Transcript OHS Management Systems and Programs in Canada

OHS Management Systems
and Programs in Canada
Technical Workshop on Voluntary Programs
and OSH Management Systems
March 10-12, 2003
1
Overview of Presentation
•
•
•
•
•
OHS jurisdictions in Canada
Internal Responsibility System concept
Organizational models
Selected examples of OHS programs
Conclusion
2
OHS Jurisdictions in Canada
• 14 OHS jurisdictions
• Areas of federal jurisdiction
– Employees of federal government
– Crown Corporations
– Banking and telecommunications
– Interprovincial/international transportation
• Areas of provincial/territorial jurisdiction
– Construction and manufacturing
– All other fields that are not federal
3
Internal Responsibility System
• Legislative basis
– 14 OHS Acts
– 14 Workers’ Compensation Acts
• Commonalities of OHS Acts
– Internal Responsibility System (IRS)
approach
– Employers and workers working together to
eliminate hazards
– Government has a secondary role
4
Primary Roles - Employers
Basic employers’ responsibilities
• General duty clause
• Specific responsibilities spelled out in the Act
– Complying with detailed requirements that are in
regulations
– Developing OHS policy and prevention programs
– Assessing, eliminating and controlling hazards
– Informing workers of hazards
– Providing training to workers
– Working with joint labour-management health and
safety committees and health and safety
representatives
5
Primary Roles - Workers
Basic workers’ rights
• To know
• To participate
• To refuse dangerous work
6
Secondary Role of Government
• Enforcement
– Several models
– From voluntary compliance to strong coercion
• Information/Training
–
–
–
–
Promotion Campaigns
Funding of workers’/employers’ OHS associations
Education
Worker Training
7
Organizational Models
•
•
•
•
•
•
Focus on counselling
Focus on prevention
Focus on inspection
Ministries of Labour
Workers’ Compensation Boards
OHS and workers’ compensation under
the same agency
8
Selected Examples of Programs
• A wide variety of approaches
• Examples from six jurisdictions with
explicit legislated requirements (British
Columbia, Ontario, Quebec, Manitoba,
Saskatchewan, Nova Scotia)
• Examples from two jurisdictions with no
explicit requirements (Alberta, New
Brunswick)
9
British Columbia - Program Content
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Statement of aims and responsibilities
Regular inspections
Written instructions
Periodic management meetings for review and
planning
Incident investigation
Records and statistics
Instruction and supervision of workers
Small businesses only need an informal OHS
program
10
B.C. - Focus Firm Strategy
• Voluntary initiative
• Targets large employers and employers
with high rates of injury
• Government support in a four-stage
process:
– Planning
– Compliance and Education
– Evaluation
– Maintenance of Program
11
Ontario - Program Content
• Written policy and program to implement that policy
• Program Content (Guidelines Document)
– Worker training
– Workplace inspections and hazard analysis
– Analysis of occupational accidents and illnesses
– Health and safety budget
– Formal means of communication to address concerns
of workers
– Specific procedures (confined space entry, lock-out,
materials-handling, first-aid, rescue, emergency, etc.)
– Machine guarding
– Maintenance and repairs and housekeeping
– Electrical safety
– Fire prevention
– Engineering controls
12
Ontario - Experience Rating Programs
• Prevention incentive programs to adjust
workers’ compensation premiums
• Refunds or surcharges depending on
employer health and safety record
– CAD-7 for the Construction Sector
– Merit Adjusted Premium Plan (MAP) For
Small Business
– New Experimental Experience Rating
(NEER) Program for larger employers
13
Ontario - Voluntary Incentive Programs
Safety Groups Program
• Groups of employers
• Each year each employer selects five
safety elements for improvement
• Must show how each element has been
integrated into its management system
• Group can receive a premium rebate
based on success in implementation of
their selected safety elements
14
Ontario - Voluntary Incentive Programs
Safe Communities Incentive Program
• Community Based
• Firms must complete a twelve hour training
program, do a self-evaluation of their OHS
management system, develop a OHS policy
and health and safety roles of employers and
employees
• Participating firms can receive a five percent
premium rebate
15
Quebec - Program Content
• Basic objective is to eliminate, at the source, risks
to the health, safety and physical well-being of
workers
• Programs must contain
– Programs for the adaptation of the establishment to the
standards prescribed by the regulations respecting
• Layout of workplaces
• Work organization
• Equipment and Material
• Contaminants and dangerous substances
• Processes
• Collective safety measures and equipment
(ctd.)
16
Quebec - Program Content (ctd.)
• Programs must contain (ctd.)
– Measures of supervision of the quality of the work
environment and of preventive maintenance
– The specific standards of hygiene and safety for the
establishment
– The terms and conditions of implementation of any
other rule relating to health and safety in the
establishment
– Identification of appropriate protective devices and
equipment
– Training and information programs for workers in
matters of health and safety
17
Manitoba - Program Content
• Policy
• Hazard identification, and measures to reduce, eliminate or
control the hazards
• Emergency procedures and resources
• Statement of responsibilities of employer, supervisors and
workers
• Regular inspection schedule
• Plan for control of biological or chemical substances
• Procedures to protect OHS where another employer or selfemployed person is involved in work at the workplace
• Plan for training workers and supervisors in safe work
practices and procedures
• Incident investigation procedure
• Procedure for worker participation in OHS activities
• Procedure to review OHS program at least every three years
18
Saskatchewan
• Mandatory for moderate to high-hazard
workplaces with ten or more employees
• Program content and requirements are
similar to those in Manitoba, except for
requirement to develop a plan to
safeguard contracted employer(s) or selfemployed person(s)
19
Nova Scotia - Program Content
•
•
•
•
Training and supervision of employees
Written work procedures
Health and safety committee or representative
Hazard identification system
– Workplace evaluation
– Procedures and schedules for regular inspections
– Hazard reporting procedures
• System for OHS monitoring, prompt follow-up
and control of identified hazards
• System for investigation of hazardous
occurrences
• Maintenance of records and statistics
• Monitor program implementation/effectiveness
20
Nova Scotia - Certificates of Recognition
• Independent Health and Safety
Consultants can do OHS audits and
provide Certificates of Recognition
• Potential suppliers may need to have a
Certificate of Recognition to bid on
contracts
• Government can review audits against
established criteria and endorse audits
21
Alberta - Partnerships in Health
and Safety Programs
• Voluntary program
• Certificate of Recognition is issued by a Certifying
Partners and is co-signed by government
• Health and Safety Management System must
include:
– Clearly-stated company policy and management
commitment
– Hazard identification and control measures
– Worker competency and training
– Inspection program
– Incident/accident investigation
– Emergency response planning
– Program administration
(ctd.)
22
Alberta - Partnerships in Health
and Safety Programs (ctd.)
• External audit
• Certifying Partner issues COR
• Internal audits at one year and two year
points to maintain COR
• External audit every three years to renew
COR
• Separate “Small Employer COR” for
employers with fewer than ten employees
23
Alberta - Partners In Injury Reduction
• Voluntary incentive based program
• Reduction of workers’ compensation
premiums
– Minimum five per cent discount for a COR
– Up to twenty per cent discount if claims
performance improves up to twenty per cent
– Up to twenty per cent discount if consistently
better than industry average
24
New Brunswick - Health and Safety
Improvement System
• Voluntary Program
• Based on five fundamental areas with
twenty-two topics
– Management commitment
– Employee involvement
– Health and safety responsibility
– Hazard and risk management
– Health and safety education
25
N.B. - Management Commitment
• Health and safety communication
• Management support
• Well-being of employees
26
N.B. - Employee Involvement
• Health and safety orientation
• Employee participation
• Required safe work practices
27
N.B. - Health and Safety Responsibility
•
•
•
•
•
•
Health and safety policy
Health and safety plan
General health and safety rules
Health and safety procedures or practices
Legal obligations
Health and safety actions
28
N.B. - Hazard and Risk Management
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Identification of hazards and risks
Control of hazards and risks
Hazard and risk reporting
Accident reporting
Accident investigation
Accident and injury analysis
Health and safety inspections
29
N.B. - Health and Safety Education
• Health and safety educational needs
• Health and safety education delivery
• Health and safety education effectiveness
30
Conclusion
• A variety of approaches in Canada
• Have presented selected examples from
a number of jurisdictions
• Discussion – Questions and Answers
31