Transcript PowerPoint Presentation - APEC

Alternative Transportation Fuels
R&D Programs in the USA
APEC 19th EGNRET Meeting
March 5, 2002
Jean Ku
National Renewable Energy Lab, USA
Key U.S. Objectives for Transportation
Programs:
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National Security
•
Healthy Environment
•
Economic Viability
Alternative Transportation Fuels Are at the
Intersection of Key Objectives
National Security
Healthy Environment
Alternative Fuels
Economic Viability
Alternative Transportation Fuels are a Component of
Integrated R&D and Implementation Programs
Partnership
between industry
suppliers,
truck/auto
manufacturers,
energy companies,
and national labs
Engine Combustion
Vehicle Design, Batteries and Storage Systems
Infrastructure, Marketplace
DOE/OHVT and Industry Customer Groups
Target Common Interests
DOE/OTT/OHVT Interest
Reduced oil consumption
Reduced emissions
Industrial competitiveness
Technology development
Fuels/Feedstock
Producers
ARCO
BP/Amoco
Exxon/Mobil
Shell
Natural Gas
Industry
Engine Manufacturers/
Emission Control
Manufacturers
Caterpillar, Cummins, Detroit
Diesel, Navistar, Deere,
Johnson Matthey, Englehard
Truck Manufacturers
and Users
Freightliner
PACCAR/Peterbilt
Kenworth
Mack
Navistar
ATA
Government/Industry
Collaborative R&D
Alternative Transportation Fuels and
Technologies
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Biodiesel
Ethanol
Natural Gas
HEV
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Hydrogen
Fuel Cells
Methanol
Propane
P-Series
•Electricity
•Batteries
•Advanced Materials
Biodiesel
• R&D Strategy: address NOx emissions
• Feedstock: produced from soybeans or waste
grease
• Cost: approaching petroleum
• Market: new EPA rules on S content
• Research: NOx-reducing additives, bio-algae
to lipids
Ethanol
• R&D Strategy: reduce cost of production
• Feedstock: corn
• Cost: cheaper than MTBE, more costly than
gasoline
• Market: may grow significantly due to CA phase
out of the use of MTBE as an oxygenate.
• Research: feedstock development,
simultaneous saccharification and fermentation,
genetic engineering, increasing yield from corn,
Process Development Unit
Compressed Natural Gas
• R&D Strategy: address
energy density issue and
infrastructure requirements
• Feedstock: not renewable
• Cost: competitive in niche
markets
• Market: excellent for
centrally re-fueled fleets
Fuels Utilization Program
•NREL conducts the Fuels Utilization Program, a nationwide endeavor to
test and develop alternative and advanced petroleum fuels.
•Our team of experts evaluates the performance and emissions of light-,
medium-, and heavy-duty advanced technology and alternative fuel vehicles
and provides related information resources.
Researching Environmental
Science and Health Effects
Evaluating
Advanced Fuels
and Lubricants
Developing and Testing
Advanced Technology
Vehicles
Supporting the Deployment
of Advanced Vehicle
Technologies
Hybrid Electric Vehicle Program
ADVISOR
Digital Functional Vehicle
Vehicle Systems Analysis
Vehicle Auxiliary
Loads Reduction
Big 3 Partnership
(55 mpg, mid-size vehicle)
DaimlerChrysler
Ford
Battery Thermal
Management
GM
Battery Thermal Management
• Our battery experts analyze
vehicle battery thermal
management systems to
improve battery performance,
life, and safety
• By using thermal analysis and
laboratory testing, our team
helps battery suppliers and
auto manufacturers improve
module and pack designs
*>48.0°C
48.0
46.0
44.0
42.0
40.0
38.0
36.0
34.0
32.0
30.0
28.0
*<27.0°C
Vehicle Auxiliary Loads
Reduction: “Cool Car R&D”
Fabrication and
Vehicle Testing
Glazing R&D
Solar Radiation
Modeling
Cabin Modeling
Advanced HVAC
Systems
Thermal Comfort
Prediction
•The “Cool Car” project aims to reduce auxiliary loads while maintaining thermal comfort.
Engineers evaluate the impact of advanced window glazings; cooling heat-pipe systems;
parked car ventilation; heated, cooled, and ventilated seats; and direct energy recovery
and adsorption cooling systems.
•We’re also developing a life-size thermal manikin to evaluate passenger comfort using
advanced climate control concepts.
Public-Private Partnerships in
Alternative Fuels and Technology I
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Biomass Research and Development Initiative
Facilitating technological advances that will foster an integrated and competitive bioindustry
California Fuel Cell Partnership
Advancing a new automobile technology that could move the world toward practical
and affordable environmental solutions
Clean Cities International
Expanding the successful U.S. Clean Cities program to interested countries around
the globe
Clean Cities Program
Encouraging the use of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) and their supporting
infrastructure throughout the nation
Cooperative Automotive Research for Advanced Technology (CARAT) Program
Funding small businesses, colleges, and universities to help overcome automotive
technology barriers
Federal Alt. Fuel Vehicle USER Program
Supporting the expansion of alternative fuel infrastructure by concentrating large
quantities of federal alternative fuel vehicles in selected cities and increasing the use
of alternative fuels
Public-Private Partnerships in
Alternative Fuels and Technology II
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Field Operations Program
Providing unbiased information about alternative fuel and advanced transportation
technologies
Next Generation of Natural Gas Vehicles Program
Offering a crucial solution to the nation's increasing need for high-quality, advanced mediumand heavy-duty natural gas vehicles
Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles
Developing environmentally friendly cars with up to triple the fuel efficiency of today's midsize
cars.
Regional Biomass Energy Program
Increasing the production and use of bioenergy resources and advancing the use of biomass
feedstocks and technologies
U.S. Advanced Battery Consortium
Working to produce advanced batteries that can help make electric vehicles practical for
everyday use
U.S. Advanced Materials Program
Validating advanced materials and manufacturing technologies for commercially viable
automobiles
United States for Automotive Research (USCAR)
Strengthening the technology base of the domestic auto industry through cooperative, pre-
competitive research
Summary
• Alternative fuels create petroleum and
emissions savings today.
• Government and industry cooperation in
R&D and deployment is a good model.
Resources
• National Alternative Fuels Data Center:
www.afdc.doe.gov; 800-423-1DOE;
+1 703-934-3069 for international calls
• Department of Energy, Office of Fuels Development:
www.ott.doe.gov/biofuels
• National Renewable Energy Laboratory: www.nrel.gov
• Office of Transportation Technologies Partnerships:
http://www.ott.doe.gov/partnerships.shtml
• Bioenergy Information Network: www.esd.ornl.gov/bfdp
• Center for Transportation Technologies:
http://www.ctts.nrel.gov/programs.html
• Clean Cities Web Site: www.ccities.doe.gov