Transcript The Business Benefits of Accessible IT Design

The Business Benefits of
Accessible IT Design
by:
Steve Jacobs
Accessibility Program Manager
NCR Corporation; and, President
IDEAL at NCR;
Phone: (614) 777-0660
TTY/STS: 711
[email protected]
Last Updated: June 19, 2002
This presentation uses material that is part of an NCR, EASI, National
Science Foundation (NSF)-funded course entitled, “The Business Benefits of
Accessible Information Technology (IT) Design.”
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 1 of 44
Please Contribute to this Presentation!
I sincerely welcome and would appreciate receiving viewer
comments, additional information regarding any of the addressed
subject areas and/or recommended additions, changes and/or
deletions.
Many thanks!
Steve Jacobs
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 2 of 44
Copyright and Permissions
The content of this presentation, and all links, are Copyright ©
2000 - 2002 by EASI, Inc. All rights reserved. These materials are
to be used for reference purposes only. They may not be
reproduced without written permission. Users are not
permitted to download text and images to mount on their own
client or server systems for public or commercial use, or for use by
a set of subscribers. The creation of links to this material are
welcomed provided they are appropriately credited and are subject
to these conditions of use. For more information please contact:
Steve Jacobs
Phone: (614) 777-0660
TTY/STS: 711
E-mail: [email protected]
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 3 of 44
Accessible IT Design
This presentation overviews the demographics of the following
consumer groups and describes how accessible IT design practices
can help accommodate individuals falling into these categories.
• Individuals 65+ years old;
• Consumers living in low-bandwidth information
infrastructures;
• People with disabilities;
• People who never learned to read;
• Users of English as a Second Language (ESL);
• Tourists and people living in multilingual societies;
• People who are colorblind and those who interpret the
meaning of color variously; and,
• Consumers living in high-density populations;
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 4 of 44
Accessible IT Design
In addition to individuals falling into the previously-mentioned
categories... accessible IT design practices can help accommodate
wide-ranges of:
• Preferences for acquiring information;
• Learning styles; and,
• Experience levels using information systems;
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 5 of 44
®
CIBIR-SPACE
Countries
Definition
China; India; Brazil; Indonesia; Russia
South Korea; Poland; Argentina; Central & Eastern Europe1
[1] Central and Eastern Europe include Belarus, Bosnia,
Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Macedonia, Slovak
Republic, Slovenia and the Ukraine.
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 6 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
A country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) provides a good
starting point for comparing economic strength between
countries. In the year 2000 GDP [$US] was as follows:
• Canada, $775B;
• United States, $10T;
• European Union countries, $8.5T;
• CIBIR-SPACE® countries, $11.7T; and,
• Worldwide, $44T.
Please see the following charts for details: Gross Domestic Product Data
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/gdp.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 7 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Marketing Philosophies: Traditional
Traditional Marketing Philosophy: The "mass-marketing"
philosophy of yesterday promoted marketing one product to as
many consumers as possible. This marketing philosophy builds
on the four Ps of marketing which are Product, Place, Price and
Promotion.
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 8 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Marketing Philosophies: One-to-One
Marketing focus is shifting from institutions to individual
consumers. Share of customers is replacing market share.
Companies are establishing lifelong relationships with individual
consumers. Personalizing products and services to meet
individual needs and preferences is the marketing philosophy of
the day. This is a "One-to-One" marketing philosophy. One-toOne involves five actions. These actions (five Is) are
Identification, Individualization, Interaction, Integration and
Integrity.
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 9 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Persons 65+ Years of Age
Fifty-two percent of people 65+ years of age have some
type of disability. Thirty-three percent of persons 65+
years of age have a severe disability. Many people, 65+
years of age have:
• Decreased visual acuity;
• Reduced powers of accommodation;
• Decreased contrast sensitivity;
• Increased sensitivity to glare;
• Longer dark adaptation times; and,
• Decreased color vision and discrimination.
Please see the following charts for details: Sixty-five Plus Years of Age Populations
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/sixty-five.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 10 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Persons 65+ Years of Age
Populations of people 65+ years of age are as follows:
• Canada, 4M;
• United States, 35M;
• European Union countries, 62M;
• CIBIR-SPACE® countries, 190M; and,
• Worldwide, 486M.
Please see the following charts for details: Sixty-five Plus Years of Age Populations
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/sixty-five.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 11 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Low-Bandwidth Infrastructures
More than five billion consumers live in low-bandwidth information
infrastructures. Average bandwidth availability, per person, in
North America is 871 bits-per-second (bps). Using North America
as a baseline of 100%, bandwidth availability per person living on
other continents is as follows:
• Europe, 927 bps [106%];
• United States and Canada, 887 bps [101%];
• Latin America 31 bps [3.6%];
• Asia, 14.3 bps [1.6%]; and,
• Africa, 2 bps [.2%].
Please see the following charts for details: Bandwidth and Connection Speeds
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/Bandwidth_Conn_Speed.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 12 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Low-Bandwidth Infrastructures
Twenty-two million at-home surfers accessed the Internet via
broadband connection in January, 2002. This represents 21%
of the total online population at-home. This means that 79%
are not broadband. Designing for access can enable the
telephone access to web sites.
Please see the following charts for details: Bandwidth and Connection Speeds
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/Bandwidth_Conn_Speed.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 13 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Telephones
Telephone-based voice portals are becoming increasingly popular.
The number of telephones currently in use, and the number of
[telephones per person] are as follows:
• Canada, 18.5M [.59];
• United States 194M [.70];
• European Union countries, 201M [.53];
• CIBIR-SPACE® Countries 279M [.09]; and,
• Worldwide, 928M [.16].
Please see the following charts for details: Percentage of Mobile Cellular Telephones to Telephones
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/Mobile_to_Tele.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 14 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Cellular Telephones
The number of mobile cellular telephones currently in use, and
the number of [mobile cellular telephones per person] are as
follows:
• Canada, 4.3M [.14];
• United States, 36M [.13];
• European Union countries, 92M [.24];
• CIBIR-SPACE® Countries 115M [.04]; and,
• Worldwide, 420M [.07].
Please see the following charts for details: Percentage of Mobile Cellular Telephones to Telephones
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/Mobile_to_Tele.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 15 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Cellular Telephones to Standard Telephones
Sixty-one countries have a ratio of Mobil Cellular Telephones to
Telephones than the United States. Of these countries 16 have
ratios greater than 100%. They are as follows:
• Cambodia, 367%;
• Austria, 113%;
• Sao Tome and Principe,
231%;
• South Korea, 113%;
• Paraguay, 176%;
• Zambia, 112%;
• Cote d'Ivoire 147%;
• Slovenia, 139%;
• Taiwan, 128%;
• Ireland, 126%;
• Czech Republic, 112%;
• United Arab Emirates, 109%;
• Japan, 106%;
• Mongolia, 106%; and,
• Philippines, 103% [4];
• Singapore, 121%;
Please see the following charts for details: Percentage of Mobile Cellular Telephones to Telephones
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/Mobile_to_Tele.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 16 of 44
Accessible IT Design
People with Disabilities
Estimates of the number of People with Disabilities vary widely.
Unfortunately there is not a standard source of global disability
data. The following disabilities contribute significantly, to
preventing people from accessing and using E&IT. Not all
disabilities preclude this use.
•
Orthopedic Impairments;
•
Learning Disabilities;
•
Mental Retardation;
•
Visual Impairments;
•
Hearing Impairments;
•
Paralysis;
•
Deformities;
•
Colorblindness;
•
Absence or Loss of Limb/other
body parts;
•
Speech Impairments
•
Other and Ill-Defined
Impairments;
•
Diseases of the MusculoSkeletal System and
Connective Tissue;
Please see the following charts for details: Disability Data
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/disability_data.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 17 of 44
Accessible IT Design
People with Disabilities
The statistics presented in this chapter are extrapolations of
US statistics based on population. This was done based upon
the fact that people live shorter lives in poor countries so they
do not reach the age at which many disabilities emerge in
richer populations, but that there are more disabilities earlier
in life due to poor health care.
Please see the following charts for details: Disability Data
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/disability_data.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 18 of 44
Accessible IT Design
People with Disabilities
The use of color can greatly enhance a user interface, but only if
it is used appropriately. Color may be a matter of preference for
most people, but it is critical for many users with visual
impairments. The number of people who are colorblind are as
follows:
• Canada, 1M;
• United States, 10M;
• European Union countries, 14M;
• CIBIR-SPACE® Countries, 112M; and,
• Worldwide, 230M.
Please see the following charts for details: Disability Data
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/disability_data.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 19 of 44
Accessible IT Design
People of Low Literacy
• The average reading level is at the eighth- to ninth-grade
level (between levels 2 and 3 in functional competency
measures).
• About one in five read at the fifth-grade level and below (in
functional competency terms, at about level 1).
• For older Americans (65 and over) and for inner-city
minorities almost two out of five read below the fifth-grade
level (at level 1). (Doak, Doak, & Root, 1996, p. 3).
• Adults and children read at least one or two grade levels
below their last school grade completed. (Hilts & Krilyk, 1989,
p. 3)
Please see the following charts for details: Low Literacy
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/low_literacy.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 20 of 44
Accessible IT Design
People who Cannot Read
The significant importance of designing self-voicing interfaces
is not readily clear when one looks at the number of people
who are blind, worldwide. Being able to read is fundamental to
using systems that require the ability to read. Self-voicing
interfaces can accommodate people who cannot read. The
number of people who cannot read is as follows:
• Canada, 1M;
• United States, 8.3M;
• European Union countries, 6.9M;
• CIBIR-SPACE® Countries 793M; and,
• Worldwide, 1.6B.
Please see the following charts for details: Literacy Rates
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/literacy-rates.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 21 of 44
Accessible IT Design
People who Cannot Read
Accessibly-designed “talking interfaces” are proving themselves
to be useful by persons who are blind. This access method is
also effective in accommodating consumers who are illiterate.
Accessibly designed “talking” system interfaces can
significantly enhance usability by hundreds-of-millions of
consumers.
Please see the following charts for details: Literacy Rates
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/literacy-rates.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 22 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Users of English as a Second Language (ESL)
• ESL: There are no official figures available on the number of
people who use ESL; that is, people whose mother tongue is
not English but who live in countries in which English has
official or joint official status and who therefore use English for
official business. The estimate often quoted is 300 million.
English is the official or joint official language of over 70
countries1.
• EFL: There are no official figures available on the number of
people who use EFL (that is, in countries in which English has
no official status). Estimates range from 300 million to 750
million. Clearly, such figures can only be treated as
approximate. There is no way of quantifying the number of
people worldwide who may have learned some English at
school.
Please see the following charts for details: Users of English as a Second or Foreign Language
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/esl.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 23 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Users of English as a Second Language (ESL)
People who use ESL cannot understand English as fluently as
a person using English as their native language. Designing
interfaces and content that use the simplest language
possible can enhance understandability by users of ESL. It
also can also serve to minimize liability associated with
unclear instructions on how to use a product.
Also, simplified English content translates into other
languages less expensively and can be read more quickly
using the small displays of wireless, handheld, Internet
appliances.
Please see the following charts for details: Users of English as a Second or Foreign Language
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/esl.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 24 of 44
Accessible IT Design
People of Low Income and the Unbanked
• Most middle-class folks are dimly aware there's a parallel
financial world out there in other peoples' neighborhoods,
where the less fortunate rely on check-cashing firms,
pawnshops, and short-term lenders instead of banks. What
they may not know is that these "fringe" financial institutions
meet needs that banks often don't, and that their customers
are paying a very high price for their "unbanked" status
• The "unbanked" are a larger group than you might think.
According to Federal Reserve estimates, 13.2% of American
households do not have a checking account, and 9.5% have
no bank account at all. The "unbanked" also tend to be
disproportionately young, less educated, and earning low
incomes.
Please see the following charts for details: Unbanked
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/unbanked.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 25 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Tourism
In total 328M tourists visited the United States between 19942000. International Arrivals to U.S. from 1994-2000 were as
follows:
• North America, 168M;
• Central America, 4.3M;
• Europe 71M;
• Oceania, 4.5M;
• Asia, 49M;
• Middle East, 3.8M; and,
• South America, 18M;
• Africa, 1.6M.
• Caribbean, 8.1M;
Please see the following charts for details: Tourism Data
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/tourism_data.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 26 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Tourism
The number of people traveling to the United States, from
Foreign countries, in 2000 were as follows:
• Mexico, 18.9M;
• Spain, 1.3M;
• Canada, 15.1M;
• Netherlands, 1.1M;
• U.K., 4.2M;
• Switzerland, 994K;
• France, 2.9M;
• Bahamas, 913K;
• Germany, 2.3M;
• Jamaica, 886K;
• Italy, 2.2M;
• Hong Kong, 832K; and,
• Japan, 1.3M;
• S. Korea, 779K;
Please see the following charts for details: Tourism Data
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/tourism_data.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 27 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Multilingual Environments
There are only three languages spoken by more than one
million people in the United States. In Canada there are only
two languages used by more than a million people. Most
European Union countries have no more than two languages
spoken by more than one million people. The number of
languages spoken by more than a million people in other
countries are as follows:
• India, 45;
• China, 21;,
• Indonesia, 16;
• Germany, 3; and,
• Spain, 3.
Please see the following charts for details: Language Data
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/language-data.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 28 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Multilingual Environments
Accessibly-designed “talking interfaces” are proving
themselves to be useful by persons who are blind. There are
two methods of voice activating system interfaces. One is to
use pre-recorded speech. The second is to use Text-to-Speech
Synthesizers (TTS). In order to incorporate the use of TTS into
a system interface that interface and its content need to be
designed in an accessible manner.
Please see the following charts for details: Language Data
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/language-data.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 29 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Simplified English
Hundreds of companies have turned to Controlled Languages (CL)
as a means of improving readability. Controlled Languages are
also referred to as Plain English, Simplified English, Controlled
Language, Clear English, Basic English and Controlled English.
Access to complex, written, information can be difficult for people
who have cognitive or learning disabilities, for people needing to
communicate information using sign language and for individuals
using English as a Second or Foreign Language.
It is less expensive to translate Simplified English content into
other languages than to translate unsimplified content.
Please see the following charts for details: Simplified English
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/simplified_english.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 30 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Colorblindness
The use of color can greatly enhance a user interface, but only if
it is used appropriately. Color may be a matter of preference for
most people, but it is critical for many users with visual
impairments. The number of people who are colorblind are as
follows:
• Canada, 1M;
• United States, 10M;
• European Union countries, 14M;
• CIBIR-SPACE® Countries, 112M; and,
• Worldwide, 230M [5].
Please see the following charts for details: Disability Data
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/disability_data.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 31 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Meaning of Color
Color means different things in different societies. Studying the
complex nature of colors can help to avoid using colors
inappropriately. The meaning of the colors cross-culture follow:
Red: Ancient Rome, a signal for battle; Russia, means beautiful;
India, symbol for a soldier; South Africa, the color of mourning;
China, the color of good luck;
Green: Ancient Greece, victory; Highlands of Scotland, mark of honor
and United States, Money.
Blue: China, for little girls; Iran, color of mourning; Ghana, joy and
American Hopi, religious significance.
Yellow: Malaysia, royalty; China, wealth; Egypt and Burma, signifies
mourning; India, the symbol for a merchant or farmer; India, festival
of spring; United States, caution.
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 32 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Asian Characters
Asian characters are much more complex than Latin-Based
Characters. Latin-Based Characters (LBC) use 2.4 strokes per
character. Colors that provide good contrast for LBC may not
provide good contrast when used to display Asian characters.
Asian characters average 9.10 strokes per character. Translating
content into Asian languages may force you to have to display
the characters in larger than desired font sizes to read them.
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 33 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Densely Populated Societies
The number of people living per square kilometer are as
follows:
• S. Korea, 848.2;
• Poland, 127;
• Netherlands, 471.7;
• Denmark, 126;
• India, 341.1;
• Indonesia, 123;
• Belgium 339.4;
• Portugal, 109;
• United Kingdom, 247;
• France, 109;
• Germany, 238;
• United States, 30;
• Italy, 196;
• Russia, 8.6; and,
• Luxembourg, 171;
• Canada, 3
• China, 135;
Please see the following charts for details: People Living per Square Kilometer
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/people_per_sq_km.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 34 of 44
Accessible IT Design
Densely Populated Societies
Usability and transaction speed will be two important critical
success factors as ATM and kiosk use increases in these two
countries.
Please see the following charts for details: People Living per Square Kilometer
http://www.easi.cc/jacobs/AFA/people_per_sq_km.htm
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 35 of 44
Mainstream Business Benefits
Example 1: Deafness
• Assistive Technology: Close Captions
• Mainstream Business Trend: Just-in-time news
programming
• Mainstream Business Driver: The need to produce JustIn-Time video-based news stories; The desire for
universities to enhance the ability of researchers to search
the content of audio, video and graphic collateral
• Mainstream Business Benefit/Solution: Enhances
storing, searching for and retrieving video content, stored
in data warehouses, through the use of self-service touchpoints [Audio and Video Searching Link]
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 36 of 44
Mainstream Business Benefits
Example 2: Deafness
• Assistive Technology: Closed Captions
• Mainstream Business Trend: Video advertising on ATMs
and other self-service products
• Mainstream Business Driver: Reduce the cost involved in
translating video ads into other languages [no re-shooting
costs]
• Mainstream Business Benefit/Solution: Use captions to
display non-native language captions on native language
video advertising.
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 37 of 44
Mainstream Business Benefits
Example 3: Hearing Impairments
• Assistive Technology: Active noise cancellation
technologies and volume control
• Mainstream Business Trend: Installation of talking ATMs
and other self-service products in malls, super markets,
sporting events, airports and train stations
• Mainstream Business Driver: Desire to accommodate
consumers 65+ years of age and to reduce background
noise
• Mainstream Business Benefit/Solution: Enhances
ability to hear audio content in noisy environments.
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 38 of 44
Mainstream Business Benefits
Example 4: Blindness
• Assistive Technology: Text-To-Speech synthesis
• Mainstream Business Trend: Installation of ATMs, and
other self-service products, in emerging markets
• Mainstream Business Driver: Desire to accommodate
persons of low and no literacy
• Mainstream Business Benefit/Solution: Audio-enabled
ATMs and other self-service products.
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 39 of 44
Mainstream Business Benefits
Example 5: Blindness
• Accessible Design Practice: Designing web sites that are
accessible to screen-readers
• Mainstream Business Trend: Move toward web-based
interfaces on ATMs and other self-service products.
• Mainstream Business Driver: Desire to reduce the cost
of transcoding HTML content into formats accessible by
wireless devices; Faster download times using slow
connections
• Mainstream Business Benefit/Solution: Automated
transcoding of HTML content into WML; Expanded ports-ofentry and low-bandwidth access
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 40 of 44
Mainstream Business Benefits
Example 6: Low-Vision
• Assistive Technology: Screen magnification and serial
word-reading
• Mainstream Business Trend: Increasing use of smallscreened wireless Internet appliances
• Mainstream Business Driver: Desire to accommodate the
vision deficiencies of aging populations and to enhance
readability from small displays; Develop readable Chinese,
Japanese and Korean character-based web sites.
• Mainstream Business Benefit/Solution: Enhances the
ability to read text from the screens of small-screened
wireless devices
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 41 of 44
Mainstream Business Benefits
Example 7: Mobility
• Accessible Design Practice: Alternate keyboard access
• Mainstream Business Trend: Access to the Internet by
telephone [Voice Portals: Link]
• Mainstream Business Driver: Enabling web sites to be
accessible by telephone
• Mainstream Business Benefit/Solution: Enhanced
phone-based ports-of-entry by one billion telephones and
400 million cell phones
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 42 of 44
Mainstream Business Benefits
Example 8: Cognition
• Accessible Design Practice: Simplified English
• Mainstream Business Trend: Expansion of services into
non-native language environments
• Mainstream Business Driver: Need to translation
content into other languages
• Mainstream Business Benefit/Solution: Reduced
language translation costs; Enhanced ESL and enhanced
synthesized speech understandability
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 43 of 44
Contact Information:
Steve Jacobs
Accessibility Program Manager
NCR Corporation; and, President
IDEAL at NCR;
Phone: (614) 777-0660
TTY/STS: 711
[email protected]
Steve Jacobs
Copyright © 2000 - 2002 by EASI. All rights reserved. Slide 44 of 44