Transcript Document

CONJUNCTIONS

Bağlaçlar(conjunctions) sözcük ya da
sözcük öbeklerini ya da cümleleri bağlayan
sözcüklerdir.

Bunlar so,and,once gibi tek bir sözcükten
oluşabilir ya da in order that, so that, as
long as gibi bir sözcük öbeğide olabilirler.

Although she studied hard,she could not
pass the licence exam.
Bağlaçları üç grupta inceleyebiliriz:
1. Coordinating conjunctions
2.
Correlative conjunctions
3.
Subordinating conjunctions
Bu bağlaçlar şunlardır:
 and,or,but,yet,nor,so,for
And aynı doğrultuda anlama sahip sözcükleri
birleştirir(her ikiside olumlu ya da her
ikiside olumsuz):beautiful and clever
But ve yet fakat,ama anlamına gelir ve zıtlık
vurgulayan,çelişen sözcükleri birleştirir.
Beautiful but/yet stupid
Or seçenek sunarken (ya da anlamında
kullanılır) sooner or later
And,but,yet,or iki cümleyide birbirine
bağlayabilir
The children were playing and the parents
were chatting.
She did not feel well,yet she still went to
work

I am too tired but I can do this

He does not like meat nor does he like fish
She does not like him nor does she like his
brother


She did not go to work for she was ill
Bu gruptaki bağlaçlar ikili olarak
kullanılır:both…and,either…or,neither…nor
Not only…but also, not…but, not only…but
as well.
 Bu bağlaçlar genellikle iki
özne,nesne,sıfat,zarf ve fiili sözcük öbeğini
ya da cümleciği bağlayabilir.


Both Ali and Ayşe will come with us for the
party tonight

Not only but also Ayşe will come with us
for party tonight

She is neither short nor tall.

Either Ali or Ayşe will help me

Bir yan cümleyi temel cümleye bağlayan
when,before,because,although gibi
sözcükler subordinating conjunctions diye
isimlendirilir

Although it was raining, she went out for a
walk

Because she was tired, she went straight
to bed
Conjunctions as a Chart
Time: after, before, by the time, until , till , since ,as long as ,
so long as , while, as, when , whenever, once, as soon as,
immediately, the moment.
Place:where, wherever, as far as.
Manner:as, as if, as though, how
Cause:because, as , since , seeing that, seeing as, for, as long
as, inasmuch as
Purpose:so that, in order that, for the purpose that, for fear
that, lest
Concession and Contrast:Although, though, even though, while,
whereas , much as, however,
Condition:If, unless, only if, whether or not, even if
Result:So, so … that, such… that
ADVERBIAL CLAUSES
OF TIME
After
 After I finish the sport, I will go out for
lunch
Before
 Before I go out for lunch, I will finish the
sport
When
 When I got home, they were eating dinner
While
 While I was walking up the street, I ran
into an old friend
As
 As I was taking the cake out of the oven, I
burnt myself
By the time
 By the time he comes back we will have
finished out work
Until
 Until he comes back, we will cook the
dinner
Till
 She will wait for me till I finish my work
Since
 We have not seen each other since we
left the school
As soon as
 As soon as I finish the work, we will head
to party
Immediately
 Immediately I saw her, I understood that
something was wrong
The moment
 The moment I saw her, I fell in love with
her
As long as
 I will not forgive him as long as I live
So long as
 So long as I love you, I will never
forget you
Whenever
 Whenever we are together, we enjoy
a lot with our friends
The first time
 The first I saw her, I thought that she was
the right girl to marry
The next time
 The next time I see him, I will pay what I
owe
The last time
 The last time I saw her, she was very
happy
Now that
 Now that you have graduated, you can go
abroad
No sooner… than
 No sooner had I entered the house,than
he started to cook
Hardly, Scarcely, Barely… when
 I had scarcely/hardly/barely received his
letter when he himself arrived
Therefore
 He did not like the party, therefore he
went out.
Seeing that
 Seeing that the traffic was rather heavy,
we decided to take the back road
Consequently
 He did not let him take the car,
consequently Jack broke his car down
Owing to
 Owing to his lack of interest, he did not
decide to go to camping
Due to
 Due to the limited employment in rural
areas many people are moving to big
cities
Because of
 I am crazy because of you.
On account of
 On account of the construction work on
the highway going on for sometime now,
we have been taking another route to our
work
As a result
 It is raining heavily, as a result we cannot
go out for today to have a picnic with our
classmates
So…that
 It was so windy that we could not go
sailing
Such…that
 It was such a wonderful film that I
watched it again
So…as
 His music at last performance was so
emotional as to make his harshest critics
admit to his talent.
Such…as
 The power of the film was such as to
make me leave the cinema with tears in
my eyes
For
 He finished the meal quickly,for he had
not eaten anything since the morning
Result from
 Whale’s facing extinction result from men’s
hunting them in large numbers
Due to the fact that
 Due to the fact that man hunts whales in
large number, they face extinction
Owing to the fact that
 Owing to the fact that there was a lot of
snow on way of school, the bus driver
decided not to go from that way,instead
he decided that it would be more
convenient to go from that way because
that way was not closed cause of snow.
Thus
 We went to party,thus we met a lot of
people thanks to our schoold friends.
Result in
 The team did not train enough for the
match last week which resulted in a
dissappointing result against their rivals in
Sunday’s match that was 4-1 .
For that reason
 He did not like to go to school
yesterday,for that reason he did not eat
anything
In case
 Do not use this in case of fire
Even though
 Even though it was good for
everyone,Charley did not like it
Even if
 I will not forgive you even if you do
However
 It does not matter however hard you
try to unlock that door because it is
stuck and will not move until a stick is
placed and burst to open with a great
power and you will not unlock that
door
Feyza Demirkapak
İİÖP
1090620054