Transcript Document

Environmentally friendly technology for
municipal solid waste gasification
From Science to Business
11-12 October 2006
Kyiv
Georgiy Geletukha
t./fax: (+380 44) 456 94 62
[email protected]
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics NAS of Ukraine
Kyiv
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Talk outline
1.
2.
3.
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6.
7.
8.
What is needed in the market?
Brief technology description.
Stage of development.
Who needs it & how many will they need?
What is my unique technology advantage?
Competitive matrix.
How will I beat the competition?
Opportunity for joint work.
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Proprietary information statement
• The technology material presented in this talk is
available for licensing or joint product development.
• None of the slides contain any confidential or
proprietary information which would prevent patenting
the technology.
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Problem Description & Market Need
 Every year amount of municipal
solid waste (MSW) is growing in the
world (2 billion t/year)
 Incineration is the main method for
MSW thermochemical conversion
 Main problems of MSW
incineration:
• high emission of harmful pollutants
(dioxines and furans)
• high capital costs due to necessity
of expensive gas cleaning systems
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Brief technology description
Twin fluid bed gasifier consisting of two fluid bed reactors – gasifier itself
and combustion chamber
Steam gasification, sand as inert material
Wet cleaning of producer gas in a scrubber
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Advantages
• low formation of dioxins and furans. As gasification takes
place under limited amount of oxygen, formation of dioxins
is much less intensive than during direct combustion of
MSW;
• effective gas cleaning system;
• low negative impact upon environment;
• compacting effect from gasification is much more than that
from pyrolysis. Unburned charcoal remains after pyrolysis
while only ash remains after gasification;
• gasification is a less power-consuming process than
pyrolysis;
• due to lower temperature during gasification as against
combustion, formation of NOx is also much less intensive.
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Experimental results
Composition of produced gas (after
cleaning system)
H2
39%
CO
24%
CO2
26%
CH4
N2
8%
3%
Cl
LHV, MJ/Nm3
0%
12-13
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Stage of development
• Detail design and
design documentation
for 50 KWth pilot unit
is available
• Built up and tested
50 KWth pilot unit
• Design is available for
patenting
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Targeted Market Segment
• Companies involved in generation and
disposal of MSW: industrial enterprises,
municipalities, wastes collection and
transportation companies, landfill operators.
• Market size assessment: several thousand
units as it is planned to install gasification
units on existing power plants, CHP plants
and boiler houses
• Present price of MSW disposal on landfill:
about 2 $/m3 – in Ukraine and up to 50 $/m3
(EU, USA, Japan, Canada).
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Competition
• Waste incineration plants (WIP) - competitor
Incineration of MSW is widely spread in EU, partly in
USA and only two plants are in Ukraine. People and
environmental organizations are often strongly against
WIP. Expensive cleaning system is required. Typical
problems with utilization of produced heat.
• Landfills – competitor
Large areas occupied. High payment for MSW disposal.
• Gasification – proposed technology
More effective and environmentally friendly MSW
conversion. Lower price for MSW utilization. The main
barrier – level of technical development.
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Competitive Matrix
Important product or
technology
characteristics
MSW gasification
technology, Institute
of Engineering
Thermophysics
Waste
incineration
plant
Landfill
Emission of
dioxins (a)
0.02 ngeq/m3
0.5-1.1 ngeq/m3
Exist (in case
of fire). No
assessments
Required area of
land (b)
Small
Middle
Very large
Efficiency
electrical (c)
35%
(gasifier + engine)
15-20%
(steam turbine
unit)
-
Capital costs (d)
About 900 $/kWe
2000-2500
$/kWe
-
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Opportunities (1)
• Next stage: demonstration project on existing power
plant / boiler house
- selection of a city with MSW differential collection and
refuse derived fuel (pellets) production
- selection of suitable power plant / boiler house
- techno-economic assessment
• Capacity of gasification unit: 0.5-1 MWth
• Potential partner (investor) is needed to implement
demonstration project in Ukraine
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Opportunities (2)
The Institute of Engineering Thermophysics has also other
fields for international cooperation based on
proposed/developed technologies:
combustion of wet wood residues – 100
kWth experimental boiler is constructed
and tested (CRDF project, 2002-2004)
combustion of straw bales – draft design
of a 100 kWth boiler is developed (IPP
project, 2006-2008)
fast pyrolysis of biomass for liquid fuel
production - draft design of a 20 kg/hr pilot
unit is under development (CRDF project,
2006-2008)
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Contact information
Georgiy Geletukha
t./fax: (+380 44) 456 94 62
[email protected]
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics NAS of Ukraine
Kyiv
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