Transcript SUPERCOM 2002: Session Net-01

SUPERCOM 2002: Session Net-01
Fundamentals of DSL Technology and
Applications (Technical Session)
Session: Net-01: Tuesday, June 4, 2002
Judith Hellerstein, President
Hellerstein & Associates
2400 Virginia Avenue NW, Suite 1023C
Washington, DC 20037
Phone: (202) 333-6517 Fax: (509) 355-9792
[email protected]
www.jhellerstein.com
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Introduction
 Broadband, What it is, Why is it Important
 Focus on DSL

Fundamentals of DSL
 Government Actions/Initiatives to Spur Broadband
Deployment

Key Players: FCC and Department of Commerce
 Key Regulatory Terms and Initiatives
 DSL Today: Lessons Learned From Successful
International Deployments
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What do We Mean by Broadband
 No established legal definition for what constitutes
Broadband
 Broadband means different things to different people
 Lack of a clear definition, makes planning, vision and goal
setting difficult
 FCC has one definition, the ITU uses another, Congress a
third definition, the OECD uses a fourth, and industry uses
another definition
 Need to have some clear idea or definition for the terms
broadband access or broadband deployment.
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How Should Broadband be Defined?
 FCC Defines broadband as 200K or above in both directions
 The ITU, however, defines broadband as higher than 1.5-2 Mb
 Other suggested definitions include:
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Defined by the type of services and applications offered, such as voice,
video, data, music, and not by bandwidth
Two definitions, one that describes current technologies and the other that
describes next-generation technologies
Intel and other companies suggest that broadband be defined as 4 MB and
Next Generation be defined as 100 Mb or more
No definition
A different definition for consumers than for businesses
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Four Broadband Access Technologies
 DSL: 386K-7 Mb
 Cable Modems 1Mb
 Fixed Broadband Wireless: 10Mb/s - 10Gb/s
 Satellite: 300K- 2Mb
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DSL Flavors
 Many Flavors of DSL
 Each flavor is dependent on:
The distance between the end user and the central office.
 The DSL equipment used

 DSL functionality is determined by the chipset that
is included in the flavor offered.
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Standards Based DSL Variants
 Asymmetric
and Symmetric
ADSL and G.Lite
HDSL2 and G. Shdsl
VDSL, Standard in progress
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ADSL/ HDSL2
 ADSL
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Used for all consumer DSL applications and some business
applications
 HDSL2
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An improved version of HDSL that requires only one copper pair
Symmetric solution that is spectrally compatible with ADSL
Superior reach, up to 24,000 feet
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SHDSL
 G.Shdsl
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Spectrally compatible with ADSL and other technologies
Rate adaptive form of HDSL2
Longer reach from 6,000-20,000 feet
Works over worst-case loops and worst-case interferers
Single pair (2 wire)
Speeds from 324K to 2.3 Mbps
Uses line probing to evaluate lines, analyze noise & loop
environment & pick best data-rate and power back-off depending
on situation
Two region specific annexes: North America and Europe
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VDSL
 VDSL
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Very High speed DSL that provides ultra-high bandwidth for video
delivery
Primary application is for video-on-demand, broadcast TV like functions
Spectrally compatible with other DSL flavors
Provides high bandwidth over short distances, less than 4,000 feet from the
DSLAM
 Downstream is from 12.96-52 Mbps
 Upstream is from 1.6- 16 Mb
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Standardization being delayed because of the inability to chose between
two different line codes
 The VDSL Alliance supports a variation of DMT (Discrete MultiTone), while
the VDSL Coalition supports a combination of QAM (Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation) and CAP (Carrierless Amplitude Phase)
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Interoperability/ Spectrum Management
 Interoperability is key, both among different DSL
technologies and among equipment providers
 Interoperability is a critical first step in getting to
certification
 Along with Interoperability, Spectrum
Compatibility and Management is a crucial issue
that needs to be addressed
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Development of spectrum compatibility standards is
essential to reduce cross talk and other forms of spectrum
interference
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Essential DSL Implementation Issues
 Self Installation
 Automated provisioning systems and processes
 Flow through of all orders for every provider
whether CLEC, DLEC, ILEC, or ISP
 Provide customer and technical support personnel
with all the tools needed to resolve problems
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Infrastructure Changes
 Broadband access is not only about plumbing, ie, providing
the pipes to carry the traffic, it is about:
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Applications that generate extra revenue for suppliers
New content delivery models
 Formation of partnerships between website owners and content
delivery providers
 Ability to dynamically create and display information on websites
based on the type of connection (narrowband or broadband) or device
accessing the information (PC, mobile phone, PDA, or other Internet
appliance) without user/customer intervention
 Revamping of Web sites to design and format them for the high
bandwidth user
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Key Regulatory Terms and Initiatives
 Line Sharing Order
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Provides Data LECs with the ability to use the high frequency part
of the loop to provide data services to customers, while ILEC uses
the lower frequency part to provide voice services.
Eliminates the need to provision a second line for data services
It is this Order which the DC Court of Appeals on May 24 struck
down and remanded back tot he FCC
 UNE Order
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Added DSL-capable loops, dark fiber, subloops, DLCs, inside wire,
and high-capacity loops to list of network elements required to be
unbundled.
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Key Regulatory Terms and Initiatives
 Collocation Order
How should the FCC treat DLCs and RTs
 Should the FCC mandate collocation in DLC/RT
 A Digital Loop Carrier (DLC) is a remote unit that
connects a number of subscribers to a Central Office. A
single connection runs from the Central Office to a
DLC. Copper pairs then connects the DLC to the end
user.

 A DLC’s key advantage is that it reduces the length and number
of direct connections from customer premises to the central
office.
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Remote Terminals
 According to the FCC’s collocation rules, ILECs must
make physical collocation space available wherever this is
technically feasible, even within an ILEC controlled Digital
Loop Carrier, whether it be a Remote Terminal, Hut, or
Controlled Environmental Vault
 If there is no collocation space, a CLEC must be allowed to
construct a CEV or similar structure on adjacent land
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DLC Issues
 Another problem with Remote Terminals and
DLCs is:
Data CLECs want to collocate in ILEC end offices and
get “clean” copper loops that run continuously from the
customer to the DSLAM in the Central Office
 However, most of the new DLC deployments do not
have“clean” copper loops, just fiber
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 DSLAMs cannot connect to fiber
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New FCC Broadband Initiatives
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Triennial UNE Review
Dominant/Non-Dominant
Broadband Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM)
Cable Modem Notice of Inquiry, Declaratory Ruling,
and Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
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Triennial UNE Review
 Focuses on the availability of UNEs used for delivery of
broadband and decides whether they meet the “necessary
and impair” standard
 Reviews all UNEs and decides which ones are still critical
to ensure broadband deployment
 Should the FCC unbundle high capacity loops and transport
facilities
 Should the FCC modify its definition of the loop
 How should the FCC treat next-generation or fiber
networks
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Dominant/Non-Dominant
 What is the correct definition of the broadband
telecom service market
 Should an incumbent LEC that provides broadband
service continue to be subject to dominant carrier
regulation for that service
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Broadband Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
 Focuses on the legal classifications of Telecom and Internet
services
 Answers questions such as, what is the legal and policy
framework for “broadband” under Title I and Title II of the
Communications Act
 Are access requirements appropriate in today’s market
 How does Universal Service funding remain sufficient and
predictable as services migrate to broadband platforms
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Problems with Broadband NPRM
 FCC has traditionally thought of common carrier telecommunications
as being divided into two simple categories, basic services and
enhanced services, and has regulated services based on the extent to
which a particular service fell within these two categories.
 With this NPRM, the FCC now believes, at least tentatively, that the
transmission component for broadband services and for Internet access,
should be offered outside of the statutory framework that applies to
telecommunications carriers.
 However, before attempting to change the current regulatory
framework, the FCC first needs to better define what it means by
broadband or broadband services
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NTIA Survey on Broadband Deployment
 In 2001, both NTIA and the Technology Administration
held several forums on broadband deployment and on
digital rights management issues
 In November 2001, NTIA issued a notice of inquiry asking
for comments on a series of issues relating to broadband
deployment
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Issues included
 Supply and demand for broadband services
 Any technical, economic, or regulatory barriers
 A better definition for broadband and broadband services
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NTIA’s Guideposts for Facilitating
Broadband Deployment
 Market, not government, should drive broadband’s rollout.
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Government’s role is to remove regulatory roadblocks that impede
efficient capital investment
 Rational facilities investment should be the ultimate goal of
policies the government pursues
 Promote competition through a technology-neutral paradigm
 Recognize that the market might not always work well or at
the same pace in all areas
 After a new regulatory framework has been established make
sure it is backed up with enforcement measures with real teeth
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How did the Industry Respond to NTIA’s Inquiry?
 The majority of all the commenters called for some kind of
subsidy to incent companies to deploy broadband in all
areas of the country, specifically in rural areas
 Most popular type of subsidy mentioned requested were:
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Tax breaks
Tax credits
Low interest loans
Loan guarantees
Accelerating depreciation schedules
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Technology Administration’s Broadband Goals
 Educate companies on the value of broadband by
identifying and commending innovative uses of broadband
applications
 Enforce laws to protect intellectual property rights and help
better educate consumers around the world about these
laws
 Accelerate the depreciation schedules for business
investment in broadband infrastructure equipment
 Urge Congress to make the R&D tax credit permanent to
incent further broadband-enabling technologies
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Technology Administration’s Goals
 Support market development by using broadband
technologies in government led initiatives, such as
procurement and e-government initiatives
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Local governments can partner with local users to aggregate
demand and make the market case for deployment more compelling
to carriers
 Work with State and Local Governments to identify and
adopt best practices with respect to rights of way, tower
siting, zoning, taxation, building codes, and other issues
 Identify and support international telecom policies that
promote broadband growth
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Success of DSL Internationally
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Japan 1.52 million
Taiwan: 1.1 million
Korea: 5.03 million
Canada 1.02 million
Germany: 1.8 million
France: 430 million
Italy: 390,000
UK: 127,000
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US DSL Penetration
 Low penetration rates in the US are not caused by regulatory issues or
constraints
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In Japan, where competition is intense, prices are lower, services are higher, and
subscribers are plentiful. Yahoo Japan offers a promotion rate of $19 a month
 Japan, Canada, Korea, and a host of other countries charge less than $22 for DSL and
prices will likely drop for low speed DSL as competition with cable companies heats
up.
 Instead,low penetration rates are the result of several other factors:
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High prices
A lack of understanding of why consumers need high-speed access as well as
other demand side challenges at the prices charged
Lack of any direct competitors to the incumbents
Lack of local broadband content
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Broadband Penetration per 100 Inhabitants
(OECD data)
14
13.91
12
10
8
6.22
6
4.52
4
3.24
2.74
2.36
2.33
2.27
2
1.03
0.94
0.59
0.59
0.09
0
Korea CanadaSweden
Germany Japan FranceAustralia UK
US NetherlandsAustriaDenmarkBelgium
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Conclusion
 Reviewed the Fundamentals Behind DSL
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The critical need for interoperability and spectrum management
DSL Implementation Issues
Key infrastructure changes resulting from broadband deployments
 Government Actions to Spur Broadband Deployment
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Regulatory actions tend to affect the type of broadband access service used, the
speed of deployment, the price charged, and geographic coverage
 DSL Today: Lessons Learned From Successful International
Deployments
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Broadband and Internet access will continue to increase
The demand is real, it is just a question of cost, time and the lack of any killer
application
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Questions, Comments, Suggestions?
Judith Hellerstein, President
Hellerstein & Associates
2400 Virginia Avenue NW Washington, DC 20037
Phone: (202) 333-6517 Fax: (509) 355-9792
[email protected]
www.jhellerstein.com
Thank You
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