Transcript Document

Or
Are you really as smart as you
think you are? And how you can
find out
Phrenology
Craniometry
The Dilemma:
Mustard Seed or
Ball Bearings
Alfred Binet
Tried to identify
mentally retarded
children.
Came up with the
first IQ test
Mental
Age
IQ =
Chronological Age
A 4 year old who can answer questions that a
typical 6 year old could answer would have
an IQ of 150
Distinguishing Ignorance from Stupidity?
Mean = 100 Standard Deviation = 15
130+ = Gifted
145+ = Genius
70- = Moron
55- = Imbecile
25- = Idiot
Componential Intelligence – skills
involving metacognition, knowledge
acquisition
Experiential Intelligence – Being able to
apply knowledge to novel situations
Contextual Intelligence – Common sense
The Savant Problem
Brain Damaged Cases
Gardner’s theory of
Multiple Intelligences
1) Linguistic
2) Mathematical
3) Spatial
4) Kinesthetic
5) Musical
6) Interpersonal
7) Intrapersonal
8) Naturalist/Spiritual
Alan Turing and his
famous test
Don’t forget Demo
What evidence would
be necessary to
persuade you that an
animal was intelligent?
Continuum vs. Discrete
Measures of
Intelligence
Face Validity – The extent to which a test
appears to test-takers to be valid
Content Validity – How well a test provides a
representation of the content domain
Criterion Validity – How well the test
predicts
Construct Validity – Does the content domain
measure what its supposed to
Multiple Choice – Easy to administer, hard
to find good distracter items.
Likert Scale – Item in which you rate on a
scale your level of agreement: even vs. odd
Q-sorts – checklist of adjectives:
susceptible to context effects
Free response – Need a coding Scheme
Double Barreled
Questions:
“I didn’t vote for Gore because I didn’t
like his stance on affirmative action”
Redundant Items Lower Content Validity
by Over-sampling parts of the content
domain.
Mix positive and negative questions to
overcome positive response bias.
Ambiguous Items lower validity:
To what extent to you agree with the
following:
“An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”
Turn the other cheek vs. I’ll hurt them twice
as much as they hurt me…
Ambiguous Items lower validity:
“I’m constantly searching my room for bugs”
Demand Characteristics:
Thank you for your participation in this study. You
have submitted photographs of yourself, and these
have been reviewed by 100 raters, at least 98 of whom
have classified you as "extremely unattractive." We
believe that especially unattractive people such as
yourself generally have low self-esteem and feel
nervous about interactions with other people. Please
keep this in mind as you fill out the following survey.
Standardization
Expectation effects
Reinforcing Responses
Restricted Range Problems
Simpson’s Paradox Revisited
Feedback and the Barnum Effect
Do Demo Now
1) Intelligence is a tricky concept and is
not as easily defined as one might
think.
2) Testing is difficult, and many tests
have problems that you need to be
aware of.
Take and evaluate online tests
2-3 pages, doubles spaced, normal font
and margins
You can discuss this with your
classmates, but the final analysis
must be your own