Transcript Document

SeVeCOM Workshop
Lausanne 1-2 February 2006
CALM
Architecture and Network
[email protected]
What is CALM?
CALM - Overall
• Continuous Air interface
for Long and Medium distance
• ISO TC204/WG16 – Wide Area Communications
• Support user transparent continuous
communications
• CALM is the first open way to combine GPRS
with vehicle-optimized WLAN technology.
- NOT a complicated collection of new, unproven
radio technologies
Q-Free ASA
Page 3
CALM Communication Scenarios
GPS/GALILEO
Satellite
Broadcast
Terrestrial
Broadcast
WiMAX
2G/3G
WiMAX
2G/3G
Hot-Spot
(WiFi)
RSE
RSE-toRSE *
RSE
RSE
CALM M5
WAVE *
vehicle-to-vehicle *
(CALM 5 or 60 GHz)
RSE
CALM
IR *
5.8GHz
DSRC
portable-tovehicle
CALM Applications
• Support of Internet services
• Support of traditional ITS apps – media
independent through DSRC L7
• New generation of applications:
– Major push in safety – Vehicle Safety
Communication
– New commercial applications made possible by
high data rate & long range.
Q-Free ASA
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Services defined for 5 GHz medium - 1
CVO - Tractor-Trailer Interface
CVO - Rollover Warning
CVO - Electronic Border Clearance
CVO - Weigh Station Bypass Clearance
CVO - CVO Fleet Management
CVO - Onboard Safety Data Transfer
CVO - Tractor-Trailer Matching
CVO - Transit Vehicle Data Transfer
CVO - Vehicle Safety Inspection
CVO - Drivers Daily Log
OTHER SERVICES - Probe Data Collection
OTHER SERVICES - Access Control
OTHER SERVICES – Vehicle Manufacturer Info
PAYMENTS - Toll Collection
PAYMENTS - ITS Service Payment
PAYMENTS - Other ePayments
PAYMENTS - Rental Car Processing
PAYMENTS - Parking Payment
PAYMENTS - Food Payment
PAYMENTS - Fuel Payment
SAFETY - Vehicle-to-vehicle Data Transfer
SAFETY – Highway-Rail Intersection Warning
Traffic Information - Audio Transfer - Streaming
Traffic Information - Map Updates
Traffic Information - Mobile Internet
Traffic Information - Traffic Data
Traffic Information - Traveller Information
Traffic Information - Vehicle Registration (EVI)
Traffic Information - Transit Vehicle Priority
Traffic Information - Diagnostic Data Transfer
Traffic Information - Video Transfer - Block
Traffic Information - Audio Transfer - Block
Traffic Information - Video Transfer - Streaming
Traffic Information - Repair Service Record
Traffic Information - Vehicle Software Updates
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Approaching Emergency Vehicle
Warning
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Emergency Vehicle Signal Preemption
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Intersection Emergency Vehicle
Approaching
VSC - RSU to OBU - Emergency Scene Data
Networking
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Emergency Scene Data
Networking
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Cooperative Collision Warning
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Page 6
Services defined for 5 GHz medium - 2
VSC - RSU to OBU - Map Downloads and Updates
VSC - RSU to OBU - Enhanced Route Guidance and Navigation
VSC - RSU to OBU - GPS Corrections
VSC - RSU to OBU - Adaptive Headlight Aiming
VSC - RSU to OBU - Adaptive Drivetrain Management
VSC - RSU to OBU - Merge Assistant
VSC - RSU to OBU - Sign Information (warning assistance)
VSC - RSU to OBU - Point-of-Interest Notification
VSC - RSU to OBU - Curve Speed Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Highway/Rail Collision Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Animal Crossing Zone Information
VSC - RSU to OBU - Low Bridge Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Work Zone Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Stop Sign Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Keep Clear' Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Wrong-way Driver Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Left Turn Assistant
VSC - RSU to OBU - Infrastructure Intersection Collision Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Pedestrian Crossing Information
VSC - RSU to OBU - Pedestrian/Children Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - School Zone Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Stop Sign Movement Assistance
VSC - RSU to OBU - Traffic Signal Warning
VSC - RSU to OBU - Low Parking Structure Warning
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VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Pre-crash Sensing
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Intersection Collision Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Enhanced Differential GPS Corrections
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Highway/Rail Collision Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Vehicle-based Road Condition Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Road Feature Notification
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Curve Speed Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Visibility Enhancer
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Electronic Brake Lights
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Hybrid Intersection Collision Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Instant (Problem) Messaging
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Blind Merge Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Post-Crash Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Merge Assistant
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Lane Change Assistant
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Left Turn Assistant
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Stop Sign Movement Assistant
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Cooperative Glare Reduction
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Blind Spot Warning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Platooning
VSC - OBU-to-OBU - Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Infrastructure-based Traffic Probes
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - SOS Services
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Post-Crash Warning
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Just-in-Time Repair Notification
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Intelligent On-ramp Metering
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Intelligent Traffic Lights
VSC - OBU-to-RSU - Blind Merge Warning
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TC204/WG16 Co-operation
• IEEE 802.11p and P1609 – Wireless Access in
the Vehicular Environment (WAVE)
- Co-operation agreement with WG16
• ETSI ERM TG37 – 2G/3G standards, spectrum
and test standards,…
• IETF – Internet Network Mobility (NEMO)
• ITU-R WP 8A – Global radio standards
• USA projects: VSCC and VII
• Japan projects: CALM Proof-Of-Concept,…
• Europe projects: C2C-CC, CVIS, SafeSpot,…
Q-Free ASA
Page 8
What is CALM?
Technically!
CALM classic architecture
ISO TC204
ITS APPLICATIONS
Service
QoS
HTTP/
SMTP
Protocols
Stream &
Realtime
Protocols
ISO
DSRC
L7
TCP
UDP
L2/UDP
Interface
Selection
Handover
Interface
QoS
IPv6 layer
Init
Hndovr
Secur
MAC
Init
Hndovr
Secur
MAC
802.11p
2G/3G
WAVE Q-Free ASA GSM
Init
Hndovr
Secur
MAC
GPS/Galileo
…
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CALM System Architecture (21217)
(Rev. Geneva)
CME
CALM
Manager
ISO 21210
CME
Registration of
Ingress/Egress
Interfaces
Application
Management
ISO 24101
Non-CALM-aware
IP (Internet)
APPLICATIONS
SAP
SAP
SAP
Convergence Layer
IP socket/
ISO 21210
TCP/UDP/…
INTERNET
STANDARDS
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
NME
Network SAP
Manager
ISO 21210
CALM-Aware
APPLICATIONS
SAP
SAP
Convergence Layer
Part of ISO 15628
ISO 21210
SAP
SAP
SAP
NETWORK INTERFACE
Routing and Media Switching based on IPv6
ISO 21210
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
SAP
ISO 21218
ISO 24xxx
PAN
Manager
ISO 21218
ISO 24xxx
Wired
Manager
Applications
Management SAP
Q-Free ASA
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CAN
AMIC
Ether
BlueT
W-USB
…
SAP
GPS
Data SAP
DAB
External Media CALM Network 21218 = LSAP
SAP
ISO 21218
ISO 24xxx
Broadcast
Manager
…
WiMAX
HC-SDMA
C-DSRC
ISO 21218
ISO 24xxx
W-MAN
Manager
J-DSRC
ISO 21218
ISO 24103
DSRC
ISO15628
MM-E
ISO 21218
ISO 21216
Millimeter
Manager
MM-J
M5
WiFi
…
SAP
IR-A
IR-B
…
UMTS
cdma2k
…
EDGE
GPRS
CALM Media
ISO 21218
ISO 21215
W-LAN
Manager
SAP
…
ISO 21218
ISO 21214
IR
Manager
SAP
K-DSRC
ISO 21218
ISO 21213
3G Cell
Manager
SAP
RADAR
ISO 21218
ISO 21212
2G Cell
Manager
…
IME SAP
Interface
Manager
ISO 24102
Non-CALM-aware
ISO 15628-based
APPLICATIONS
CVIS β + γ Vehicle Architecture
CALM
Network
Layer
Ethernet
Ethernet
ITS In-Vehicle Network 100baseT Ethernet
Real-time
Applications
CVIS Integrated Mobile Router
Network
C2C-CC
Fast Net
Network
DSRC
CALM LLC
Convergence
CALM MAC
Ethernet
RT
Link
Real-time
Applications
Sensors, HMI
and Control
In-Vehicle App
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN PHY
IVN PHY
In-vehicle OEM networks
CAN/VAN/MOST/AMI-C..
Nomadic device Gateway
CALM Routing
Network
Ethernet
Ref
pt
C2C
Switch
Layer
Firewall
OEM G/W
CALM M5 PHY
DSRC L2/L7
DSRC L1
Network
GPRS
Convergence
GPS
Convergence
GPRS Stack
GPS Stack
Bluetooth
GPS PHY
Bluetooth
GPRS PHY
Combined Antenna Pod
Q-Free ASA
Comms
gateway
Network
CME.
Router
NME.
Router
IME.
Router
Page 12
Communication Scenarios
•
CALM defines 5 communication scenarios:
0 – V2I Non-IPv6 communications
1 – V2I/V2V Local IPv6
CN
2 – V2I MIPv6
3 – V2I NEMO
4 – V2V Non-IPv6
HA
Internet
Access Router
Mobile Router
LFN LFN LFN
Q-Free ASA
Page 13
CALM M5: C2C-CC & WAVE
Geoaddressed
applications
(e.g. active safety)
IP Applications
(Deployment)
WAVE Short
Message Apps
WSMP
TCP / UDP
IPv6
B
C2C-CC Network Layer
A
C2C MAC
B
LLC/MAC (IEEE 802.11p)
C
P1609.4
PHY (IEEE 802.11p)
Q-Free ASA
Page 14
What about IEEE?
Draft IEEE Standards
• IEEE 1609.1: WAVE Resource Manager
– Defines “Basic Application Platform”
• Application data read/write protocol between RSU and OBU
• First application available for testing purposes
• IEEE 1609.2: 5.9 GHz Intelligent Transportation
System (ITS) Radio Service Security
– Defines 5.9 GHz DSRC Security (formerly IEEE 1556)
• Anonymity, Authenticity and Confidentiality
• IEEE 1609.3: WAVE Networking Services
– Provides description and management of the DSRC
Protocol Stack
• Application interfaces
• Network configuration management
• WAVE Short Message (WSM) transmission and reception
Q-Free ASA
Page 16
Draft IEEE Standards (cont’d)
• IEEE 1609.4: WAVE Multi-Channel Operation
– Provides DSRC frequency band coordination and
management
• Manages Lower Layer usage of the seven DSRC channels
• Integrates tightly with IEEE 802.11p
• IEEE 802.11p: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control
(MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications: Wireless
Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE)
– Defines the Lower Layers of the communications stack
• Radio wave forms and wireless medium access procedures
Q-Free ASA
Page 17
IEEE Standards Status
• Latest IEEE 1609 draft documents completed in
December 2005
• IEEE 1609 status:
– 1609.1 completed sponsor ballot, 500+ comments
– 1609 part 2-4 launched mid-January for 30 days sponsor
ballot. Many comments are expected
– Project approval all parts expected June 2006.
• IEEE 802.11p is also progressing
– Latest pre-Hawaii draft is D0.25
– Possible ballot in March 2006? (IEEE 802.11)
Q-Free ASA
Page 18
IEEE Security Services
• 5.9 GHz DSRC uses Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
to sign and/or encrypt DSRC data
– Anonymity (prevents tracking - Privacy)
• MAC address randomization
• Security certificates may also be periodically changed
• Opt-in services may not require anonymity
– Authenticity
• Digital signatures protect against various malicious security threats
– Confidentiality
• Data may also be encrypted to provide data privacy
• Safety messages broadcast from RSUs do not always require
encryption (digital signatures are always required)
Q-Free ASA
Page 19
DSRC-WAVE Program Schedule
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2009
2010
STANDARDS MAINTENANCE
STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
LAYER 1, 2
PROTOTYPE
DEPLOYMENT DECISION
Revised
.
Procedure
BUILD
PROTOTYPE
DEV.& TEST
MODERATE
.
QTY
BUIILD
PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT
INITIAL
CERTIFICATION
OUTREACH TO STATE DOTs
PRODUCTION
NEW PRODUCT CERTIFICATION
AUTO/COMMERCIAL/GOVT
APPLICATION DEV.
AUTO INDUSTRY EVALUATION AND INPUT
FCC RULE DEV.
2008
FOT
MATURE APPL.
DEPLOYMENT
FCC RULE REFINEMENT
PUBLIC AWARENESS
SAFETY APPL.
DEPLOYMENT
CALM and Security
• CALM relates to security as follows:
– Interface specific for lower layers or low latency
– Application or protocol specific for higher layers (ETC,
IPSEC,…)
• There are no specific security means built into
CALM
• Vehicle Probe Data (ISO 24100) has provisions
for protection of privacy.
• CALM is interested in input from SeVeCOM.
Liaison?
Q-Free ASA
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How to get more info
• ISO TC204/WG15 Convenor:
T. Russel Shields [email protected]
• ISO TC204/SG15.0 Convenor:
Knut Evensen [email protected]
• ISO TC204/SG15.1 Convenor:
Bob Williams [email protected]
WWW.CALM.HU
Q-Free ASA
Page 22
Extra Slides
Q-Free ASA
Page 23
Example: Full Vehicle Architecture
Central Router
Computer
INTERNET
SERVICE
ITS Application
CME SAP
.CM
Firewall
Directory
services
OEM G/W
Computer
In-Vehicle App
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN PHY IVN PHY
IVN PHY
Routing
Layer 5-7
SAP
CALM Network
Layer 3-4
Layer 5-7
SAP
CALM Network
Layer 3-4
Convergence
NME
.CM
Convergence
IVN DLL
Network
Convergence
IVN DLL
IVN PHY
CALM
Network
Layer 3-4
IME
.CM
IVN PHY
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IVN PHY IVN PHY
In-vehicle OEM
network
ITS In-Vehicle Network
CALM MR 2
CALM MR 1
CME
.MR2
CME
.MR1
SAP
NME.
MR1
SAP
Network
Layer 3-4
SAP
IME.MR1
CALM MAC
MLME SAP
PLCP/
CALM M5 PHY
PLME
Routing
CALM
Network
Network
Layer 3-4
Routing
CALM LLC
Sensors
and Control
NME
.MR2
Convergence
Convergenc
N-Layer
CALM
Network
CELL Netw
IVN DLL
IVN DLL
IME
.MR2
CELL DLL
Cellular
PHY
IVN PHY
Q-Free ASA
IVN PHY
Page 24
Example – Early Vehicle Architecture
CME
.CM
NME
.CM
RESOURCE
MANAGER,
ISO14906
ITS INTERNET
APPLICATION
Traffic
Management
Application
Application
Interface
ISO15628
Socket
TCP/UDP
Socket
UDP
VEHICLE
COMPUTER
CALM Routing
CALM NETWORK LAYER – IPv6
IN-VEHICLE NETWORK DATA LINK LAYER
IME
.CM
IN-VEHICLE NETWORK PHYSICAL LAYER
CALM Mobile Router (“CALM Modem”)
ITS InVehicle
Connection
CME
.MR
CALM Routing
Network
Network
Network
Network
Network
CALM LLC
GPRS
Convergence
DSRC
Convergence
GPS
Convergence
CALM MAC
GPRS Stack
DSRC L2/L7
GPS Stack
IVN DLL
IVN PHY
CALM M5 PHY
GPRS PHY
DSRC L1
GPS PHY
NME
.MR
IME
.MR
Combined Antenna Pod
Q-Free ASA
Page 25
Interface
Protocol
Policies
Application
Requirmt
List
Application
Protocol
Routes
Interface
Status
List
User Interface
CALM Manager
Q-Free ASA
Page 26
5 GHz Spectrum (not exact!)
HiperLAN
Europe
”j-band”
U-NII
North Ameri
U-NII - New Old
ISM
ISM band
Dedicated ITS (DSRC)
6
5,
9
5,
7
5,
6
5,
5
5,
4
5,
3
5,
2
5,
1
Configurable or regionally fixed part
5
CALM M5
WAVE?
5,
8
Japan
BRAN
Requested : Global
ITS Safety allocation 5.85-5.925
Q-Free ASA
Page 27
What is CALM M5?
US DSRC (WAVE)
• WAVE is IEEE 802.11p
Wireless Access for Vehicles
- as required by US DoT/VSCC/VII/…
• WAVE is optimised for US channel plan
• WAVE protocols are optimised for current
single-radio technology.
• No GSM or other technology is included.
Q-Free ASA
Page 29
CALM M5
• CALM M5 incorporate WAVE and adds:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Global (European) 5 GHz spectrum
Regulatory domain (border) management
Directivity and EMC control
CEN DSRC co-operation
Multiple radio/interface/antenna management
GPRS/UMTS network interconnectivity
Q-Free ASA
Page 30