Transcript Overview and Perspective on G-Spatial Business

Lesson’s learned from
Typhoon Yolanda Response
for EO applications
in Asian Development Bank
Presentation by
Yusuke Muraki
Space Technology Specialist
Asian Development Bank
January 13 2014
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Objective
• To introduce needs of EO applications
for disaster response in ADB based on
the lesson learned from Typhoon
Yolanda.
• To trigger discussion how to meet such
needs by the international cooperation.
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Contents
1. Overall Yolanda Response in ADB
2. EO Applications for Yolanda Response
in ADB
3. Lessons Learned
3
Introduction
4
Introduction of ADB
• Regional development bank
– Economic development and Poverty reduction.
• Projects
– Loan, grant, and technical assistance (TA).
– With knowledge to address development issues.
• $15.3 billion assisted in 2013.
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Introduction of ADB
President
HQ (External
relations, audit,
strategy .etc)
Vice
President
Budget,
Administration
(Procurement,
Human resources,
Administration,
Legal, .etc)
Vice
President
Vice
President
Vice
President
Vice
President
Public/
Cofinance
South Asia
Department
East Asia
Department
Economics
& Research
Department
Central and
West Asia
Department
South East
Asia
Department
Pacific
Department
Regional
Sustainable
Development
Department
Headquarters
in Manila, Philippines
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EO applications in ADB
•
Letter of Intent with JAXA in 2010.
•
Sentinel Asia Data Analysis Node (DAN)
since 2012.
•
Many projects applying EO.
• Flood forecasting in Bangladesh,
Philippines, Viet Nam (TA8074-REG)
• Drought monitoring in Greater Mekong
Sub-region (TA6521-REG)
• Rice crop monitoring using radar in Lao
P.D.R, Philippines, Thailand and Viet
Nam (TA8369-REG)
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1. Overall Yolanda
Response in ADB
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Overview of Typhoon Yolanda
•
Typhoon Yolanda
(Haiyan) hit the central
part of the Philippines
on November 8 2013.
•
Wind speeds estimated
at 315 km/h (195 mph).
•
•
•
As of January 10, 2014, 6,190 reported dead, 1,785 still missing.
3.4 million family / 16 million persons affected.
1.1 million houses damaged.
Typhoon Path
Devastation in Tacloban & Cebu – Pictures
ADB Loans and Grants
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Damage Assessment -> Plan
• Multi-Cluster/Sector Initial Rapid
Assessment (MIRA)
• Reconstruction Assistance on Yolanda
(RAY) based on Damage and Loss
Assessment (DaLA)
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Multi-Cluster/Sector Initial Rapid
Assessment (MIRA)
• Released on November 25, 2013 lead by UN OCHA with 45
organizations including ADB.
• Methodology: Questionnaire and Sampling, Review of
Government data source.
• Rapid Assessment
– Status of affected people, Damage and access to basic services such as
Shelter, Water, sanitation and hygiene, Health, Livelihoods and Agriculture,
Mass communication, Education, Displacement Management, Protection.
– “Urgent and extensive shelter requirements”
• With 515,179 houses totally destroyed and 551,546 partially damaged in the
affected areas
– “The most urgent needs are to replant the damaged rice and corn fields
during present planting season.”
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Reconstruction Assistance
on Yolanda (RAY)
• Government’s strategic plan for recovery and
reconstruction prepared with the support of
international partners including ADB, released
on December 16, 2013.
• Section III presents an estimate of the overall
economic impact (damage and loss
assessment (DaLA)), as well as an initial
calculation of overall recovery and
reconstruction needs.
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Damage and Loss
Assessment (DaLA)
• Total damage: about US$12.9 billion.
• Usually takes 6 weeks, completed quickly to meet the
deadline of 2013 government budget mobilization.
• Methodology: Handbook for Estimating the SocioEconomic and Environmental Effects of Disasters.
United Nations Economic Commission for Latin
America and the Caribbean, 2003.
• Conducted using the best available data.
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Damage and Loss
Assessment (DaLA)
• Targets
– Infrastructure sector: Roads, Bridges, Flood control and
government buildings, Ports, Airports, Electricity, Water
Supply and Sanitation.
– Economic Sector: Agriculture (Lands), Livestock, Fisheries,
and Food Security, Trade, Industry, Services
– Social Sector: Education (Schools), Health (Hospitals) and
Nutrition, Housing and Shelters
– Cross Sectoral: Local government and community
infrastructure, Social impacts, Gender, Environment
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Timing
11/8
Typhoon Yolanda
11/13
3 million $ Grant approved
20 million $ Grant and
500 million $ Loan
announced
20 million $ Grant concept
prepared
11/25
12/06
500 million $ Loan approved
12/13
20 million $ Grant approved
12/16
375 million $ Loan approved
MIRA released
DaLA completed and RAY released
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2. EO Applications for
Yolanda Response in ADB
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1) Needs
• Assessment Phase
– Damage assessment for (i) designing the loan and
grants, and (ii) making MIRA and DaLA.
• Number/area of damaged infrastructure/lands by its type
• Location/spatial distribution of the damaged
infrastructure/lands
• Implementation phase (Reconstruction)
– Prioritization of reconstruction
• Distribution of damages
• Combination with GIS analyses
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2) What ADB has done
• Accessed International Disaster Charter, Sentinel
Asia and other available EO information and
shared in the Yolanda Response Team in ADB.
• Counted damaged infrastructure based on
damaged infrastructure map based-on satellite
imagery and basic GIS data from Open Street Map
(OSM).
• Identified of number of damaged houses in 40
m buffer zone from the coast line for
understanding the magnitude of the replacement.
• Asked satellite providers to provide proposal for
damage assessment.
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Damage assessment
GIS Analysis
Image from International Charter
Image from Openstreetmap
Base maps
(Layers of houses,
infrastructure, roads, etc.)
Data Source
-Open Street Map
Damaged infrastructure by
visual check of satellite
imagery
1. Number of damaged infrastructure
2. Damaged infrastructure maps
Data Source
-Open Street Map
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Results of initial work by
ADB RS-GIS team
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Could calculate the number and locate the
damaged hospitals, hotels, schools, etc. on maps
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Observation from the
initial results
• Number of damaged houses for Tacloban city
from the results was 20166 / 33351 (60%)
• Number of damaged houses for Tacloban city
reported in NDRRMC update was;
– 382 for 11/10 to 11/21
– 58,823 (12,270(Totally), 46,553(Partially)) for
11/21 to 12/20
Satellite-based assessment has advantage for the
quick assessment until field data is available
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Estimation of number of houses in 40 m
buffer zone from the shoreline
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3) Potential applications
• Damage assessment using agricultural
lands using satellite data.
• Damage assessment for the
infrastructure for other affected areas.
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3. Lessons Learned
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Lessons Learned
<Challenges for information creation>
1) Lack of basic GIS dataset for overlay with satellitebased damaged infrastructure maps
2) Difficulty to access to high-res. satellite imagery for
damage assessment purposes
3) Lack of coordination in data analysis contribution
<Challenges for information utilization>
4) The numbers based on satellite data can’t be used
in official reports easily
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1) Lack of basic GIS data
GIS Analysis
Image from International Charter
Image from Openstreetmap
Basic GIS data
(Layers of houses,
infrastructure, roads, etc.)
Not easily
available!!
Damaged infrastructure by
visual check of satellite
imagery
1. Number of damaged infrastructure
2. Damaged infrastructure maps
Available from
space
community
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1) Lack of basic GIS data
• Difficult to get basic GIS data from the government
agencies after the disaster.
– Should make mechanism to prepare such GIS dataset for
sharing with international partners before disasters.
DPN (Space)
DPN
(Basic GIS)
DAN
User
Example in Sentinel Asia
• Lack of necessary data in the government.
– Support to prepare data.
– Making use of Open Street Map (Crowd source) data.
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Potential collaboration with OSM
• Open Street Map is volunteer-based project to create
free editable map of the world.
• Humanitarian OSM team has started making base
map around the affected area from Nov. 6 (Before
the Typhoon hit.)
• OSM maps have building attribution checked by the
local volunteers.
• The World Bank has started project in the Philippines
to support the local government unit to make use of
OSM maps for their operation.
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2) Availability of High Res. Satellite
data for damage assessment
• The coverage of satellite imagery provided through
the International Charter and Sentinel Asia was not
enough for the whole affected area.
– More coordination in data providers.
– Widen the scope of free data sharing.
– Establishment of mechanism to purchase satellite data for
the whole affected area soon after disaster happens.
• The window that DAN can access the data from
international charter was too short.
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Data availability was limited….
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3) Lack of coordination for
data analyses
• It was difficult to know what geospatial
processing other agencies were conducting,
which made ADB’s decision making much
slower to decide where and what to focus.
– More coordination in international community
during disaster events.
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4) How to make use of
satellite-based information
• It is difficult to change official numbers
reported from fields or responsible local
government agencies at the higher
level.
– It is important to consider how to make
use of satellite-based information at the
level of agencies which create numbers as
initial data source.
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Conclusion
• EO is useful in the event of disaster not only
for initial rescue purposes, but also for the
quick damage assessment for the
government and donors to mobilize funds
and decide budget allocation.
• However, it is still underutilized for this
purpose. ADB would like to discuss how to
realize this with the international partners.
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Thank you!
If you have any questions,
please contact
Yusuke Muraki
[email protected]
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