History of International Law
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Transcript History of International Law
History of
International Law
Nicolas E. A Delcourt
Bachelor of Law, Economic, and
Management
IL exists since Antiquity (2000 years ago)
In Middle East and Roman Empire
But Contemporary IL comes from Law
European People (16-17th Century)
Context :
• Renaissance effect
• Peace Treaties of Westphalia (1648)
The International society is now :
Based on states who see themselves as
sovereign
And equal in rights
Before?
To be part of international society :
Belong to Christian community
Respect and follow the decisions of the
Emperor
And of the Pope
Now that the states are sovereign,
what’s new? :
• They decide the limitation of their own
territory
• They have an exclusive jurisdiction on it
Today, these two rules are the basic
rules of the international law
The next process : the
development of international
treaties (1814-1945)
The seven treaties of Paris in 1814 by France
between it and each of the seven Allied
States
Only two signatures per treaty
The congress of Vienna in 1815 same
provisions but only one treaty
8 signatures in one treaty
The two conferences about Peace in The
Hague (1899 and 1907)
Then, two deathly events will traumatize
people and governments :
The Great War (1914-1918) and its 9 millions
of death
Desire to cooperate and pacify relations
between states
The Spanish flu (1918-1919) and its 1 billion
people infected and 60 millions of death
Governments realize that the world is now
global and all states are connected.
Therefore will be created the League of Nations
(1919) and the Permanent Court of International
Justice (1922)
First world-wide organizations to have a
political independence
Problem : the LoN have no authority and a
few states respect it
Beginning of WW2 will definitely prove it is
unable to prevent wars
After WW2 (1945), victorious states meet
again and create UNO and ICJ
Same objectives but different organisation
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