10-30-07 Obj: To understand the causes and effects of the Spanish-American War

Focus: Define Imperialism and the causes of American Imperialism.

The Spanish – American – Cuban War Chapter 18 Section 2

Terms and Names Jose Marti Valeriano Weyler yellow journalism USS Maine George Dewey Rough Riders San Juan Hill

Cuban Political Instability • • • •

Spain controlled both Puerto Rico and Cuba

Cubans frequently rebelled against

Spain

1868 – 1878 Cubans fought their first war against Spain for independence 1886 - Forced Spain to get rid of slavery

• America began to invest in sugar plantations in Cuba • 1884 – US abolished tariff on Cuban sugar which caused production to take off • 1894 – High tariff was restored and destroyed Cuba’s economy

2 nd War for Independence

•

Jose Marti

–Cuban poet & journalist –Organized Cuban resistance by encouraging Cubans to destroy American owned property –Wanted America to help in the resistance against Spain

American Opinion • Business people wanted the US to support Spain and protect their businesses • Others were excited for the Cuban cause –“Cuba Libre!”

Valeriano Weyler

•

Spanish General

•

Sent to Cuba to restore order

• Moved 300,000 people into

concentration camps

•

Thousands died from hunger

and disease within two years

Yellow Journalism

• • • • Newspaper and magazine articles that exaggerate events to get the attention of the readers.

William Randolph Hearst – York Journal Joseph Pulitzer – New World Newspaper Some reporters made up wild

stories

The DeLome Letter

• February 1898 • Enrique Dupuy deLome, Spanish

minister to the United States

• Wrote a private letter criticizing

President McKinley

• The letter was published in the

New York Journal

• DeLome resigned his position

The USS Maine

• The USS Maine was sent to Cuba to

protect American lives and property

•

February 15, 1898 – the ship exploded and sank

• Spain was blamed for the attack

April 20, 1898

America declares war on Spain!

War in the Philippines

• • • The first battle took place in the

Philippines

The Philippines were owned by the Spanish for over 300 years

May 1, 1898 George Dewey destroyed the Spanish fleet in

the Manila Bay (Philippines)

US Forces Invade Cuba

• • •

Admiral William T. Sampson sealed the Spanish fleet in Santiago harbor

• Showed the strength of the US Navy Army landed in Cuba in June 1898 The US Army had little supplies

and poor leadership

Rough Riders

• A volunteer cavalry • Led by Leonard Wood and

Theodore Roosevelt

• Along with African – American troops, captured San Juan Hill

Treaty of Paris of 1898

• •

August 12 th – United States and Spain

signed an armistice to end the war.

December 10 th

agreed: – United States and Spain

1) Cuba would become independent 2) Spain would give Guam and Puerto Rico to the United States 3) United States would pay Spain $20 million for the Philippines

Annexation of the Philippines

•

Some Americans disagreed with annexing the Philippines

– It’s a violation of the Declaration of Independence (denying self – government to a country) – America should settle its own problems first – Immigrants from the Philippines would take American jobs

Closure… • Create a Diagram of the causes and effects of the Spanish-American War.

– …it may look like this…

Cause 1

Spanish-American War

Effect 1