Transcript Clean Energy City or Multi-Faceted Eco-Friendly

SS
INTRODUCTION
A multifaceted project for infrastructure
development in a Country or for
Development of an eco-friendly city
THE PROJECT ELUCIDATES THE
USES OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES (MSW)
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To produce Electricity, Fertilizer and
Compost
Electricity from Wind and Sun
Underground Geo-thermal
Geo-Vision Exploration for water
Desalination of salty water
Gas and Electricity from Sewer
Bio-fuel from Algae
Fuel from Waste Tire
Agriculture development
…CONTD…
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Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is the primary
hazard to the environment and people of any
community.
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However, MSW is a bio-mass and could be
used as fuel to generate electricity or to be
converted into compost or fertilizer.
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In this multifaceted proposal, the primary
emphasizes is to make use of MSW in the
most environmentally friendly way to produce
electricity, compost and fertilizer.
GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY FROM MSW:
This is done in three stages:
 Making Briquettes; by Sorting- Automatically &
manually both, drying & shredding MSW.
 Gasification: Thermal cracking of fuel (briquettes)
at a high temp. of 1050o C to 1100o C in the minimal
presence of Oxygen to produce Synthesis Gas or SynGas with a composition of CO:26to30%, H2:26to30%,
CH4:11%, CO2:6 to 8%, N2:8to10%, with a Calorific
value >2000 Kilo Calories /cubic meter whilst the
Cal. Val. of Natural Gas is 8500Kcal/m3
 Electric Generation: By injecting Syn-Gas directly
into a gas engine generator, which has been modified
exclusively by us to operate with Syn-Gas.
1. MAKING BRIQUETTES
GASIFICATION:
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Gasification is a reliable clean energy technology that can turn a variety of
low value feedstock into highly valuable energy which can be put to use for
Thermal uses in Furnaces in Steel Mills, Brick Kilns, Dryers or Boilers for
generating Steam for Green House heating, other Industrial use, other
Heat treatment equipment OR for Power Generation as a Clean & an
alternative source of Electricity.
Gasification, a Worldwide accepted process for Renewable energy,
receiving backing & subsidies from various Governments the world over,
has been reliably used on a commercial scale for more than 50 years, all
over the World, in the refining, fertilizer, and chemical industries, and for
more than 35 years, with primitive technologies, in the generation of
electricity.
Our Multi-fuel Gasification System can utilize any type of biomass
including MSW, coal, waste wood, sawdust, furniture scraps, bagasse, rice
husk, coconut shells, poultry litter, plastic, rubber, tires, or any other
combustible material.
Ultra clean gas is fed into the engines through microprocessor based
actuator type governors
GASIFICATION PROCESS
PROCESS STEPS
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Feedstock is fed at the top and descends through
gases rising in the reactor. In the upper zone a
drying process occurs, below which pyrolysis is
taking place. Following this, the material passes
through a reduction zone (gasification) and in the
zone above the grate, an oxidation process is carried
out.
Air combined with steam is supplied at the bottom of
the reactor. Combustible gas at a temperature of close
to 400o C.(Gas temp. reduced because of the
evaporation of moisture in the drying zone) is
discharged at the top of the reactor, and inert ash
from the heat-generating oxidation process comes out
from the reactor bottom through a water lock & falls
down on an auger by means of a scraper fixed on the
outer side of the chamber in the Ash pan.
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Co-Generation: The exhaust emissions of the
engine can be used for a low pressure Waste Heat
Recovery Boiler. 1 ton Steam at 7kg. Pressure per
MW per hr. can be obtained & can be put to use for
other thermal applications.
 In a coal gasification, our coal gasifier consumes
418 Kg coal with 6000 Kcal/Kg caloric value to
produce 1 MWH. Therefore 1 MW coal gasification
power plant requires 10 Tons of coal / day.
 Since the caloric value of MSW Briquettes is
assumed to be 3000 Kcal/Kg, therefore:
 4 MW MSW gasification power plant needs about
80 Tons of MSW Briquettes / day.
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PROCESS STEPS
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Sized fuel is lifted and delivered to the storage hopper
above reactor assembly by skip-hoist / Bucket-Elevator /
Belt conveyor.
From the storage hopper, fuel is fed to the reactor
through double-bell cone fuel feeding system to prevent
leakage of Gas.
Feedstock travels downwards and is dried and
preheated.
Thereafter it undergoes thermal cracking at high temp.
of
1100deg.C
through
different
thermochemical
processes to produce Producer/Syn- Gas
coming out from the top of the Reactor at a temp. of
close to 400deg.C.
On coming out of the reactor, the Producer gas is passed
through two stage Venturi Cyclones where the gas is
cooled and cleaned of particulate impurities.
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Then, the Producer gas is passed through multi-stage
Pipe shower filters for cooling to ambient temperature
and further washing of particulate impurities.
This Producer gas at ambient temp. is injected into TAR
& Dust separators for segregation of TAR, which is
received as a by-product.
This clean gas is passed through a de-moisturizer for
drying.
This dry & ultra-clean gas is monitored for dryness by a
Humidity analyzer and for composition by an On-line
Gas analyzer.
This Ultra-clean and dry Gas at the outlet, through Gas
control valves is ready for injection into a Kiln for
Ceramic Industry or a Generating set modified by us for
Producer gas mode of operation.
CATERPILLAR NATURAL GAS GEN-SETS
CAT NATURAL GAS GEN-SETS
FERTILIZER FROM MSW
SCHEMATIC FOR A COMPACT UNIT FOR SMALL SCALE
COMPOST & FERTILIZER PRODUCTION.
CONVENTIONAL WAY FOR FERTILIZER, USING MODERN EQUIP. &
TECHNOLOGY: MSW SORTED INTO SEPARATE COMPONENTS:
RENEWABLE ENERGY ALTERNATIVES: SUN & WIND
GEO-VISION EXPLORATION FOR WATER & DESALINATION
OF SALTY WATER
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FUEL FROM ALGAE
HARVESTING ALGAE
WE PROPOSE TO CONVERT SEWER INTO AN ANAEROBIC
DIGESTER FOR A BIG COMMUNITY OR FEW HOMES
Biogas is a fuel gas made from biomass such as feces,
food waste, grass and straw etc. by the anaerobic
fermentation process.
 Biogas contains about 55% - 70% methane (CH4), and
some carbon dioxide, some water, some hydrogen some
carbon monoxide and some hydrogen sulfide (H2S).
 The heat value of biogas is 5142 Kcal/m3
Conditions required for biogas production:
 Strict absence of Oxygen. Temp. between 8 to 65 Deg.C.
 The higher the temperature, the more the activity of
bacteria resulting in higher biogas production.
 Neutral or slightly Alkaline environment, a pH value
between 6.8 and 7.5
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For a 10 m3 biogas plant to keep a 5 m3/day
biogas production, 150 kg cow dung or 110 kg
pig dung is needed daily.
 The liquid from biogas plant can be recycled.
 Biogas residue are good organic fertilizers.
 Raw material needed to produce 1 cubic
meter biogas:
 Cow Manure
5.26 kg dry = 30.96 kg fresh
 Chicken Manure
4 kg dry = 13.34 kg fresh
 Human Manure 3.33 kg dry = 16.67 kg fresh
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BIO-GAS PLANT
RECYCLING OF USED TIRES
The semi-continuous pyrolysis system is
designed to get rid of the Tire shredding
process.
 Features: Automatic feeding, automatic slag on
the basis of batch style pyrolysis process. It
saves the fuel for heating & operation time for
each batch & boosts the batch pyrolysis
efficiency.
 This technique uses a special mechanism to heat
the used tires in a closed stove to melt down the
tire to produce Tire Oil & Carbon Black.
 Capacity: Up to 24Tons/day.
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LAY OUT OF TIRE TO OIL PLANT:
AN INSTALLED TIRE TO OIL PLANT
DRIWATER & PERMACULTURE
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Rehabilitation of Land or Landscaping
Revegetation
Erosion Control
Forestry
Before starting this agricultural task, a survey of the area is
needed and experts who have done similar projects will be
employed.
Two methods, so far, have been found, which successfully
planted trees in Australia, Egypt, Tunisia and Saudi Arabia.
First is DRiWater & Second is Permaculture
DRIWATER
PERMACULTURE
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FEW TREES RESEARCHED FOR THIS PROJECT
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