing v. integration/reform • Customer service strategies • Embeddedness and culture

U.S. E-Government Initiatives Government to Citizen

1. USA Service 2. EZ Tax Filing 3. Online Access for Loans 4. Recreation One Stop 5. Eligibility Assistance Online (GovBenefits)

Managing Partner

GSA TREAS DoEd DOI Labor

Government to Business

1. Federal Asset Sales 2. Online Rulemaking Management 3. Simplified and Unified Tax and Wage Reporting 4. Consolidated Health Informatics (business case) 5. Business Compliance One Stop 6. International Trade Process Streamlining

Managing Partner GSA DOT Treas HHS SBA DOC E-Authentication Government to Government Managing Partner

1. E-Vital (business case) SSA 2. E-Grants HHS 3. Disaster Assistance FEMA and Crisis Response 4. Geospatial Information One Stop DOI 5. Wireless Networks (SAFECOM) FEMA

Internal Effectiveness and Efficiency

1. E-Training 2. Recruitment One Stop 3. Enterprise HR Integration 4. E-Travel 5. Integrated Acquisition 6. E-Records Management 7. Payroll Processing

Managing Partner OPM OPM OPM GSA GSA NARA OPM

Institutional Development at OMB

• Federal CIO, Administrator for E-govt and IT (Associate Director of OMB) • Associate Administrator for E-Govt and IT (oversight of 25 cross-agency projects) • Portfolio Management Office • Five Portfolio Managers • Managing Agencies

E-Government Projects

Projects / Departments

Consolidated H'lth Informatics Disaster Management E-Authentication

Grants.gov

X X X E-Payroll E-Training E-Travel E-Vital E-Records Management GovBenefits.gov

Expanding Electr. Tax Products IRS Free File Federal Asset Sales Geospatial One-Stop Integrated Acquisition Env.

Enterprise HR Integration E-Clearance Int'l Trade Proc. Streamlining Business Gateway E-Loans E-Rulemaking Recreation One-Stop Recruitment One-Stop USA Services SAFECOM X X X

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From E-Government to the Virtual State

The virtual state is inter sectoral, interagency, and intergovernmental. But it achieves this fluidity and cross-boundary character through standardization, rationalization, and the management of interdependence.

Recommendations

• Link e-government to reform initiatives • Consider necessary institutional changes • Consider all levels of government and their interconnections • Where will knowledgeable IT experts come from?

Definition

The use of information technology to free movement of information to overcome the physical bounds of traditional paper and physical based systems

Or

T he use of technology to enhance the access to and delivery of government services to benefit citizens, business partners and employees.