Transcript Background information on the Laboratory of Applied

Laboratories
included in the
database
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AVL
EMPA
MTC
TUG
Volvo
VTT
LAT
Shell
IFP
FFA
Diesel Fuels
•Volvo was the only one tested D1
•MTC additionally used 10% Ethanol blend and an oil-doped diesel
•AVL And Shell also tested D6 fuel which has 300 ppm S. but higher aromatics content
than D2-D4 and D7 fuel which contains 5% RME.
•TUG operated a bus also with Biodiesel (AME) fuel
•VTT operated one engine on RME30
Gasoline Fuels
• EMPA used ARTEMIS Gasoline for SI vehicles (33 ppm S.)
NEDC (1180 s)
UDC (780 s)
Light Duty
Vehicle Cycles
(Protocol)
Conditioning with
EUDCs
when break
exceeds certain
intervals (according
to Round Robin
protocol)
ARTEMIS Urban (993 s)
ARTEMIS Road (1082 s)
ARTEMIS Motorway (1068 s)
50 km/h (300 s)
90 km/h (300 s)
120 km/h (300 s)
• Combination of the ARTEMIS cycles is referred to as CADC (Common Artemis Driving Cycles)
• EMPA measured a cold NEDC and then a hot NEDC followed by a highway cycle (BAB).
They also measured FTP75 in one case and did not measure 90 km/h.
• Shell additionally measured 50 km/h under W1 and with high load. Cold NEDC followed
by hot NEDC (not UDC)
50 km/h
50 km/h (high load) [Shell]
50 km/h (W1 DR25:1) [Shell]
90 km/h
120 km/h
Artemis (Artemis Motorway – Road –
Urban)
 NEDC (NEDC – ECE – EUDC)
 FTP75 [EMPA]
 Bundesautobahn (BAB) [EMPA]
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Light Duty Test
Cycles
 Vehicles:
 Gasoline:
• BMW 318 (TWC- Euro I)
• Toyota Corolla (TWC - Euro III)
 Diesel:
LAT
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Renault Laguna (Euro III)
Renault Laguna & cat DPF (Euro III+)
Renault Laguna +add. DPF (Euro III+)
VW Golf (Euro I)
VW Golf & OxiCat (Euro II)
 Vehicles:
 Gasoline
• Renault Megane (TWC - Euro III)
• Alfa 147 (TWC - Euro III)
• Toyota Avensis GDI (TWC - Euro III)
 Diesel
EMPA
• Ford Galaxy (Euro III)
• Peugeot 406 (add. DPF - Euro III+)
 Included measurements under room,
-7°C & -20°C ambient temperature.
 Vehicles:
 Diesel:
• PSA 607 (DPF - Euro III+)
• PSA 406 (included -7°C & -20°C) (Euro III)
• VW Golf (included -7°C & -20°C) (OxiCat Euro III)
MTC
 Gasoline
• Honda Accord (included -7°C & -20°C)
(TWC - ULEV)
• Mitsubishi Charisma (included -7°C & 20°C) (GDI - Euro III)
 Vehicles:
 Diesel
• VW Golf 1.9 TDI (OxiCat - Euro III)
• Peugeot 607 2.2 TDI (DPF - Euro III+)
 Gasoline
Shell
• Renault Megane 2.0 (TWC - Euro III)
• Citroen C5 2.0 (NOx storage - Euro III)
 Vehicles:
 Diesel:
• VW Golf 1.9 TDI (Oxicat – Euro III)
• PSA 307 2.0 TDI (DPF – Euro III+)
 Gasoline:
IFP
• Renault Mégane 1.6 (TWC – Euro III)
• PSA 406 2.0 (NOx storage)
 Engines:
 Scania DC12 11.7 l (Euro III)
 AVL prototype 10.6 l (Euro III) & CRT
 AVL prototype 11.7 l (Euro III) & SCR
AVL
 Vehicles:
 Mercedes CITARO Bus (Euro III) & OxiCat
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TUG
+ PM Catalyst
EvoBUS (CNG)
IVECO (Euro III)
 Engines:
 Volvo (Euro I)
 Volvo (Euro III)
 Volvo (Euro III) & CRT
Volvo
 Engines:
VTT
 Volvo DH10 (Euro II)
 Volvo DH10 (Euro II) & CRT
 Scania DC11 (Euro III)
 Scania DC11 (Euro III) & SiNOx (SCR)
 ESC
 ETC
 Extended Steady States
 St1: ECE R49 Mode 2 (Interm. speed,
Heavy Duty Test
Cycles
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10% load)
St2: ESC Mode 5
St3: ESC Mode 12
St4: Road load, speed 50/50
St5: Load 25%, speed A-10%
St6: Load 50%, speed 50%
 9040 City-Bus Cycle [TUG]
 Braunschweig City-Bus Cycle [TUG]
 60 – 20 km/h [TUG]
European Steady
State Cycle (ESC)
European
Transient Cycle
(ETC)
Urban
Rural
Highway
 Light Duty Vehicles:
 Gasoline:
• TWC
• NOx Storage
 Diesel:
Available After
Treatments
• Cat DPF
• DPF + Additive
• Oxidation Catalyst
 Heavy Duty Vehicles – Engines:
 CRT
 SCR
 OxiCat
 PM Catalyst
 Light Duty Vehicles:
 Gasoline: G1, G2, Unleaded Gasoline 95
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RON Artemis (EMPA)
Diesel: D2, D3, …, D7, ETD5 (MTC
Peugeot 406), OilD5 (MTC Peugeot 406)
 Heavy Duty Engines – Vehicles:
 D1, D2, …, D7, RME30 (VTT Scania
Fuels
DC11), Biodiesel (TUG Mercedes CITARO
Bus)
 Heavy Duty Engines – Vehicles:
 Euro I
 Euro II
 Euro III
 Euro III+
 Light Duty Vehicles:
Emission
Standards
 Gasoline:
• Euro I
• Euro III
• ULEV
 Diesel
• Euro I
• Euro III
• Euro III+