Transcript Document

The Exploitation of ESTB to
Demonstrate Satelite Navigation
Capabilities in the
Several Transport Domains
Rafael Lucas
Navigation Applications and Users Service Office
[email protected]
12 May 2004
Summary
• EGNOS System Test Bed (ESTB)
•Maritime Applications
•Rail Applications
•Road Applications
•Aviation
•Others
12 May 2004
ESTB Operations in Parallel to
EGNOS Development
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03
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PDR
System Detailed Design
System HW/SW Developments
Site Preparation
SIS
System Deployment
FQR
System Technical Validation
System Operational Validation
EGNOS TEST BED (ESTB)
Development
Operations
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ORR
ORR
ESTB Stations
(Europe and Extensions)
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ESTB Performance
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ESTB Performance
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Harbour Trials
(with ESTB)
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Trials carried out in the Hamburg harbour in December 2002
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EGNOS proved to be a reliable system even under
unfavourable conditions, compared to Radar
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Positioning, True Heading, Angular Velocity and
Acceleration and radius of turn was possible with
specific set-up (two antennas on each side of the vessel)
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EGNOS
GNSSAntenna
LOPOS
DGNSSAntenna
EGNOS-AIS Trials
• Trondheim (N) in June 2003
• Accuracy of EGNOS after adaptation
to AIS was comparable to IALA DGPS
(1-2 m).
• EGNOS accuracy can support AIS
alarming system to prevent ships
collision.
*) EGNOS –TRAN project: KONGSBERG Seatex
12 May 2004
In-land Waterways Transport
• Pilot Project under development in the Danube river.
• Integration of AIS information in a River Information System.
• EGNOS disseminated via AIS.
GPS/GALILEO
Operator Segment
EGNOS
Regional Segment
External Segment
Shore Segment
Ship Segment
Trials with ESTB in China
(see video at www.esa.int)
12 May 2004
Maritime Conclusions
• Based on our experience with the EGNOS Test-Bed (ESTB),
GPS+EGNOS accuracy is similar to existing coastal DGPS services
to support ship navigation.
• Applications to improve the situational awareness on the ship are
being introduced based on AIS (Automatic Identification System).
• GNSS is an adequate input of position for AIS.
• When AIS-based applications are used in critical environments the
integrity of EGNOS is very important.
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Maritime: some of the
challenges
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Dissemination of EGNOS data in restricted field
of view environments (e.g. fjords).
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Dissemination via AIS comm channel.
Dissemination via EGNOS pseudolite.
Dissemination via GPRS.
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Standardization
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Combination of AIS information with radar
(different quality, different reference systems).
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Maritime Conclusions
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Appart from AIS, other maritime applications
deserve attention:
• High precision, high reliability: e.g. off-shore platforms.
• Regulated applications: fishing, customs,…
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Rail Transport
Applications
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GNSS is being already widely used for not critical applications (e.g. fleet
management).
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The challenge is to introduce GNSS as a technology for safety critical
functions: train control (e.g. to know that trains occupying the same track
are sufficiently separated).
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Different requirements depending on the density of traffic.
High integrity requirements: risk due to wrong position < 10-11/hour
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The benefit is the reduction of operational cost by reducing the need of
rail-track side equipment (balises) with intelligent on-the-train units in
areas of low density traffic.
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Interoperable GNSS-based, rail-track side equipment appears to be the
way forward.
•
Some low density traffic lines may not be equipped with any equipment at
all, relying on manual operations (e.g. unguarded train crossings).
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Several projects have been launched to support the introduction of GNSS
(EGNOS first and then Galileo) in train control applications.
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Rail Transport
Applications
•
GNSS has always being used:
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Combined with odometer (wheel sensor)
to cope with lack of availability (I.e.
tunnels),
Constraining the position of the train to the
known track (track matching). This
improves integrity and availability but
problem when parallel tracks.
In addition other approaches:
a) Integrate GNSS with inertial to improve
integrity,
b) Exploit the redundancy in the constellation
to improve integrity: Only two satellites are
needed to compute a train fix on the
known track.
c) A combination of both.
•
Trials executed
or on-going.
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Automated Level
Crossing
• Simple fusion of EGNOS, odometer and
map matching by interpolation.
• Barrier activated by radio.
• Improves road traffic flow by adapting the
activation of the barrier to the actual speed
of the train.
Example of GNSS
being applied as
an efficient
solution to
automatize level
crossings in
sparcely
populated areas
(ECORAIL project)
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Adapting the GNSS position
calculation algorithm
(LOCOPROL/LOCOLOC Project)
• Only two satellites
used for computing
the position of the
train.
• Three pairs of
satellites used for
determining the
region where the
train is more likely
to be (200 m width)
• Only GNSS and
odometer used.
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Integration with other sensors
(INTEGRAIL Project, using ESTB)
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Hybrid, fault tolerant position
determination via GPS/EGNOS receiver,
odometer or along-track accelerometer,
azimuth sensor, and digital track map.
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Precision of the hybrid position
solution: 10m along-track; 1m crosstrack (2 sigma) for safe discrimination
of adjacent tracks.
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Road Transport
Applications
• In-car navigation systems are starting to be introduced now
in mass-market.
• Focus of ESA activities is on applications leading to a
public benefit:
• Road tolling (short to medium term)
• Improve traffic flow (long term)
• Improve road safety (long term)
• European Directive on Interoperability of Road Tolling
Systems approved in April 04. Recommends to use GNSS +
GPRS in all new tolling systems as from 2007.
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Road Transport
Applications
• Road Tolling based on GNSS requires a system to monitor
the integrity of GNSS (EGNOS for GPS, Galileo for its own),
otherwise invoices could be challenged and/or accuracy
not sufficient.
• Road Tolling is not a real-time application: need to know
where the vehicle has been with high integrity.
• Other technical challenges:
• Enforcement (e.g. jamming of GNSS signals)
• Availability, when road tolling extended to area tolling in urban
and sub-urban areas.
• ESA is exploring those critical issues in coordination with
related EC and GJU projects. The goal is to arrive to a
standard, interoperable solution across Europe.
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ARMAS project
• Demonstrations carried out in Lisbon.
• Analyses of critical issues is on-going.
Regional Navigation Control
Centre Demonstrator
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In-Car System
Demonstrator
EGNOS-VDL-4 Trials
• Trials carried out at Kiruna airport in
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March 2003
Dissemination of EGNOS data via
standard ground-air and groundground VHF link (VDL-4).
Low cost alternative to deployment
of local differential stations.
Aircraft navigation.
Surveillance of vehicles at the
airports.
*) EGNOS-TRAN project: Telespazio(I), Swedavia (S)
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Urban Areas - SISNET
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Dissemination of EGNOS messages
via internet.
EGNOS data available even in
urban environment.
SISNET technology is particularly
well suited for Location Based
Services (LBS)
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Example of SISNET
Application
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Blind pedestrian navigation.
GPS
Braille
Keyboard
CPU
Map
Database
Voice
Synthesizer
*) TORMES project: GMV(E)
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Conclusions
• A wide range of satellite navigation applications have been
covered.
• ESTB has played a fundamental role to prepare the EGNOS
applications.
• EGNOS is being used as a path finder for developing the
GALILEO applications:
• Developing expertise
• Assessing feasibility
• Building up of business models
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Automatic Identification
System (AIS)
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AIS is a new international system mandatory for all
SOLAS vessels in order to enhance safety at sea,
harbours and in-land waterways.
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Main purpose:
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Collision avoidance
Costal surveillance
Improved efficiency
Search and Rescue
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AIS Concept
• Data is exchanged between vessels
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and ground base stations.
A picture of the maritime traffic can be
composed at the base stations
(improves traffic safety).
Self-organizing communications
protocol.
AIS Data communication capability can
be used to re-broadcast EGNOS data.
*) EGNOS –TRAN project: KONGSBERG Seatex
12 May 2004
EGNOS-AIS Architecture
RTCM Correction dataflow
VHF
EGNOS
Message 17
GPS/IALA
VHF
GPS/EGNOS
antenna
IALA
AIS
RTCM
Seatex AIS Base Station
Seatex AIS 100
Seatex DPS 116
Presentation of IALA and
EGNOS corrected GPS
positions
IALA
beacon
*) EGNOS –TRAN project: KONGSBERG Seatex
12 May 2004