Transcript Document

Blood Safety
&
Blood Donor Motivation
BLOOD Facts
 Blood flows everywhere
through out the human body.
 One cannot live without it.
 The heart pumps blood to all
the cells, supplying them with
oxygen and food.
 Blood also carries proteins and
cell fragments called platelets
that let blood clot where there
has been an injury.
Did You Know?
 350ml of blood can save as many as three lives.
 Even with all of today’s technology, there is no
substitute of blood.
 The beneficiary is usually in state of emergency and
can not make an appeal
 The act gives you a sense of satisfaction and binds
you to your society
Someone has to give blood
in order for someone to receive blood.
Fact Sheet -1
 In Jharkhand the need of blood is approximately 3
lakh units.
 Approximately not even 1% of the eligible
population in Jharkhand donates blood.
 Approximately 10% of regular donors donate
only ONCE in a year.
If they donate just two times per year the shortage could be
managed.
Fact sheet -2
 A person has 5 - 6 litres of blood in their body.
 A person can donate blood after an interval of
every 90 days (3 months).
 Body recovers the Blood very quickly:
 Blood plasma volume– within 24 - 48 hours
 Red Blood Cells – in about 3 weeks
 Platelets & White Blood Cells – 2 to 3 Days
Some Reasons to Donate Blood
Blood is always needed for,
 accident
victims
 cancer patients
 blood disorder patients
 surgery patients
 Pre-mature, pre term babies
and many others…….
1 of out 10 hospital patients needs a
blood transfusion
Blood Bank’s Primary Concern  Safety of Blood Donor & Blood Recipient (patient)
because “Safe Blood” gives life, “Unsafe blood” gives
infections
 To ensure “Blood Safety”,
 Strict “Donor Screening” at the Camp
 “Testing” of collected blood
 “Safe Storage” of collected blood up to 35 days.
 Strict “cross-matching” of blood samples to ensure
safe transfusion to patient
Pre-Donation information
• Blood is taken ONLY from Voluntary Donors
• Using sterile, disposable blood bags &
instruments
• Donated Blood is tested and stored
•It is safe to donate every 3 months
• It is quick and safe.
• It doesn’t hurt.
• It can save up to 3 lives.
Procedure for
Voluntary Blood Donation
Pre-Donation:
1.
Donor Screening
2.
Donor Eligibility criteria
3.
Deferral Criteria (Donor Consent Form)
4.
Medical examination including Hb estimation
Blood Donation:
5.
Blood donation procedure
Post donation
6.
Rest for 15 minutes, advice & light refreshment
7.
Donor Certificate, Donor card and Thanks.
1. Donor Screening

Safe Donor selection involves –
1.
2.
3.
4.

Identification of low risk populations
Donor education and recruitment
Encouraging self deferral based on “Deferral
Criteria”
Medical Examination before donation
Voluntary Non-remunerated Repeat Donor
(VNRD) is safest
2. Donor Eligibility Criteria
 Who can donate?
Wt > 45 Kg
• Age: 18 - 65 years
• Weight : > 45 kgs
• Hemoglobin level: 12. gms and above
• In good health
3. Deferral Criteria
Who CANNOT donate?
Life long
1 year
х
Abnormal bleeding
disorder
o Surgery
х
o Typhoid
Heart, Kidney, Liver
Disorder in specific
conditions
х
Terminal Thyroid
disorder
х
Epilepsy, Mental
disorders
х
Tuberculosis, Leprosy if
not cured
х
Asthma
х
Cancer
х
Insulin dependent
diabetics
х Uncontrolled High BP
o Rabies
Vaccination
o Unexplained
weight loss
o Continuous
low grade fever
6 Months
2 Weeks
o Tattooing or
body piercing
Dental
Manipulation
o Root canal
treatment
upper respiratory
tract infections
o Malaria
gastroenteritis
o Vaccination
3. Deferral Criteria…
(Donor Consent Form)
Postpone donation for 6 months if you have risk
factors for HIV/AIDS
 Having sex with more than one partner
 Having sex with any unknown partner
 Intravenous drug abuse
 Having sex with a person who could have the above
risk factors
3. Deferral Criteria…
(Donor Consent Form)
Female donors cannot donate blood……
 During pregnancy
 After delivery for one year
 When lactating
 During menstrual period
4. Medical Examination at camp
 Blood test for:
 Blood grouping
 Hemoglobin
 Blood pressure
 Pulse
 General physical examination
5. Blood Donation Procedure
Remember!
The Donor Must ….
 have had good rest / sleep
 have had light meal
 be mentally prepared
5. Blood Donation Procedure
Volume of blood collection
Donor
Weight
Blood
collected
Amount
Used for
45 kgs 55 kgs
350ml
Single
bag
Whole Blood
> 55 kgs
450 ml
Double / Blood
Triple Components
bag
Post Donation Advice
 Drink lots of fluids for next 24 hours
 Avoid smoking for one hour & alcohol till after a
meal
 Avoid highly strenuous exercises & games for a
day
 If it bleeds, apply pressure & reapply band-aid. The
bruise is due to blood seeping into the surrounding
tissue. It will take a few days to get reabsorbed.
 Remove band-aid after 4 hours
6. Testing at Blood Bank for
Transfusion Transmissible Infections (TTIs)
Blood collected at the BDC is screened using
highest quality screening tests for 5 TTIs
 HIV
 Hepatitis B
 Hepatitis C
 VDRL (syphilis)
 Malaria
Counselling for “Reactive” donors
If a blood sample tests positive for any TTI,
then….
 Tests are repeated in duplicate
 Complete confidentiality is maintained about
the test results
 only the donor is informed, counseled &
encouraged for further testing
 Referrals to health experts are provided along
with follow-ups
7. Blood Products / Components
& their uses
Blood collected is screened for TTIs (infections) & if SAFE, is
separated into components & stored for issue to patients.
 Whole blood
 For Exchange Transfusion in Babies
 Accident Victims
 Complicated Delivery cases
 Some specific surgeries
 Blood Components
 Red Cells (for anemia)
 Fresh Frozen Plasma (for clotting disorders, burns)
 Platelets/Platelet rich plasma (for cancer, dengue etc)
 Cryoprecipitate (for clotting disorders)
What can YOU do?
 Make Blood Donation a HABIT
 Donate regularly – every 3 months to
commemorate special days like birthdays,
anniversaries ….
 Motivate others to donate
 Refer your friends and relatives
Benefits to Donor of blood donation
Health benefits:
Regular donation (2-3 times a year….)
 Lowers cholesterol
 Lowers lipid levels
 Decreases incidence of heart attacks, strokes
Donor is also eligible to receive one FREE unit of blood if
needed for
 Self
 Spouse/ Child/ Parents, and
 Even friends