Transcript econ.core.hu

Poverty and anti-poverty policy in Hungary
1990-2004
Viktoria Galla
Institute of Economics
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Poverty and ant-poverty policy in the EU 13th
workshop on alternative economic policy in Europe
September 21st-23rd, 2007,Brussels
Aims and data source
Household budget surveys
1993 → 1997→ 2004
Income specific decomposition
Young, unemployed and old-age poverty tendencies
Demographic changes
Age composition, percentage
80%
65-
60%
40%
15-64
0-14
20%
20
05
20
03
20
01
19
99
19
97
years
Dependency ratio 1960-2006
60
Total dependency
ratio
50
40
Old-age dependency
ratio
30
20
Youth dependency
ratio
10
years
2005
2003
2001
1999
1997
1995
1993
1991
1980
0
1960
ratio
19
95
19
93
19
91
19
80
0%
19
60
percentage
100%
Social position of households with children
Ratio of hh with children within the hh in
Hungary, by income deciles
60.0
50.0
ratio
40.0
1st decile
30.0
5th decile
20.0
10th decile
Average
10.0
0.0
1993
1997
years
2004
Social position of unemployed
Ratio of hh with unemployed within all hh in
Hungary, by income deciles
60.0
30.0
50.0
25.0
40.0
1st decile
5th decile
30.0
10th decile
Average
20.0
ratio
ratio
Ratio of unemployed to total population age
group 15-64, by income deciles
20.0
1st decile
15.0
5th decile
10.0
10th decile
10.0
5.0
0.0
0.0
1993
1997
years
2004
Average
1993
1997
years
2004
Social position of pensioners
Income specific dependency ratio in working aged
population
30.0
ratio
25.0
20.0
1st decile
15.0
5th decile
10.0
10th decile
Average
5.0
0.0
1993
1997
years
2004
Social position of under- and well educated in
Hungary
Income specific distribution of people
with higher education
age group 25-64
Income specific distribution of under educated age
group 25-64
100%
100%
percentage
4th quintile
60%
3rd quintile
40%
2nd quintile
20%
1st quintile
0%
percentage
5th quintile
80%
5th quintile
80%
4th quintile
60%
3rd quintile
40%
2nd quintile
20%
1st quintile
0%
1993
1997
years
2004
1993
1997
years
2004
Returns on schooling
Return on schooling by the level of education in the personal income
level
1993
1997
2004
elementary
0.7
0.7
0.6
vocational
1.0
0.9
0.9
secondary
1.2
1.2
1.0
third level
1.7
1.8
1.7
Average
1.0
1.0
1.0
-Hh. composition effect
-redistribution of taxes
Gini index
1993
1997
2002
2004
Household income
0.217
0.231
0.237
0.251
Personal income
0.503
0.511
0.493
0.498
-Regional indexes
Poverty ratio
1993
1997
2004
1.4
0.5
1.9
Unemployed below the poverty line of 50%
10.4
19.7
21.7
Children below the poverty line of 50%, living in
families with more than 3 children
12.2
28.7
30.5
People below the poverty lines of 50%, living in
families with more than 3 children
13.4
29.2
28.5
Elderly over 60 below the poverty lines of 50%