Transcript Spatial behavior and choice of habitat on migratory

Arseny Tsvey and
Pavel Ktitorov
Biological Station Rybachy
Zoological Institute
Russia
Spatial behavior and choice of
habitat on migratory stopover site in
European Robins (Erithacus rubecula):
a telemetry study
Objectives of the study
► Evaluation
of general pattern of spatial behavior
► Studying
the possible difference in space use
between spring and autumn, fat and lean
individuals
► Studying
of habitat use in spring and in autumn
Geographic position of the study plot
Baltic sea
Lithuania
Asia
Atlantic
ocean
Courish spit
(length – 100km
Width – 400 – 3000 Europe
m)
Study plot
Courish
gulf
Africa Russia
Number of marked birds
Autumn
Spring
20
13
Transmitters:
Robin with transmitter
Holohil Systems Ltd.
Model: LB-2
Weight: 0.46g – 0.5g
Lifespan: up 21 days
antenna
Stopover duration of marked robins. Data for
autumn and spring are pooled.
18
16
14
No of obs
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Stopover duration, days
8
9
10
11
12
Examples of movement path during the first
day of stopover
Baltic Sea
N
Autumn
951 m
Capture/release site
100 m
Courish gulf
Examples of movement path during the first
day of stopover
Baltic Sea
N
Spring
Capture/release site
100 m
512 m
Courish gulf
Examples of movement path during the first
day of stopover
Baltic Sea
N
Autumn
Capture/release site
438 m
100 m
Courish gulf
Typical features of spatial
behavior during the first day of stopover
Stationary period
after release
Duration of s tationary pe riod afte r re le aze
ANOVA:
Season: F(1, 28)=3.3, p=0.081
Fat: F(1, 28)=13.1, p=0.001
Interaction: F(1, 28)=3.7, p=.065
3:21
2:52
LEAN
FAT
2:24
1:55
min
1:26
0:57
0:28
Autumn
Spring
Season
Typical features of spatial
behavior during the first day of stopover
Active movement during
part of the day and
movement within temporary
home range during the
remaining time
Active movements and movements within a
temporary home range
Baltic Sea
N
Autumn
Temporary
home range
Active movements
Capture/release site
100 m
Courish gulf
Active movements and movements within a
temporary home range
Baltic Sea
N
Temporary
home ranges
Spring
Capture/release site
100 m
Active movements
Courish gulf
Active movements and movements within a
temporary home range
Baltic Sea
N
Autumn
Active movements
Capture/release site
100 m
Temporary
home range
Courish gulf
Typical features of spatial
behavior during the first day of stopover
Active movement during
part of the day and
movement within temporary
home range during the
remaining time
Re lative tim e of m ove m e nt w ithin te m porary hom e range (s )
ANOVA:
Season: F(1, 28)=0.02, p=0.90
Fat: F(1, 28)=0.07, p=0.80
1.0
0.9
LEAN
FAT
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
Autumn
Spring
Se as on
Total distance covered during the first day of
stopover
ANOVA
Season: F(1, 28)=4.63, p=0.04
Fat: F(1, 28)=4.99, p=0.034
3000
2500
total distance, m
LEAN
FAT
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Autumn
Spring
Se as on
Total distance covered during the first day of
stopover
8-May
b= -0.80 R2=0.64, F(1,10)=61.11, p<0.01, n=12
date of capture/realise
3-May
28-Apr
23-Apr
18-Apr
13-Apr
8-Apr
3-Apr
29-Mar
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Total dis tance of m ove m e nt, m
3500
4000
Orientation of movements during the first day
of stopover
Autumn, р<0.05
Spring, p>0.1
Spatial distribution of individual temporal
home ranges (MCPs) during autumn 2004
Baltic Sea
N
100 m
Capture/release site
Courish gulf
Spatial distribution of individual temporal
home ranges (MCPs) during spring 2005
Baltic Sea
N
Capture/release site
100 m
Courish gulf
Size of temporary home range areas in spring
and autumn and in lean and fat individuals
ANOVA:
Season: F(1, 28)=1.28, p=0.27
Fat: F(1, 28)=0.05, p=0.83
35000
Lim:
2113 – 48795 m2
LEAN
FAT
Mean
14447 ± 12942 m2
Size of temporary home ranges, m
2
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
Autumn
Spring
Se as on
Spatial behavior during the second and
subsequent days of stopover
Autumn
10
Spring
An example of temporary range fidelity
Stopover duration – 6 days
4
Baltic Sea
N
Capture/release site
Autumn
100 m
Spatial behavior during the second and
subsequent days of stopover
Autumn
10
Spring
An example of temporary range infidelity
Stopover duration – 2 days
4
Baltic Sea
N
Capture/release site
Autumn
100 m
Habitat types at the study area
Open dune
Dune with shrubs
Beach
Grass
Grass with shrubs
Young pine forest
Pine forest
Deciduous forest
Courish gulf
Deciduous
Open
Pine forest
habitats
forest
Baltic Sea
1 km
Distribution of individual home ranges (MSPs)
within different habitat types in the study area.
Open dune
Dune with shrubs
Beach
Grass
Grass with shrubs
Young pine forest
Pine forest
Deciduous forest
Autumn
Courish gulf
MCPs
Baltic Sea
1 km
Distribution of individual home ranges (MSPs)
within different habitat types in the study area.
Open dune
Dune with shrubs
Beach
Grass
Grass with shrubs
Young pine forest
Pine forest
Deciduous forest
Spring
Courish gulf
MCPs
Baltic Sea
1 km
Area of available habitats in spring and autumn
Open dune
Dune with shrubs
Beach
Grass
Grass with shrubs
Young pine forest
Pine forest
Deciduous forest
Courish gulf
Autumn
Baltic Sea
Spring
Results of compositional analysis of habitat
preference in robins on migratory stopover
70.00
Spring
%
60.00
Available
50.00
Used
40.00
Lambda
0.87
χ2
1.71
p
0.43
Random p
0.53
Pine forest > deciduous forest > open
habitats
30.00
20.00
>>> denotes a significant difference
between two consecutively ranked
variables
10.00
0.00
decidious forest
pine forest
open habitats
Lambda
0.61
χ2
9.84
p
0.007
50.00
Random p
0.007
40.00
70.00
Autumn
%
60.00
deciduous forest > pine forest >>> open
habitats
30.00
>>> denotes a significant difference
between two consecutively ranked
variables
10.00
Available
Used
20.00
0.00
decidious forest
pine forest
open habitats
Biomass of invertebrates during spring and
autumn in two main habitat types
R2=0.15, F(1, ANOVA:
53) =9.02, p=0.04
13-May
Season: F(1,94)=26.85, p<0.0001
Habitat ty pe: F(1,94)=4.41, p=0.038
0.55
8-May
Mean
±SE
±SD
-1
BIOMASS, g*weekDate
*(78,5 cm2)-1
0.50
3-May
0.45
0.40
28-Apr
0.35
0.30
23-Apr
0.25
18-Apr
0.20
0.15
13-Apr
0.10
8-Apr
0.05
0.00
3-Apr
deciduou
0.00 deciduous
0.05
0.10
coniferous
conifero
0.15
deciduou
0.20 deciduous
0.25
0.30
coniferous
conifero
-1
2 -1
Biomass of invertebrates, g*w eek
*(78,5sm
)
Spring
Autumn
0.35
Correlates of robin’s behavior with
invertebrates abundance
1 The total distance of
The biomass of invertebrates
movement during the first is higher in autumn
day of stopover is shorter compared with spring
in autumn than in spring
2 In spring the total
distance of movements
after landing decreases
with the progress of
season
The biomass of invertebrates
increases with the progress
of spring season
3 There is no difference in
use of the two main
habitat types (humid
deciduous forest and pine
forest)
There is no difference in
biomass of invertebrates
between the two main
habitat types (humid deciduous forest and pine forest)
Main conclusions
►
Movements of European robins at day time stopovers after
completing migratory flights are a specific behavior, not
directly related to flights themselves.
►
The general pattern of movements of most robins during
the first day of stopover includes active movement during a
certain period of time, and then movements within one or
two temporary home ranges.
►
Spatial behavior of robins is related to their energy status.
Generally, fat birds are less mobile than lean ones.
►
Our results suggest that the general pattern of spatial
behavior at stopovers depends on food abundance and
availability
Thank you very much for your attention
Acknowledgements:
We are grateful to everybody
who helped us with this study.
Special thanks to: Casimir Bolshakov,
Nicolai Poeplau, Maxim Dubinin,
Jan Peyrat and Nikita Chernetsov