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3DM Analyst
Open Mine Pit
Measuring System
ADAM Technology wishes to acknowledge
Kundana Gold Mining Company
for their assistance in the preparation of this demonstration
3DM Analyst
Software Tools for 3D Measurement
The 3DM Analyst is a set of specialised software tools
designed to extract accurate 3D spatial measurements of
objects by analysing images taken with handheld digital
cameras. The 3 dimensional data produced can then be
viewed, and edited, with standard stereovision systems (e.g.
Stereographics Crystal Eyes or Z Screen, even as a low cost
anaglyph).
The system performs camera calibration and exterior orientation calculations to enable it to
create epipolar images which can then be viewed in 3D. The epipolar images are then used
to generate a 3D Digital Terrain Model (DTM). This DTM can be modified and 3D
Polylines added. 3D measurements can then be extracted from the data.
Once complete the epipolar images and all of the 3D data can be stored in the job file. The
data can also be exported out for further editing and presentation work in other software
packages. The advanced texture mapping capability ensures that the 3D model is accurately
represented. This is especially useful for geological observation.
The 3DM Analyst settings can be adjusted to achieve the accuracy required by the user.
Typically surface points are measured within an accuracy of around 1/4000th of the size of
the object measured.
3DM Analyst
Photography
Suitable photography involves taking a pair of
convergent images of the same scene from
separate positions. The camera(s) separation
depends on the distance of the closest objects in
the scene and the degree of stereo one wishes to
achieve.
The cameras should be angled inwards, so that the imaginary rays projected into the scene
intersect at a depth that is intended to be at the projection plane. Objects that are closer than this
intersection plane will appear to be closer to the viewer, points behind this intersection plane
will appear to be further from the viewer.
To provide the most comfortable viewing: A general rule of thumb is for the camera separation
to be around 1/20th of the distance where the camera rays intersect (intersection plane).
3DM Analyst
Stereopair images are loaded
into the 3DM Analyst.
Left Image loaded
Right Image loaded
3DM Analyst
Loading Control and Viewing Relative
Orientation Points
The exterior orientation of a camera position is defined as the position of the
projection centre of the camera in space (X,Y,Z) and 3 rotation angles describing
the orientation (direction of the camera axis). Image correlation and centroiding
software is used to assist the operator in viewing the surveyed control points. This
greatly improves accuracy and observation speed. The surveyed control points
along with some relative orientation points are then entered into the system.
The camera orientation is created from the bundle adjustment process. The bundle
adjustment attempts to best match the image coordinates and the 3D control
locations of the two images.
3DM Analyst
DTM Points Generation
After the epipolar resample, which aligns the images for easy stereo viewing,
the feature points are calculated. These feature points are then used to generate
the points of a Digital Terrain Model (DTM).
Knowledge of the camera’s orientation ensures that the 3D DTM data
generated is in the coordinate system that you have specified.
3DM Analyst
Triangular DTM Mesh
A triangular mesh is applied to the model using the calculated DTM points.
This gives the surface a viewable shape.
3DM Analyst
Automatic Contour Generation from
Triangular DTM Mesh
Contours of a specified height are automatically calculated and can be
displayed over the Triangular DTM Mesh.
3DM Analyst
Triangular Mesh and Contours Displayed
The 3D Triangular mesh and Contour display can be viewed and manipulated
in 3D.
3DM Analyst
3D View of Model with Texture Mapping
The epipolar image is texture mapped over the 3D Triangular mesh. It too can
be viewed and manipulated in 3D.
3DM Analyst
3D View of Model with Contours
Contours of any specified value can be automatically applied to the 3D Model.
3DM Analyst
3D Data Exporting
The 3D data can be exported in .DXF and .MAF formats for use in other
software packages.
3DM Analyst
3D View of Model with Control Points
Displayed
Viewing objects in 3D makes extracting 3D data easy and accurate.We have implemented
support for the Stereographics Crystal Eyes or the Z Screen polarising glasses for stereo
viewing. The operator can view the object in 3D, overlay the DTM points and triangles in
3D, and even drive a floating mark around in 3D using the mouse, adding and deleting
points at will.
The Control Point positions in the following model are displayed as X, Y and Z values in
the bottom right of the Stereo Display window.
Note: The following images have been presented as an Anaglyph for this presentation. In a working
situation the Stereographics stereo viewing system is recommended. To view the model in 3D you
will need to use a pair of Anaglyph glasses (red filter - left eye, blue filter - right eye).
3DM Analyst
3D Measurement Software
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Open Pit and Stockpile measurement
Active Face Mapping for Survey and Geology
Engineering Mapping and Measurement
A forerunner to Automated Underground Survey
and Mapping Systems
For more information on 3D measurement contact:
ADAM Technology
Suite 3, 41 Belmont Avenue, Belmont, Western Australia 6104
Post: P.O. Box 283, Cloverdale, Western Australia
Ph: + 61 8 9 479 5575 Fax: + 61 8 9 479 5585
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.adamtech.com.au
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