Transcript Lysbilde 1 - Accent

EMEP INTENSIVE MEASUREMENT
PERIODS IN CLOSE PARTNERSSHIP
WITH EU PROJECTS
Wenche Aas , Andres Alastuey, Francesco Canonaco, Fabrizia Cavalli , Franco
Lucarelli, Eiko Nemitz, André S.H. Prévôt, Jean-Philippe Putaud, David Simpson,
Cathrine Lund Myhre, Xavier Querol, Svetlana Tsyro, Karl Espen Yttri
EMEP intensive measurement periods
To assist the implementation of the EMEP monitoring strategy. The task force of
measurement and modelling (TFMM) has recommended conducting co-ordinated
intensive measurements between the Level-2 sites (joint EMEP/GAW supersites).
Furthermore, cooperation and involvement of research groups with more advanced
research activities (i.e. level 3) has been encouraged
1 st Period
2nd Period
3rd Period
1 - 30 of June 2006
17 Sep – 16 Oct 2008
8 to July 12(17) 2012
8 Jan -4 Feb 2007
 25 Feb – 26 Mar 2009
11 jan - 8 Febr 2013
Outline of this talk
Some main results from the different measurement periods
highlight the interlink with research projects
Highlight the importance of infrastructure project to develop harmonized
methodology and reporting guidelines in Europe
Intensive measurements 2006/2007
Data available from 2006/2007
Chemical speciation comparison
Not complete chemical analysis of
measurements in Switzerland
 Model suggests that mineral dust
can be important in the summer
Measurements of organic carbon is much
higher than modeled, especially in winter
 Indications of problems with
official emission estimates
Lessons learnt from the 1. EMEP IMP
• Produced a set of valuable data and new possibilities for
validation of the EMEP model, In particular:
• size-distribution and formation rates of HNO and coarse nitrate
• the diurnal variation of ammonia, EMEP model to be coupled to a
dynamic ammonia emission module
• underestimation of EC and OC at southern sites, suggesting that
residential wood burning source is underestimated in winter
3
• Identified several measurement problems
•
•
•
•
Lack of mineral dust measurements
Biased measurements for nitrogen and carbonaceous matter
Lack of comparability
No standardized reporting format
Improved in future intensive periods
Intensive periods 2008 and 2009
Sites with AMS measurements in the
EUCAARI campaigns 2008/2009
Relative organic source contributions
(ME-2 results).
EMEP IMP 2008/2009 - The
Carbonaceous Aerosol
Source apportionment of the
carbonaceous aerosol by
using weekly data on EC,
OCp, TCp, levoglucosan and
the 14C/12C as input for the
statistical method Latin
Hypecube Sampling (LHS)
Weekly measurement and
centralized laboratories
and/or harmonized method
(i.e EUSAAR-2)
Fall
Relative
contribution to the
carbonaceous
fraction in PM10
Five predefined
subcategories/sources.
Winter/
spring
05.10.09
Elemental and organic
carbon from
combustion of biomass
(ECbb and OCbb)
fossil fuel sources (ECff
and OCff),
organic carbon from
natural sources (OCnf).
Intensive periodes 2012 and 2013
June 8 to July 12(7) 2012, and jan/febr 2013
One year measurements with ACSM (from june 2012)
High resolution, and extended measurements of aerosols
and its precursors (ACTRIS) while EMEP has a special focus
on mineral dust.
A cooperation between
•
•
•
•
•
EMEP TFMM (http://www.nilu.no/projects/ccc/tfmm/
ACTRIS (http://www.actris.net/)
ChArMeX (http://charmex.lsce.ipsl.fr).
EARLINET
Pegasos (http://pegasos.iceht.f orth.gr/
ACTRIS
Distribution of sites
+Armenia
05.10.09
Speciation of PM10, summer 2012
Mineral dust:
centralized lab using PIXE –
laboratory in Florence.
- Scientific lead:
Xavier Querol and Andres
Alestuey, CSIC
14
13
12
5
11
6
9
3
4
2
Inorganic ions (regular EMEP)
1
10
8
7
Carbonaceous
•EC/OC (EMEP + extra)
•Carbonate (Lead by JP Putaud
and Fabrizia Cavalli, JRC)
Mineral
dust
(june
2012)
(µg/m3)
7,2
Mineral load: obtained by the addition of the
SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 concentrations, and the
dust contribution of Na2O, K2O, CaO and
MgO after the subtraction of their marine
contribution from the bulk concentrations
17-Jul-12
16-Jul-12
15-Jul-12
14-Jul-12
13-Jul-12
12-Jul-12
11-Jul-12
10-Jul-12
SK06
GB48
DE44
GR02
9-Jul-12
8-Jul-12
7-Jul-12
6-Jul-12
5-Jul-12
4-Jul-12
3-Jul-12
2-Jul-12
1-Jul-12
30-Jun-12
29-Jun-12
28-Jun-12
27-Jun-12
26-Jun-12
25-Jun-12
24-Jun-12
23-Jun-12
22-Jun-12
SE12
AM01
CH02
IT04
21-Jun-12
20-Jun-12
19-Jun-12
18-Jun-12
17-Jun-12
IE31
MD13
FR30
IT01
ES1778
16-Jun-12
15-Jun-12
14-Jun-12
30000
13-Jun-12
35000
12-Jun-12
40000
11-Jun-12
45000
10-Jun-12
9-Jun-12
8-Jun-12
7-Jun-12
Mineral dust ng/m3
African dust episodes
Mineral dust
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
From Lucia Mona –CNR-IMAA, P
Trace metals: fuel oil combustion
ng/m3
V
1.0
0.4
1.4
1.1
0.2
4.9
0.7
2.0
1.0
1.9
4.9
6.2
1.0
Trace metals: mixed origin
Cr
0.3
0.3
1.1
1.0
0.2
1.2
3
2
5
2
1.4
3
1.1
0.9
0.6
metallurgical
origin
0.6
0.8
0.2 0.5
1.2
2.4
fuel oil
combustion
2.2
1.1
1.3
25
y = 2.55x - 0.34
R² = 0.72
20
V ng/m3
Ni
15
10
5
0
2.3
2.5
-5
0
2
4
Ni
ng/m3
6
8
Trace metals: traffic origin
ng/m3
Trace
metals: coal
combustion
Sulphate
coal
combustion
fuel oil
combustion
Data quality and quality control
• Essential to have harmonized measurements to be
able to do comparison over time and space
• Standard operation procedures and reference
methods developed
• Regular field and laboratory intercomparison
• Reporting guidlines
Monitoring frameworks:
Infrastructure projects
Summary
 The EMEP intensive measurement periods have become an important part of the
monitoring programme
 Production of high resolution and/or advanced measurement (EUCAARI and ACTRIS).
 Production of chemical composition data on mineral dust and carbonaceous matter
using comparable field and analytical methodology at a number of regional
background sites representative of different European regions
 Established reporting guidelines and QA/QC procedures for a range of new
components for the EMEP Community (EUSAAR and ACTRIS project central)
 Enhanced the cooperation between the research and monitoring communities –
win win, co benefit:
 EMEP benefits from the scientific development and development of reference
methods and reporting
 Research projects benefits from infrastructure and added value of the data
(increased visibility). Partnership is often a prerequisite to get funding from the
Commission
 Data available at: http://ebas.nilu.no/
 Future campaigns are not fixed. Potentially in 2016, though need partnerships