Transcript Slide 1

UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE IADGs/ MDGs: THE
TANZANIA NATIONAL REPORT
PRESENTATION AT ECOSOC MEETING IN
NEW YORK
on 2nd July 2008
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
1. Introduction
2. The National Development Policy &
Strategies
3. Key Strategic Successes in Implementation
4. Capacity Building and Scaling up: Challenges
and Lessons
5.Building Partnerships
6. Financing Requirements
7. Conclusions and Way Forward
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INTRODUCTION
– The 2005 World Summit mandated the
United Nations Economic and Social Council
(ECOSOC) to undertake an annual
ministerial-level substantive review (AMR)
of progress in the implementation of the
internationally agreed development goals
(IADGs), including the MDGs.
– In this context Tanzania volunteered to
prepare a national report in order to share
its experience with others
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OBJECTIVES
The Objectives:
• International community to understand
Tanzania’s policies and practices
•
Provide feedback
performance
•
Share with
experience
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to
others
Tanzania
our
on
lessons
its
from
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The NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Frameworks
• Key Features and relationship to IADGs:
– Tanzania Vision 2025.
– Zanzibar Vision 2020.
– Both have five attributes:
– Quality of life, Peace, security and
unity, Good governance and rule
of law, Educated and learning
society
and
Strong
and
competitive economy
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The NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
•
Having worked on macroeconomic stabilization for a
decade, Tanzania started to address poverty as a
major policy concern in 1996 within the framework
of the macroeconomic policies which were being
implemented.
•
These initiatives started with the formulation of the
National Poverty Eradication Strategy (NPES) in
1997 and the subsequent PRSP process in 1999 and
2000 which resulted in Poverty Reduction Strategy
Paper (PRSP) and Zanzibar Poverty Reduction Plan
(ZPRP) in order to access debt relief under the HIPC
Initiative.
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The NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY-2
Poverty Reduction Strategies
(i) PRSP/ZPRP: First Generation PRS
(ii) National Strategy for Growth and
Reduction of Poverty(MKUKUTA and
MKUZA): second generation PRS
• This Initiative has incorporated IADGs,
including MDGs
into national
development policy/strategy
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THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY-4
National & Sectoral Policies :
• Implementation through Strategic Plans:
–Sector Wide Approaches(SWAPs);
–MTEF-Central and Local Govt;
–Annual Public Expenditure reviews( PERs),
General Budget Support(GBS) review and
Budgeting; and
–Decentralisation by Devolution PolicyLocal government Authorities empowered
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THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RATEGY-5
• Progress in Implementation:
– Participation in policy making
– PRS as a guiding framework
– National budget aligned to MKUKUTA
– MKUKUTA costing initiated
– Monitoring system developed
– MMS Output:
• MKUKUTA Annual implementation report;
• Strategic policy brief to Parliament
• Poverty and Human Development Report
(PHDR); and
• MDGs progress Report
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Key Strategic Successes and challenges-1
• Goal 1: Eradication of extreme poverty and
hunger
– Current average growth of 7%- on going
economic, governance & institutional
reforms, cf 8-10%
– Challenges
• Translating growth to poverty reductiontrickledown effect,
• Malnutrition persists in some pockets of
the country; and
• The current higher food prices is both a
challenge and an opportunity
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Key Strategic Successes and challenges-2
• Goal 2: Achieving UPE
– Achievements
• UPE basically achieved after removing fees
for primary education in 2001. By 2007
net enrolment ratio was 97.3 %
• Gender parity has significantly improved
• PEDP contributed to success.
– Challenges
• quality and performance
• More teachers and other basic facilities
needed to cope with UPE (quality?)
• Creativity and innovativeness
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Key Strategic Successes and challenges-3
• Goal 3:Gender equality
– Achievements:
• ratio of girls to boys in secondary schools
has improved-48 to 52
• The no. of women in public service
increased. Women Parliamentarians are
30%
• Gender budgeting enhanced
– Challenges
• High drop out rate of girls at primary
education
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Key Strategic Successes and challenges-4
• Goal 4: Reducing child mortality
– Achievements:
• Under five- year mortality declined from 112
per 1000 live births in 2000 to 68 per 1000 live
birth in 2006
• Infant mortality rate declined from 95(2000) to
68 per 1000 live births(2006)
• Childhoods vaccination against measles
increased from 78.2% to 82.5%
– Challenges:
• Diseases and Malnutrition
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Key Strategic Successes and challenges-5
• Goal 5: Maternal health
– No significant improvement (529 as of
1996 to 578 of 2005?)
– Challenges:
• Under funding;
• Impact of HIV/AIDS, though prevalence
rates are declining; and
• Inadequate quality health services and
facilities, and malnutrition
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Key Strategic Successes and challenges-6
• Goal 6: Combating HIV/AIDS, Malaria , TB and
other diseases
– Achievements
• Declining prevalence rate from 7% to 4.6% ;
• Wider use of ARVs; and
• Awareness increased with the national
campaign
– Challenges
• Burden on the health system
• Declining labour force
• Caring for orphans
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Key Strategic Successes and challenges-7A
• Goal 7:Environmental Sustainability
– Achievements
Mainstreaming of environment concerns in
MKUKUTA and MKUZA;
• The URT government has ratified a number
of international convention and protocols
related to environment;
• National Adaptation Programmed of Actiondeveloped;
• NAPA has identified 14 priority areas of
intervention on;
• Programme for Reduction of Emission from
Deforestation and Forest Degradation(REDD)
developed
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Key Strategic Successes and challenges-7B
Access to water & Sanitation
• Access to safe water increased from 68%
in 2000 to 78% in 2006/07 in urban areas
and 49% to 55.7% in rural areas.
• Sanitation improved (access from 91.6 in
2002 to 98.5% in 2005.
• Improved human settlements but not yet
adequate to cope with the high rate of
urbanization.
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Key Strategic Successes and challenges-7C
• Environment Sustainability
• Climate change (CC)- continues to be a global
challenge for achieving sustainable development,
and hence the IADGs;
• In Tanzania the impacts of global warming are
already evident in almost all sectors of the
economy and throughout the country;
• Recurring droughts, flooding, submergence of
coastal water wells and melting of Mount
Kilimanjaro snow are manifestation of CC impacts;
and
• Use of biomass based fuel still persisting as
alternative sources of energy are slow to take
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over.
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Key Strategic Successes and challenges-8
• Goal 8: Develop Global Partnership for
Development
– Achievements
• Development of aid management framework(
TAS & JAST)
– -improved harmonization & alignment,
Aid coordination, national ownership and
leadership of development process
• Independent Monitoring Group (IMG) as has
been instrument for mutual accountability
• Debt relief through HIPC has been important
but not panacea to debt problems
– Challenges
• High level of aid dependence
• Aid conditionality persistence
• Aid predictability
• Aid effectiveness
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Building national Capacity and Scaling up
Successes-1
There has been encouraging progress;
However-national Capacity building to address
remaining key Challenges is needed:
(i) Inadequate funding in almost all sectors of the
Tanzania economy;
(ii) translating growth into poverty reduction and
reducing income inequality, and gap between
urban and rural poverty
(iii) Linking achievements in education to the
changing demands of the labour market;
(iv)Addressing gender inequality at higher levels of
education and improving maternal health care;
and
(v) Responding to HIV and AIDS threats to the
economy and health system
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Lessons from implementation of National Strategies
to achieve IADGs/MDGs
•
•
•
•
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Participatory approach is crucial for a social
sensitive policy/strategy formulation-basis for
our success;
Growth is a necessary (but not sufficient)
condition for poverty reduction in the
medium-term;
Comprehensive result-based monitoring
system is crucial for gauging performance(self
assessment);
An
inclusive
government-led
dialogue
structure creates supportive environment for
promoting national ownership
and
development cooperation coherence, needed
for aid effectiveness;
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Lessons from implementation of National Strategies to
achieve IADGS/MDGS
– Governance and accountability are underlying
condition for growth and reduction of poverty;
– Mutual accountability as provided in the Paris
declaration, requires and independent Monitor;
and ; and
– An exit strategy from high levels of dependence
should be considered from an early stage, even
if a country may need higher levels of aid in
order to build the domestic capacity for
managing its economy in a future date.
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conclusion
• While
implementing
National
development Strategies, Tanzania has
recorded mixed progress towards
achieving the MDGs.
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Conclusion-1
•
Areas likely to meet MDGs:
• universal primary education, gender
equality in primary and secondary
education ;
• Reduction in child mortality;
• Improving aid relationships as part of the
global partnerships, and
• Safe water for drinking and sanitation.
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Conclusion -2
Areas Unlikely to Meet MDGS
• Eradicating extreme poverty and hunger;
• Maternal Mortality;
• Environment Sustainability ; and
• Strategies for Decent and productive work for
youth
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Way Forward-1
Fiscal Measures:
• Scale up domestic resource mobilization-Tax
base expansion and Administration; and
• Improve Public Financial Management systemtransparency and reduce fiduciary risks,
Resource costing:
• Improve costing and prioritization;
• Improve estimates of resource ; and
• Complete financial sector reforms to ensure
broader access to financial services
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Way Forward-2
Strengthen development cooperation so as to
enhance aid effectiveness:
• Continue to implement JAST to ensure:
o Adequate national capacity for effective
external resources management and aid
coordination;
o Continuity of the implementation of the
new dialogue structure;
o Enhancement of aid predictability;
o Promotion of the use of government
systems
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